Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
23
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
23 results for “ranavirus”
Data from: Is exposure to chytrid fungus and ranavirus higher in ponds invaded by American bullfrogs?
<p>Data associated with manuscript: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-025-03648-8<br><br>The spread of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) and non-native invasive species are interconnected processes driving biodiversity loss. A key example involves Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and ranavirus (Rv), pathogens contributing to global amphibian declines. Their occurrence has been linked to invasive American bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) serving as asymptomatic vectors. To determine the relationship between Bd and Rv exposure and bullfrogs, we investigated whether pathogen occurrence and environmental loads are correlated with the presence and density of bullfrogs and whether the seasonal variation in Bd exposure is related to bullfrog phenology. We sampled 157 ponds in Belgium, including four with known bullfrog and Bd presence that were monitored monthly for two years, using quantitative environmental DNA (eDNA) barcoding. We validated a duplexed assay that simultaneously targets Bd and Rv, and we quantified eDNA concentrations of bullfrogs, Bd, and Rv serving as proxies for density and pathogen loads. Bd was detected more frequently when bullfrogs were present and both the frequency of detection and environmental loads of Bd increased in ponds with high bullfrog densities. In contrast, Rv detection likelihood and load were not significantly related to bullfrog presence or density. Seasonal fluctuations in Bd loads varied between ponds with and without breeding activity. In the former, Bd was consistently detected, likely due to overwintering tadpoles. In the latter, Bd loads varied throughout the year, with peak loads coinciding with juvenile immigration. Collectively, our findings indicate that amphibian exposure to Bd, but not Rv, is higher in areas and periods where bullfrogs are present and occur at high densities</p>
Fig. 3 in Ranavirus and helminth parasite co-infection in invasive American bullfrogs in the Atlantic forest, Brazil
Fig. 3. (a) The negative relationship between log-transformed Nematoda abundance and Ranavirus load (copies-ng; P <0.05). Points represent individuals that tested positive for Ranavirus infection with viral load assay data (N = 12). The nematode abundances in Ranavirus-negative individuals are shown on the x-axis. (b) The relationship between log-transformed total macroparasite abundance and bullfrog snout-vent length (cm) and Ranavirus infection status with fitted regression lines (P <0.001). Data represent individuals from sites that had at least one Ranavirus infection (4 sites, N = 35).
Fig. 2 in Ranavirus and helminth parasite co-infection in invasive American bullfrogs in the Atlantic forest, Brazil
Fig. 2. (a) Observed occurrence matrix of presence (red cells) and absence (white cells) of Ranavirus and helminth taxa (6 rows) infection in individual bullfrogs (Aquarana catesbeiana; 65 columns). (b) Simulated occurrence matrix (65 columns, one null matrix out of 1000 simulations). (c) Distribution of simulated cooccurrence metric (blue histogram bars; 1000 null matrices). Vertical red line = observed co-occurrence metric. Dashed vertical lines = 95% and 99% confidence intervals. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in Ranavirus and helminth parasite co-infection in invasive American bullfrogs in the Atlantic forest, Brazil
Fig. 1. Distribution of helminth macroparasite taxa and Ranavirus infection status and prevalence across sampling locations. The thick gray outline shown in the inset map of Brazil highlights the states where American bullfrog (Aquarana catesbeiana) sampling took place (SP = S˜ao Paulo, PR = Paran´a, SC = Santa Catarina). Green shading represents tropical and subtropical forest biomes. Sample locations included Embu das Artes (Site 1, N = 13), Piedade (Site 2, N = 10), and Iporanga (Site 3, N = 4) in S˜ao Paulo; Quatro Barras (Site 4, N = 10), Piraquara (5, N = 2), and S˜ao Jose´dos Pinhais (Site 6, N = 4) in Paran´a; and Blumenau (Site 7, N = 9), Urubici (Site 8, N = 10), and Chapeco´(Site 9, N = 3) in Santa Catarina. Helminth pie chart size corresponds to average helminth abundance in bullfrogs. Differences in helminth taxa richness (P <0.001) and evenness (PIE; P <0.001) were detected; however, helminth abundance did not differ among sites between collection sites. Sites where Ranavirus was detected (N = 4) have a corresponding pie chart, in which the size corresponds to average viral load (copies-ng) per individual at a site. Estimated Ranavirus prevalence among the positive sites did not differ significantly (P = 0.06). Viral load of positive individuals differed among sites (P <0.05), but differences were driven by the high load found in the single Blumenau (Site 7) Ranavirus-positive bullfrog. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Data for: Testing the population-level effects of stress-induced susceptibility in the ranavirus-wood frog system
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Salinity stress increases the severity of ranavirus epidemics in amphibian populations
The stress-induced susceptibility hypothesis, which predicts chronic stress weakens immune defenses, was proposed to explain increasing infectious disease-related mass mortality and population declines. Previous work characterized wetland salinization as a chronic stressor to larval amphibian populations. Thus, we combined field observations with experimental exposures quantifying epidemiological parameters to test the role of salinity stress in the occurrence of ranavirus-associated mass mortality events. Despite ubiquitous pathogen presence (94%), populations exposed to salt runoff had slightly more frequent ranavirus related mass mortality events, more lethal infections, and 117-times greater pathogen environmental DNA. Experimental exposure to chronic elevated salinity (0.8-1.6 g/L Cl-) reduced tolerance to infection, causing greater mortality at lower doses. We found a strong negative relationship between splenocyte proliferation and corticosterone in ranavirus-infected larvae at a moderate elevation of salinity, supporting glucocorticoid-medicated immunosuppression, but not at high salinity. Salinity alone reduced proliferation further at similar corticosterone levels and infection intensities. Finally, larvae raised in elevated salinity had 10-times more intense infections and shed 5-times as much virus with similar viral decay rates, suggesting increased transmission. Our findings illustrate how a small change in habitat quality leads to more lethal infections and potentially greater transmission efficiency, increasing the severity of ranavirus epidemics.
