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4 results for “rainfall partitioning”
Global patterns of rainfall partitioning by invasive woody plants
<p>Aim: Invasive species have the potential to alter hydrological processes by changing the local water balance. However, general patterns of how rainfall is partitioned into interception, throughfall and stemflow for invasive species worldwide have been seldom explored. We (a) describe the percentage of interception, throughfall and stemflow for the invasive woody plant species; (b) analyse the influence of morphological attributes (i.e., life-form, bark roughness, leaf type, leaf phenology and leaf area index) of invasive species on rainfall partitioning; and (c) compare the rainfall partitioning fluxes for co-occurring invasive and native species, testing whether these fluxes variation depends on water availability of the study location.</p> <p>Location: Global.</p> <p>Time period: Present.</p> <p>Major taxa studied: Plants.</p> <p>Methods: We compiled data of 100 studies that assessed rainfall partitioning by invasive species (N=67) and registered their morphological attributes. By means of a meta-analysis we compared the rainfall partitioning by native and invasive species (N=47 comparisons) and assessed how their fluxes were affected by water availability.</p> <p>Results: Interception, throughfall and stemflow ranged from 1.6 - 59.5%, 39.1 - 92.7% and 0.1 - 31.6% of total rainfall, respectively. The bark roughness and leaf type were the most important attributes driving rainfall partitioning fluxes. While rough-barked species constrain rainfall inputs by promoting higher losses due to interception, smooth-barked species with broadleaves enhance the amount of rainwater reaching the soil by maximizing stemflow. For pair-wise comparisons, invasive species have higher stemflow values than native species for both drylands and humid areas, and higher throughfall in drylands, but less in humid areas.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Our findings suggest that specific morphological attributes of invasive species determine higher localized water inputs, which may represent an ecohydrological advantage, particularly in water-limited ecosystems. These insights also suggest that the ecological role of stemflow, throughfall and interception should be considered in future plant invasions research.</p>
Data for: Steal the rain: Interception loses and rainfall partitioning by a broad-leaf and a fine-leaf woody encroaching species in a southern African semi-arid savanna
<p><span>Woody plant encroachment (WPE) has been found to alter ecosystem functioning and services in savannas. In rain-limited savannas, increasing woody cover can reduce streamflow and groundwater by altering </span>evapotranspiration rates and rainfall partitioning<span>, but the ecological relevance of this impact is not well known. </span><span>This study quantified the altered partitioning of rainfall by two woody plant structural types (fine- and broad-leaved trees) across a gradient of encroachment in a semi-arid savanna in South Africa. Averaged across both plant functional types, loss of rainfall through canopy interception and subsequent evaporation roughly doubled (from 20.5</span> to <span>43.6% of total rainfall) with a roughly 13-fold increase in woody cover (from 2.4 to </span>31.4 m<sup>2</sup>/ha tree basal cover). Spatial partitioning changes comprised <span>fourfold increases in stemflow (from 0.8</span> to <span>3.9% of total rainfall) and a decline in throughfall proportion of about two-fifths (from 80.2% to 47.3% of total rainfall). </span>Changes in partitioning were dependent on plant functional type; rainfall interception by the fine-leaved multi-stemmed shrub <em>Dichrostachys</em> <em>cinerea</em> was almost double that of the broad-leaved tree <em>Terminalia sericea</em> at the highest levels of woody encroachment (i.e., 49.7% vs 29.1% of total rainfall intercepted at tree basal area of 31.4 m<sup>2</sup>/ha). Partitioning was also dependent on rainfall characteristics, with the proportion of rainfall intercepted inversely related to rainfall event size and intensity. Therefore, increasing tree cover in African grassy ecosystems reduces the amount of canopy throughfall, especially beneath canopies of fine-leaved species in smaller rainfall events. Rainfall interception traits may thus confer a selective advantage, especially for fine-leaved woody plant species in semi-arid savannas. </p>
Global patterns of rainfall partitioning by invasive woody plants
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Data for: Steal the rain: Interception loses and rainfall partitioning by a broad-leaf and a fine-leaf woody encroaching species in a southern African semi-arid savanna
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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