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38 results for “radiation: dynamics”
Reproduction package for the paper "Bottling the Champagne: Dynamics and Radiation Trapping of Wind-Driven Bubbles around Massive Stars"
<p>Research Data Management package for "Bottling the Champagne: Dynamics and Radiation Trapping of Wind-Driven Bubbles around Massive Stars"</p> <p>Authors: Sam Geen & Alex de Koter</p> <p>Status: Accepted by MNRAS<br> This package aims to provide a full data reproduction pipeline. Please see Readme.md for more information.</p>
Dynamic full-field imaging of rupture radiation: Material contrast governs source mechanism
<p>Datasets related to the research article 'Dynamic full-field imaging of rupture radiation: Material contrast governs source mechanism'. <br> A readme with the necessary Matlab code to load the data is included.<br> Tested on Matlab2020b</p> <p>For the analytic rupture radiation simulation code please check the linked github repository.</p>
Dataset associated with Banks et al.: "Dust aerosol from the Aralkum Desert influences the radiation budget and atmospheric dynamics of Central Asia"
<p>This dataset contains the COSMO-MUSCAT simulation output for the 'Dustbelt' (DUBLT) scenarios of Central Asian dust aerosol and associated radiative effects described by the paper "Radiative cooling and atmospheric perturbation effects of dust aerosol from the Aralkum Desert in Central Asia", written by Banks et al. and submitted to ACP in 2023. The paper was renamed "Dust aerosol from the Aralkum Desert influences the radiation budget and atmospheric dynamics of Central Asia" in 2024.</p>
Engineering the Radiative Dynamics of Thermalized Excitons with Metal Interfaces
<p>Here we analyze the emission properties of excitons in two metal structures: placed near a single metal (silver) interface and placed symmetrically at the center of a Fabry-Perot microcavity. The exciton is modeled as a point dipole and as an extended 2D dipole. With the momentum dependent emission rates for the extended exciton, we can also examine its temperature dependent behavior by applying a momentum distribution. We investigate the cases of a Maxwell-Boltzmann statistical distribution and a Bose-Einstein statistical distribution (since excitons form composite bosons). </p> <p>The dataset provided are the Mathematica codes used to generate the plots in our paper. The point dipole results are contained in the notebook files: Emission Rate 2, Multiple Interfaces, Multiple Interfaces_Par (1), and Multiple Interfaces_Perp. The extended exciton results are contained in the notebook files: Extended Exciton 2-3 and BE stats. </p>
Input and Output simulation data of the THOR GCM for the paper Dynamical and radiative effects resulting from the deep non-hydrostatic vs deep quasi-hydrostatic equations in the global circulation model THOR with an added non-grey radiative transfer scheme
<p>The input and ouput simulation data of the THOR GCM for Dynamical and radiative effects resulting from the deep non-hydrostatic vs deep quasi-hydrostatic equations in the global circulation model THOR with an added non-grey radiative transfer scheme</p> <p>Global circulation models (GCMs) play an important role in contemporary investigations of exoplanet atmospheres. Different GCMs evolve various sets of dynamical equations which can result in obtaining different atmospheric properties between models. In this study, we investigate the effect of different dynamical equation sets on the atmospheres of hot Jupiter exoplanets. We compare GCM simulations using the quasi-primitive dynamical equations (QHD) and the deep Navier-Stokes equations (NHD) in the GCM THOR. We utilise a two-stream non-grey "picket-fence" scheme to increase the realism of the radiative transfer scheme. We perform GCM simulations covering a wide parameter range grid of system parameters in the population of exoplanets. Our results show significant differences between simulations with the NHD and QHD equation sets at lower gravity, higher rotation rates or at higher irradiation temperatures. The parameter exploration shows the relevance of choosing dynamical equation sets dependent on system and planetary properties.Climate states of hot Jupiters seemed to be more diverse than previously thought. There are exceptions to prograde superrotation. Overall, our study shows the evolution of different climate states which arise just due to different selection of Navier-Stokes equations and approximations. We show the shortcomings of approximations in GCMs made for Earth, but used for non Earth-like planets.</p>
Rapid Outer Radiation Belt Flux Dropouts and Fast Acceleration during the March 2015 and 2013 Storms: The Role of ULF Wave Ttansport From a Dynamic Outer Boundary