Data from: Widespread amphibian Perkinsea infections associated with Ranidae hosts, cooler months, and Ranavirus co-infection
<p>Amphibians suffer from large-scale population declines globally, and emerging infectious diseases contribute heavily to these declines. Amphibian Perkinsea (Pr) is a worldwide anuran pathogen associated with mass mortality events, yet little is known about its epidemiological patterns, especially in comparison to the body of literature on amphibian chytridiomycosis and ranavirosis. </p> <p>Here, we establish Pr infection patterns in natural anuran populations and identify important covariates including climate, host attributes, and co-infection with Ranavirus (Rv). </p> <p>We used quantitative (q)PCR to determine the presence and intensity of Pr and Rv across 1234 individuals sampled throughout central Florida in 2017-2019. We then implemented random forest ensemble learning models to predict infection with both pathogens based on physiological and environmental characteristics. </p> <p>Perkinsea infected 32% of all sampled anurans, and Pr prevalence was significantly elevated in Ranidae frogs, cooler months, metamorphosed individuals, and frogs co-infected with Rv, while Pr intensity was significantly higher in ranid frogs and individuals collected dead. Ranavirus prevalence was 17% overall and was significantly higher in Ranidae frogs, metamorphosed individuals, locations with higher average temperatures, and individuals co-infected with Pr. Perkinsea prevalence was significantly higher than Rv prevalence across months, regions, life stages, and species. Among locations, Pr prevalence was negatively associated with crayfish prevalence and positively associated with relative abundance of microhylids, but Rv prevalence did not associate with any tested co-variates. Co-infections were significantly more common than single infections for both pathogens, and we propose that Pr infections may propel Rv infections because seasonal Rv infection peaks followed Pr infection peaks and random forest models found Pr intensity was a leading factor explaining Rv infections. </p> <p>Our study elucidates epidemiological patterns of Pr in Florida and suggests that Pr may be under-recognized as a cause of anuran declines, especially in the context of pathogen co-infection.</p>
Data from: Widespread amphibian Perkinsea infections associated with Ranidae hosts, cooler months, and Ranavirus co-infection
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Salinity stress increases the severity of ranavirus epidemics in amphibian populations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Detection of spatiotemporal variation in Ranavirus distribution using eDNA
<p class="BodyA"><a name="_Hlk20505432">Amphibian population declines have been associated with emerging diseases including ranaviruses, which can cause mass die-offs across entire amphibian communities. Understanding and mitigating disease spread requires knowledge of spatial and temporal patterns of pathogen distribution, but also how environmental factors influence pathogen occurrence. We applied environmental DNA (eDNA) detection tools to survey spatial and temporal distributions of ranaviruses by sampling 103 waterbodies in southeastern Ontario, Canada, and assessed the role of abiotic factors as predictors of pathogen occurrence. Ten waterbodies sampled during June-August (>30 km between sites) revealed that ranavirus was marginally more prevalent (<i>p </i>= 0.055) during the latter part of the summer. Ninety-three sites sampled at a finer scale (<10km between sites) exhibited seasonal variability in ranavirus detection (site prevalence: 56% May; 66% July). Occupancy modeling revealed that wetland size and elevation influenced ranavirus<i> </i>occurrence while sampling date and water temperature influenced probability of detection. These findings indicate that biotic factors, such as host density and alternative hosts, should be investigated further as likely determinants of ranavirus prevalence across the landscape. Further, these results highlight the sensitivity of eDNA for detecting widespread presence of ranavirus, and that abiotic factors may have a limited role in determining its prevalence and infectivity.</a></p>
Ranavirus infection-induced avoidance behavior in wood frog juveniles: Do amphibians socially distance?
