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8 results for “rainfall interception”
Intercepted rainfall in Valladolid city
<p>When rain falls on to a vegetated surface (gross rainfall), a part is intercepted by the canopy and evaporated directly back into the atmosphere (interception loss). The remainder of the rainfall reaches the ground (net rainfall) both through gaps and by dripping from the canopy (through fall), or by running down the main stem (stem flow). The canopy storage capacity is the minimum amount of water necessary to completely saturate the canopy surface. The maximum storage capacity of a leaf ranges from 1 to 2 l/m<sup>2</sup>. </p> <p>In case of a low rainfalls (<5 mm/m<sup>2</sup>), the intercepcion capacity and the rainfall are similar. For a heavier rainfall, the interception is about 10% of the precipitation. In a simplified mode, the interception can be calculated as the product of the rainfall and a coefficient α, which depends on the type of vegetation cover. In wet areas with a huge vegetated cover, α varies from 0.1 to 0.2 and its is 0 in arid regions. </p>
Global rainfall interception loss based on the global vD-B model
<p>This repository contains datasets required for the paper titled "Multi-decadal dynamics of global rainfall interception and their drivers", including</p> <ol> <li>Annual Ei based on the global vD-B model for the period 1981-2020</li> <li>Annual Ei under different scenarios based on the global vD-B model</li> <li>Annual vegetation storage capacity (Sv) and canopy cover (cc), </li> <li>The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)</li> <li>Annual Ei from other datasets, including GLEAM v3.8a, PML_MOD, PML_AVHRR</li> <li>Annual P from MSWEP v2.8 and ED from GLEAM 4 (exclude snow periods)<br><br> </li> </ol>
Canopy interception loss of rainfall
<p>Global data of rainfall interception loss (Ei) for the 2000-2020 period, available at 0.5degree and monthly scale. The Ei flux is first separated from eddy covariance measurements of ET using two hybrid machine learning models, and then upscaled to the globe forced by satellite-observed vegetation attributes and ERA5 metereological conditions. </p>
Data for: Steal the rain: Interception loses and rainfall partitioning by a broad-leaf and a fine-leaf woody encroaching species in a southern African semi-arid savanna
<p><span>Woody plant encroachment (WPE) has been found to alter ecosystem functioning and services in savannas. In rain-limited savannas, increasing woody cover can reduce streamflow and groundwater by altering </span>evapotranspiration rates and rainfall partitioning<span>, but the ecological relevance of this impact is not well known. </span><span>This study quantified the altered partitioning of rainfall by two woody plant structural types (fine- and broad-leaved trees) across a gradient of encroachment in a semi-arid savanna in South Africa. Averaged across both plant functional types, loss of rainfall through canopy interception and subsequent evaporation roughly doubled (from 20.5</span> to <span>43.6% of total rainfall) with a roughly 13-fold increase in woody cover (from 2.4 to </span>31.4 m<sup>2</sup>/ha tree basal cover). Spatial partitioning changes comprised <span>fourfold increases in stemflow (from 0.8</span> to <span>3.9% of total rainfall) and a decline in throughfall proportion of about two-fifths (from 80.2% to 47.3% of total rainfall). </span>Changes in partitioning were dependent on plant functional type; rainfall interception by the fine-leaved multi-stemmed shrub <em>Dichrostachys</em> <em>cinerea</em> was almost double that of the broad-leaved tree <em>Terminalia sericea</em> at the highest levels of woody encroachment (i.e., 49.7% vs 29.1% of total rainfall intercepted at tree basal area of 31.4 m<sup>2</sup>/ha). Partitioning was also dependent on rainfall characteristics, with the proportion of rainfall intercepted inversely related to rainfall event size and intensity. Therefore, increasing tree cover in African grassy ecosystems reduces the amount of canopy throughfall, especially beneath canopies of fine-leaved species in smaller rainfall events. Rainfall interception traits may thus confer a selective advantage, especially for fine-leaved woody plant species in semi-arid savannas. </p>
Data for: Steal the rain: Interception loses and rainfall partitioning by a broad-leaf and a fine-leaf woody encroaching species in a southern African semi-arid savanna
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Data for: The effects of leaf traits on litter rainfall interception with consequences for runoff and soil conservation
<ol> <li><span>During rainfall, plant litter interception regulates overland flow with an impact on water runoff generation and sediment displacement. Besides the rainfall characteristics, the effects of litter mass, thickness, storage and drainage properties on rainfall interception are reasonably well understood. In contrast, less is known about the influence of leaf traits, which we hypothesized to affect interception, soil hydrology and conservation via litter structure assembly. </span></li> <li><span>We measured the runoff and soil loss generation as determined by litter layer structural and hydraulic properties of 16 coexisting tropical woody species with wide-range morphological leaf traits in a rainfall simulator experiment. </span></li> <li><span>Our results show that litter produced by coexisting species can differ in precipitation interception, thereby influencing runoff and soil loss. This is because there is important interspecific variation in litter water storage and drainage, which are negatively affected by leaf area. Leaf water repellency positively affected litter water storage. Moreover, leaf area also negatively affected litter layer density. Litter density, in turn, increased runoff, but decreased soil loss, possibly due to protection against splash erosion. </span></li> <li> <span>T</span><span>hese results can be used to predict the effects of plant traits on the soil water balance and soil integrity protection through ecohydrological interception by the litter layer. The next research steps will be to extend our model to multiple-species litter layers and to validate and calibrate our model in different field situations in different ecosystems.</span> </li> </ol>
Experimental investigation on rainfall interception characteristics of typical slope protection grasses
<p>The data uploaded here supports the paper submitted to the Water Resources Research"Experimental investigation on rainfall interception characteristics of typical slope protection grasses".</p>
Data for: The effects of leaf traits on litter rainfall interception with consequences for runoff and soil conservation
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