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57 results for “prey preference”
Fig. 2 in Feeding preference of adult females of ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus through prey proximate-composition and caloric values
Fig. 2. Multivariate correspondence analysis considering the proximate-composition and prey species of Trichiurus lepturus in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Cb: Chirocentrodon bleekerianus; Dp: Doryteuthis plei; Lg: Lycengraulis grossidens; Ph: Pellona harroweri; Pp: Peprilus paru; Tl: Trichiurus lepturus and Xk: Xiphopenaeus kroyeri. CAR = carbohydrate.
Fig. 1 in Feeding preference of adult females of ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus through prey proximate-composition and caloric values
Fig. 1. Map of Brazil with Rio de Janeiro State and its northern coast, where adult female specimens of Trichiurus lepturus and their prey species were collected (21º18'S-22º25'S; until 50 m depth).
Figure 2 in Trophic breadth niche, prey preference and developmental time of a Balaustium sp. (Acari: Erythraeidae) from Argentina
Figure 2. Ordination diagram of principal components analysis showing the distribution of preys consumption by larvae, deutonymphs, and adults of Balaustium sp. Positions of the arrows relative to Axes 1 and 2 indicate how strongly independent variables are correlated with each axis, and therefore how related variables are to the pattern of preys consumption by Balaustium sp.
Figure 1 in Trophic breadth niche, prey preference and developmental time of a Balaustium sp. (Acari: Erythraeidae) from Argentina
Figure 1. Developmental stages of Balaustium sp. – A. Eggs; B. Deutova; C. Larva; D. Protonymph: E. Deutonymph; F. Tritonymph; G. Adult.
Fig. 3 in Habitat Preference And Prey Selection Of Marsh Harrier (Circus Aeruginosus) In Overwintering Area Of Southeast China
Fig. 3. Abundances of passerines (), pheasant () and marsh harrier (+) of the four years in the four habitats in Shahu Nature Reserve, China, with line transects 2000 m × 200 m (A, autumn; W,
Fig. 2 in Habitat Preference And Prey Selection Of Marsh Harrier (Circus Aeruginosus) In Overwintering Area Of Southeast China
Fig. 2. Wintering marsh harrier's abundance in different habitats in Shahu Nature Reserve, China in autumn and winter of 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2006
Fig. 1 in Habitat Preference And Prey Selection Of Marsh Harrier (Circus Aeruginosus) In Overwintering Area Of Southeast China
Fig. 1. Shahu Nature Reserve (SNR, autumn and winter). The up left shows the location of SNR; HB, Hubei Province; BWH, Beiwu Lake; NWH, Nanwu Lake; DC, Daocao Lake; DJ, Dongji River; YR, Yangtze River
Moonlight synchronous flights across three western palearctic swifts mirror size dependent prey preferences
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Recent studies have suggested the presence of moonlight mediated behaviour in avian aerial insectivores, such as swifts. At the same time swift species also show differences in prey (size) preferences. Here, we use the combined analysis of state-of-the-art activity logger data across three swift species, the Common, Pallid and Alpine swifts, to quantify flight height and activity responses to crepuscular and nocturnal light conditions. Our results show a significant response in flight heights to moonlight illuminance for Common and Pallid swifts, while a moonlight driven response is absent in Alpine swifts. Swift flight responses followed the size dependent altitude gradient of their insect prey. We show a weak relationship between night-time illuminance driven responses and twilight ascending behaviour, suggesting a decoupling of both crepuscular and night-time behaviour. We suggest that swifts optimise their flight behaviour to adapt to favourable night-time light conditions, driven by light responsive and size-dependent vertical insect stratification and weather conditions.</p> <blockquote> <p>You are required to cite both the Zenodo data repository as well as the BioRXiv pre-print when using this data, as:</p> <p>Hufkens et al. 2023. Moonlight synchronous flights across three western palearctic swifts mirror size dependent prey preferences. doi://10.5281/zenodo.7814214</p> <p>Hufkens et al. 2023. Moonlight synchronous flights across three western palearctic swifts mirror size dependent prey preferences. bioRxiv 2023.04.25.538243; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.25.538243</p> </blockquote> <p><strong>Use</strong></p> <p>This is a deposited version of the releases on Github.</p> <p>Either download this Zenodo repository or clone or download the project Github <a href="https://github.com/bluegreen-labs/swift_lunar_synchrony/archive/refs/heads/main.zip">zip file</a>.