<p>Duplicate copy of the electron phase space density provided for the Geospace Environment Modeling (GEM) challenge event in March 2013 selected by the <em>Quantitative Assessment of Radiation Belt Modeling</em> focus group. The original copy of the data is available from <a href="https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/0ByNhSbWkAgdfaGt6TnJMcElhUTg">https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/0ByNhSbWkAgdfaGt6TnJMcElhUTg</a></p> <p> </p> <p>Data Providers:<br> Michael G. Henderson (LANL; mghenderson@lanl.gov)<br> Steven K. Morley (LANL; smorley@lanl.gov)</p> <p>This data product provides electron phase space density from the Van Allen Probes<br> ECT suite of instruments. The data are calculated similarly to the method described<br> in Morley et al. (2013), with some differences that are noted below.</p> <p>The files are provided in HDF5 format, so the files are self-describing and contain<br> ISTP-style metadata. The files should be directly readable with:<br> - SpacePy (http://sourceforge.net/p/spacepy)<br> - import the spacepy.datamodel module, use the function fromHDF5 to read the data<br> - Autoplot (http://autoplot.org)<br> - MatLab and IDL provide convience routines for reading HDF5</p> <p>Method<br> ------<br> Starting with directional differential flux data from HOPE, MagEIS and REPT, we<br> calculate the PSD as a function of energy, pitch angle, position and time.<br> Following the same basic method given by Morley et al., we transform this to phase <br> space density as a function of the three adiabatic invariants (M, K, L*); note that<br> where Morley et al. used a relativistic Maxwellian fit to the flux spectrum, these<br> data use a smoothing spline fit so that more complex spectral shapes can be<br> represented. Note also that Morley et al. only used REPT, where these files represent<br> the energy ranges of MagEIS and REPT, but also use HOPE to constrain the fit at low<br> energies.</p> <p>While the pitch angles are determined using the EMFISIS data, all three adiabatic <br> invariants are derived from a magnetic field model. These PSD data files use the<br> Tsyganenko and Sitnov (2005) model (aka TS04, T05 or TS05). The models were run using<br> the "definitive" Qin-Denton data files provided by the RBSP ECT-SOC. These files<br> should be made available through the QARBM google drive. </p> <p><br> Caveats<br> -------<br> These data should be considered preliminary. They have undergone a limited amount of<br> verification and prior to publication the data providers should be contacted. New<br> versions of these data may be generated at some point - we do not expect noticeable <br> changes to the data present.<br> Some gaps may be present in the files that are due to calculation of the adiabatic <br> invariants failing. The issues causing these gaps have been resolved in the underlying <br> software, but the data have not yet been regenerated.</p> <p><br> References<br> ----------<br> Morley, S. K., M. G. Henderson, G. D. Reeves, R. H. W. Friedel, and D. N. Baker (2013), <br> Phase Space Density matching of relativistic electrons using the Van Allen Probes: REPT results,<br> Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 4798-4802, doi:10.1002/grl.50909.</p> <p>Tsyganenko, N. A., and M. I. Sitnov (2005), <br> Modeling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere during strong geomagnetic storms, <br> J. Geophys. Res., 110, A03208, doi:10.1029/2004JA010798.</p> <p> </p> <p>Also included is the copy of the LANLgeoMag software used in the paper provided on <a href="https://github.com/drsteve/LANLGeoMag">https://github.com/drsteve/LANLGeoMag</a> </p> <p>Copyright (c) 2014, Los Alamos National Security, LLC All rights reserved. Copyright 2014. Los Alamos National Security, LLC. This software was produced under U.S. Government contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 for Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), which is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government has rights to use, reproduce, and distribute this software. NEITHER THE GOVERNMENT NOR LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OR ASSUMES ANY LIABILITY FOR THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE. If software is modified to produce derivative works, such modified software should be clearly marked, so as not to confuse it with the version available from LANL.</p> <p>Additionally, redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. Neither the name of Los Alamos National Security, LLC, Los Alamos National Laboratory, LANL, the U.S. Government, nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL SECURITY, LLC OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</p> <p><br> </p>
Drivers and dynamics of a massive adaptive radiation in cichlid fishes
<p>Adaptive radiation is the likely source of much of the ecological and morphological diversity of life. How adaptive radiations proceed and what determines their extent remains elusive in most cases. Here we report the in-depth examination of the spectacular adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes in African Lake Tanganyika. Based on whole-genome phylogenetic analyses, multivariate morphological measurements of three ecologically relevant trait complexes (body shape, upper oral jaw morphology, and lower pharyngeal jaw shape), scoring of pigmentation patterns, and approximations of the ecology of virtually all ~240 cichlid species endemic to Lake Tanganyika, we show that the radiation occurred within the confines of the lake and that morphological diversification proceeded in consecutive trait-specific pulses of morphospace expansion. We provide empirical support for two theoretical predictions on how adaptive radiations proceed, the 'early-burst' scenario (for body shape) and the stages model (for all traits investigated). Through the analysis of two genomes per species and by taking advantage of the uneven distribution of species in subclades of the radiation, we further show that species richness scales positively with per individual heterozygosity, but is not correlated with transposable element content, number of gene duplications, or genome-wide levels of selection in coding sequences.</p>