</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">git clone https://github.com/bluegreen-labs/swift_lunar_synchrony.git</code></pre> <p>Unzip the downloaded data if required. The repository is an `R` project and can be opened in <a href="https://posit.co/download/rstudio-desktop/">RStudio</a>, which will set the correct relative path.</p> <p><strong>Data structure & analysis</strong></p> <p>Analysis data is saved as compressed R serial files (.rds) in the <a href="https://github.com/bluegreen-labs/swift_lunar_synchrony/tree/main/data">`data` folder</a>. Scripts to reproduce the main statistical results are provided in the <a href="https://github.com/bluegreen-labs/swift_lunar_synchrony/tree/main/analysis">`analysis` folder</a>. A matching render of the analysis using the shared data is provided as <a href="http://bluegreen-labs.github.io/swift_lunar_synchrony/">dynamic webpage</a>.</p> <p><strong>Licensing</strong></p> <p>Be mindful of the CC-BY 4.0 license of the data and figures. Reuse is permitted on the condition of proper attribution and documentation of any changes.</p>
Hunting habits die hard: Conserved prey preferences in neotropical army ants across distant neotropical rainforests
<p><span>Supplemental dataset to article. </span></p> <p><span>A</span><span>rticle abstract: Army ants are widely recognized as keystone species in neotropical rainforests due to their role as important arthropod predators. Their large-scale raids involve countless workers scouring the forest floor in pursuit of prey, primarily capturing other invertebrates. However, our understanding of the precise dietary preferences and the degree of niche differentiation among sympatric species remains limited. In this study, we resolved an Ecuadorian army ant predation network consisting of 244 prey species and 13 army ant species of the genera <em>Cheliomyrmex</em>, <em>Eciton</em>, <em>Labidus</em>, <em>Neivamyrmex</em>, and <em>Nomamyrmex</em>. We collected 2,156 prey items from 180 army ant raids/emigrations, and of these, we identified 1,945 prey items to family level, 1,313 to genus level and 664 to species level based on morphological identifications and DNA barcodes. Prey consisted primarily of other ants (1,843 prey items; 153 ant species), to the largest part ant brood (N = 1,726). Hence, most army ant species chiefly plundered the nests of other ants, while the three swarm-raiding species, i.e. <em>L. praedator, L. spininodes, </em>and<em> E. burchellii</em>, exhibited a relatively high proportion of non-ant invertebrate prey in their diet. The predation network showed a high degree of specialization (</span><span>H<sub>2</sub>ˈ</span><span> = 0.65)</span><span>, characterized by little dietary niche overlap among sympatric species. We compared the Ecuadorian network with one previously studied in Costa Rica and found that, despite the large geographic distance, prey preferences remained remarkably similar. We discovered species-specific preferences for captured ant genera and species, despite some species turnover in both army ants and prey. Additionally, army ants also exhibited consistent spatio-temporal raiding preferences across study sites. In conclusion, predation preferences within army ant communities exhibited consistency in multiple niche dimensions across two distant geographic regions, suggesting a notable level of predictability within army ant predation networks.</span></p>
Figure 2 in Evaluation of prey stage preference of the predatory miteNeoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) on the spider mite pest Tetranychus neocaledonicus (André) (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)
Figure 2 Mean consumption rate (%) of nymphs of Neoseiulus longispinosus on different life stages
Figure 1 in Evaluation of prey stage preference of the predatory miteNeoseiulus longispinosus (Evans) on the spider mite pest Tetranychus neocaledonicus (André) (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae)
Figure 1 Mean consumption rate (%) of adults of Neoseiulus longispinosus on different life stages
FIGURE 2 in Does Artificial Selection For Fixed Prey Preference Affect Learning In A Predatory Mite? Experiments To Unravel Mechanisms Underlying Polyphagy In Hypoaspis Aculeifer
FIGURE 2: Preference of T-line predators, expressed as percentages (horizontal bars) of individuals choosing prey T (0 to 100%) or prey R (0 to -100%) for four replicates and three starvation treatments: (a) – in presence of odour from prey R, (b) – in presence of odour from prey T or (c) – in absence of prey odour. Numbers shown left and right of the horizontal bars represent number of predators choosing prey R (left) or prey T (right) for each replicate experiment.
FIGURE 1 in Does Artificial Selection For Fixed Prey Preference Affect Learning In A Predatory Mite? Experiments To Unravel Mechanisms Underlying Polyphagy In Hypoaspis Aculeifer
FIGURE 1: Preference of R-line predators, expressed as percentages (horizontal bars) of individuals choosing prey T (0 to 100%) or prey R (0 to -100%) for four replicates and three starvation treatments: (a) – in presence of odour from prey R or (b) – prey T or (c) – in absence of prey odour. Numbers shown left and right of the horizontal bars represent number of predators choosing prey R (left) or prey T (right) for each replicate experiment.
Poison frog dietary preference depends on prey type and alkaloid load
<p>The ability to acquire chemical defenses through the diet has evolved across several major taxa. Chemically defended organisms may need to balance chemical defense acquisition and nutritional quality of prey items. However, these dietary preferences and potential trade-offs are rarely considered in the framework of diet-derived defenses. Poison frogs (Family Dendrobatidae) acquire defensive alkaloids from their arthropod diet of ants and mites, although their dietary preferences have never been investigated. We conducted prey preference assays with the Dyeing Poison frog (<em>Dendrobates tinctorius</em>) to test the hypothesis that alkaloid load and prey traits influence frog dietary preferences. We tested size preferences (big versus small) within each of four prey groups (ants, beetles, flies, and fly larvae) and found that frogs preferred interacting with smaller prey items of the fly and beetle groups. Frog taxonomic prey preferences were also tested as we experimentally increased their chemical defense load by feeding frogs decahydroquinoline, an alkaloid compound similar to those naturally found in their diet. Contrary to our expectations, overall preferences did not change during alkaloid consumption, as frogs across groups preferred fly larvae over other prey. Finally, we assessed the protein and lipid content of prey items and found that small ants have the highest lipid content while large fly larvae have the highest protein content. Our results suggest that consideration of toxicity and prey nutritional value are important factors in understanding the evolution of acquired chemical defenses and niche partitioning as a whole.</p>
Poison frog dietary preference depends on prey type and alkaloid load
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Hunting habits die hard: Conserved prey preferences in army ants across two distant neotropical rainforests
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Aquatic top predator prefers terrestrial prey in an intermittent stream
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Prey-switching does not protect a generalist turtle from bioenergetic consequences when its preferred food is scarce
<p class="paragraph"><span><b>Background:</b> Optimal foraging theory explains how animals make foraging decisions based on the availability, nutritional content, and handling times of different food types. Generalists solve this problem by consuming a variety of food types, and switch between them with relative ease. Specialists eat few food types, and may starve if those food types are not available. We integrated stable isotope analyses with previously-published stomach contents and environmental data to investigate how the foraging ecologies of three sympatric freshwater turtle species vary across four wetlands that differ in turbidity and primary producer abundance. </span></p> <p class="paragraph"><span><b>Results:</b> We found that the generalist <i>Emydura</i><i> </i><i>macquarii</i> consumes a varied diet (but mostly filamentous green algae) when primary producers are available and water is clear, but switches to a more carnivorous diet when primary producers are scarce, following the predictions of optimal foraging theory. In contrast, two more-specialized carnivorous species, <i>Chelodina</i><i> </i><i>expansa</i> and <i>Chelodina</i><i> </i><i>longicollis</i>, do not differ in diet across wetlands, and interspecific competition may increase where <i>E. </i><i>macquarii</i> is carnivorous. When forced to be more carnivorous, <i>E. </i><i>macquarii</i> exhibits higher rates of empty stomachs, and female turtles have reduced body condition, but neither <i>Chelodina</i><i> </i>species are affected. </span></p> <p class="paragraph"><span><b>Conclusions: </b>Our results provide support for optimal foraging theory, but also show that the ability to change diet does not protect the generalist from experiencing lower foraging success when its preferred food is rare, with direct consequences for their energy budgets. Our results have conservation implications because wetlands in the Murray-Darling river system are increasingly turbid and have low macrophyte abundance, and all three species are declining.</span></p>