Floating-Gate MOS Transistor with Dynamic Biasing as a Radiation Sensor (raw data from journal article)
<p>This upload contains raw data from the manuscript "Floating-Gate MOS Transistor with Dynamic Biasing as a Radiation Sensor". The manuscript was published in Sensors 20, no. 11 (2020): 3329; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20113329</p> <p>The upload consists of .pdf file of the manuscript and .vsz files with raw data related to the figures in the manuscript. Each .vsz file is linked with raw data from the text files (.txt) and placed in a folder with the name and ordinal number of the figure in the publication. Additionally, a .pdf output file of the Veusz program (freely available) is placed in each folder.</p> <p>This work was supported in part by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant No. 857558) and the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project No. 43011).</p>
Data from: Diversification dynamics in Caribbean rain frogs (Eleutherodactylus) are uncoupled from the anuran community and consistent with adaptive radiation
<p><span>Adaptive radiation</span><span> is proposed to play a key role in generating differences in species richness among lineages and geographic regions. Due to the importance of ecological divergence in adaptive radiation, species richness is predicted to be influenced by equilibrium diversity dynamics, although the concept continues to generate much debate. An additional important question is whether radiating clades have intrinsic biological characteristics that make them particularly prone to diversify. We tackle these questions by analyzing <em>i</em>) the temporal patterns of diversification of Caribbean <em>Eleutherodactylus</em> frogs, and <em>ii</em>) assembly of the complete native anuran community of the Caribbean archipelago (197 species), testing for the presence of equilibrium dynamics and whether diversification patterns of <em>Eleutherodactylus</em> differ from those of the rest of the Caribbean anurans. Diversification rates follow the predicted pattern of rapid diversification early in the radiation, which gradually decreases towards the present. <em>Eleutherodactylus</em> diversification is significantly faster than that of the Caribbean anuran community, and although equilibrium dynamics influence richness of all Caribbean anurans, <em>Eleutherodactylus</em> shows higher carrying capacity. Our results indicate that ecological opportunity <em>per se</em> is not sufficient for adaptive radiation and that diverse lineages present intrinsic characteristics that enable them to make the most of available opportunity.</span></p>
Data from: Diversification dynamics in Caribbean rain frogs (Eleutherodactylus) are uncoupled from the anuran community and consistent with adaptive radiation
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Drivers and dynamics of a massive adaptive radiation in cichlid fishes
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Data from: Colonize, radiate, decline: unraveling the dynamics of island community assembly with Fijian trap-jaw ants
<p>The study of island community assembly has been fertile ground for developing and testing theoretical ideas in ecology and evolution. The eco-evolutionary trajectory of lineages after colonization has been a particular interest, as this is a key component of understanding community assembly. In this system, existing ideas such as the taxon cycle posit that lineages pass through a regular sequence of eco-evolutionary changes after colonization, with lineages shifting toward reduced dispersal ability, increased ecological specialization, and declines in abundance. However, these predictions have historically been difficult to test. Here, we integrate phylogenomics, population genomics, and x-ray microtomography/3D morphometrics, to test hypotheses for whether the ecomorphological diversity of trap-jaw ants (<i>Strumigenys</i>) in the Fijian archipelago is assembled primarily through colonization or post-colonization radiation, and whether species show ecological shifts toward niche specialization, toward upland habitats, and decline in abundance after colonization. We infer that most Fijian endemic <i>Strumigenys</i> evolved <i>in situ</i> from a single colonization and have diversified to fill a large fraction of global morphospace occupied by the genus. Within this adaptive radiation, lineages trend to different degrees toward high elevation, reduced dispersal ability, and demographic decline, and we find no evidence of repeated colonization that displaces the initial radiation. Overall these results are only partially consistent with taxon cycle and associated ideas, while highlighting the potential role of priority effects in assembling island communities.</p>
Data from: Herbivory promotes dental disparification and macroevolutionary dynamics in grunters (Teleostei: Terapontidae), a freshwater adaptive radiation