Response of lion demography and dynamics to the loss of preferred larger prey
Large carnivores are experiencing range contraction and population declines globally. Prey depletion due to illegal offtake is considered a major contributor, but the effects of prey depletion on large carnivore demography are rarely tested. We measured African lion density and tested the factors that affect survival using mark-recapture models fit to six years of data from known individuals in Kafue National Park (KNP), Zambia. KNP is affected by prey depletion, particularly for large herbivores that were preferred prey for KNP lions a half-century ago. This provides a unique opportunity to test whether variables that explain local prey density also affect lion survival. Average lion density within our study area was 3.43 individuals per 100 km2 (95% CI: 2.79 – 4.23), which was much lower than lion density reported for another miombo ecosystem with similar vegetation structure and rainfall that was less affected by prey depletion. Despite this, comparison to other lion populations showed that age- and sex-specific survival rates for KNP lions were generally good, and factors known to correlate with local prey density had small effects on lion survival. In contrast, recruitment of cubs was poor and average pride size was small. In particular, the proportion of the population comprised of 2nd year cubs was low, indicating that few cubs are recruited into the sub adult age class. Our findings suggest that low recruitment might be a better signal of low prey density than survival. Thus, describing a lion population's age structure in addition to average pride size may be a simple and effective method of initially evaluating whether a lion population is affected by prey depletion. These dynamics should be evaluated for other lion populations and other large carnivore species. Increased resource protection and reducing the underlying drivers of prey depletion are urgent conservation needs for lions and other large carnivores as their conservation is increasingly threatened by range contraction and population declines.
Data from: Aggressive jumping spiders make quicker decisions for preferred prey but not at the cost of accuracy
There has been an increasing interest in consistent interindividual differences in behavior (i.e., personality) in recent years. However, consistent interindividual differences in cognitive styles remain largely unexplored. Individual differences in cognitive styles are hypothesized to be functionally related to differences in personality types. It is assumed that proactive individuals make faster decisions at the expense of accuracy (i.e., the speed–accuracy trade-offs hypothesis). Here, we investigated the relationship between personality and speed–accuracy trade-off using Portia labiata, a specialized spider-eating jumping spider that exhibits excellent cognitive ability. We first established consistent individual differences in aggressiveness and decision-making in P. labiata. We then tested whether individual differences in aggressiveness could predict how fast and accurately P. labiata makes a prey-choice decision (a large vs. a small orb-web spider). We demonstrated that P. labiata exhibited individual differences not only in aggressiveness, but also in the speed of prey-choice decisions but not in the choices. Importantly, we found that aggressiveness was not related to the choice of the prey, but it predicted the speed of prey-choice decision: aggressive individuals were faster to make choices than docile ones but both chose large spiders as preferred prey. This suggests a lack of an association between a speed–accuracy trade-off and variation in personality types of P. labiata.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.