Trophic shifts into new adaptive zones have played major (although often conflicting) roles in reshaping the evolutionary trajectories of many lineages. We analyze data on diet, tooth, and oral morphology and relate these traits to phenotypic disparification and lineage diversification rates across the ecologically diverse Terapontidae, a family of Australasian fishes. In contrast to carnivores and most omnivores, which have retained relatively simple, ancestral caniniform tooth shapes, herbivorous terapontids appear to have evolved a variety of novel tooth shapes at significantly faster rates to meet the demands of plant-based diets. The evolution of herbivory prompted major disparification, significantly expanding the terapontid adaptive phenotypic continuum into an entirely novel functional morphospace. There was minimal support for our hypothesis of faster overall rates of integrated tooth shape, spacing, and jaw biomechanical evolution in herbivorous terapontids in their entirety, compared with other trophic strategies. There was, however, considerable support for accelerated disparification within a diverse freshwater clade containing a range of specialized freshwater herbivores. While the evolutionary transition to herbivorous diets has played a central role in terapontid phenotypic diversification by pushing herbivores toward novel fitness peaks, there was little support for herbivory driving significantly higher lineage diversification compared with background rates across the family.
Data from: Geographic and temporal dynamics of a global radiation and diversification in the killer whale
Global climate change during the Late Pleistocene periodically encroached and then released habitat during the glacial cycles, causing range expansions and contractions in some species. These dynamics have played a major role in geographic radiations, diversification and speciation. We investigate these dynamics in the most widely distributed of marine mammals, the killer whale (Orcinus orca), using a global data set of over 450 samples. This marine top predator inhabits coastal and pelagic ecosystems ranging from the ice edge to the tropics, often exhibiting ecological, behavioural and morphological variation suggestive of local adaptation accompanied by reproductive isolation. Results suggest a rapid global radiation occurred over the last 350 000 years. Based on habitat models, we estimated there was only a 15% global contraction of core suitable habitat during the last glacial maximum, and the resources appeared to sustain a constant global effective female population size throughout the Late Pleistocene. Reconstruction of the ancestral phylogeography highlighted the high mobility of this species, identifying 22 strongly supported long-range dispersal events including interoceanic and interhemispheric movement. Despite this propensity for geographic dispersal, the increased sampling of this study uncovered very few potential examples of ancestral dispersal among ecotypes. Concordance of nuclear and mitochondrial data further confirms genetic cohesiveness, with little or no current gene flow among sympatric ecotypes. Taken as a whole, our data suggest that the glacial cycles influenced local populations in different ways, with no clear global pattern, but with secondary contact among lineages following long-range dispersal as a potential mechanism driving ecological diversification.
Data from: Speciation dynamics during the global radiation of extant bats
Species richness varies widely across extant clades, but the causes of this variation remain poorly understood. We investigate the role of diversification rate heterogeneity in shaping patterns of diversity across families of extant bats. To provide a robust framework for macroevolutionary inference, we assemble a time-calibrated, species-level phylogeny using a supermatrix of mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. We analyze the phylogeny using a Bayesian method for modeling complex evolutionary dynamics. Surprisingly, we find that variation in family richness can largely be explained without invoking heterogeneous diversification dynamics. We document only a single well-supported shift in diversification dynamics across bats, occurring at the base of the subfamily Stenodermatinae. Bat diversity is phylogenetically imbalanced, but - contrary to previous hypotheses - this pattern is unexplained by any simple patterns of diversification rate heterogeneity. This discordance may indicate that diversification dynamics are more complex than can be captured using the statistical tools available for modeling data at this scale. We infer that bats as a whole are almost entirely united into one macroevolutionary cohort, with decelerating speciation through time. There is also a significant relationship between clade age and richness, suggesting that global bat diversity may still be expanding.
Data from: Speciation dynamics during the global radiation of extant bats
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Data from: Mass turnover and recovery dynamics of a diverse Australian continental radiation
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Data from: Geographic and temporal dynamics of a global radiation and diversification in the killer whale
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Data from: Colonize, radiate, decline: unraveling the dynamics of island community assembly with Fijian trap-jaw ants
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Data from: Herbivory promotes dental disparification and macroevolutionary dynamics in grunters (Teleostei: Terapontidae), a freshwater adaptive radiation
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.