<p>Hosts may limit exposure to pathogens through changes in behavior, such as avoiding infected individuals or contaminated areas. Here, we tested for a behavioral response to ranavirus infection in juvenile wood frogs (<em>Rana sylvatica</em>) because the majority of dispersal between populations occurs during this life stage. We hypothesized that if infections are transmissible and detectable at this life stage, then susceptibles would display avoidance behaviors when introduced to an infected conspecific. Despite no apparent signs of infection, we observed a greater distance between susceptible-infected pairs, compared to pairs of either two infected or two susceptible animals. Further, distances between susceptible-infected pairs were positively related to the infection intensity of the focal exposed frog, suggesting the cue to avoid infected conspecifics may become more detectable with more intense infections. Although we did not quantify whether transmission was affected by their distancing, our findings suggest that juvenile frogs have the potential to reduce terrestrial transmission of ranaviruses through avoidance behaviors.</p>
Experimental evidence that host species composition alters host-pathogen dynamics in a ranavirus-amphibian assemblage
<p>Losses in biodiversity can alter disease risk through changes in host species composition. Host species vary in pathogen susceptibility and competence. Yet how changes in diversity alter host-pathogen dynamics remains unclear in many systems, particularly with respect to generalist pathogens. Amphibians are experiencing worldwide population declines linked to generalist pathogens, such as ranavirus, and thus represent an ideal group to investigate how host species composition affects disease risk. We conducted experiments where individuals in the laboratory and assemblages of three amphibian species (Pacific tree frogs, Pseudacris regilla; Cascades frogs, Rana cascadae; and Western toads, Anaxyrus boreas) or just A. boreas alone in outdoor mesocosms were exposed to ranavirus as larvae. In laboratory experiment, we observed low survival and high viral loads in P. regilla compared to the other species suggesting that this species was highly susceptible to the pathogen. In the mesocosm experiment, we observed 41% A. boreas mortality when alone and 98% mortality when maintained with P. regilla and R. cascadae. Our results suggest that the presence of highly susceptible species can alter disease dynamics across multiple species, potentially increasing infection risk and mortality in co-occurring species.</p>
Prevalence of Ranavirus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, B. salamandrivorans, and Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in Amphibians and Reptiles of North Carolina, USA
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>The viral pathogen<b> </b><i>Ranavirus</i> (<i>Rv</i>) and the fungal pathogens <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (<i>Bd</i>), <i>B. salamandrivorans </i>(<i>Bsal</i>), and <i>Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola</i> (<i>Oo</i>) infect amphibians and reptiles. In recent years, there has been increased interest in reporting the occurrences of these pathogens. North Carolina, USA has a rich diversity of amphibians and reptiles, and is notably the most species-rich U.S. state in salamanders. We assessed prevalence of <i>Rv</i>, <i>Bd</i>, <i>Bsal</i>, and <i>Oo </i>in a broad taxonomic and geographic representation of amphibians and reptiles in North Carolina. Non-lethal skin swabs were taken using standardized methods from 718 amphibians and 254 reptiles, most of which were wild caught across North Carolina, with some captive individuals from living collections at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences and North Carolina State University Veterinary College. The presence and quantity of <i>Rv</i>, <i>Bd</i>, <i>Bsal, </i>or <i>Oo</i> DNA in the swabs was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). <i>Rv </i>was found in 29% of the amphibians and reptiles that were tested, <i>Bd</i> was found in 14% of the frogs and salamanders tested, and <i>Oo </i>was found in 10% of the snakes tested. Presence of <i>Bd</i> was positively associated with presence of <i>Rv</i> in frogs but not in salamanders. <i>Rv</i>, <i>Bd</i>, <i>Bsal, </i>and <i>Oo</i> were found in a wide variety of species and across the state. As none of the individuals sampled were apparently sick or coming from populations with recent mass die-off or mortality events, this research suggests that these three pathogens are probably endemic to North Carolina and found naturally in wild populations. <i>Bsal</i> was not found in any samples, consistent with the finding that this pathogen has not yet been detected in the wild anywhere else in the USA. As this pathogen is associated with wild salamander die-offs in Europe, its introduction into salamander-rich North Carolina could be catastrophic. Hence efforts to continue to monitor for <i>Bsal</i> and prevent its introduction into the USA remain very important.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Do scavengers prevent or promote disease transmission? The effect of invertebrate scavenging on Ranavirus transmission
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Detection of spatiotemporal variation in Ranavirus distribution using eDNA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Ranavirus infection-induced avoidance behavior in wood frog juveniles: Do amphibians socially distance?
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Experimental evidence that host species composition alters host-pathogen dynamics in a ranavirus-amphibian assemblage
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Evaluating environmental DNA-based quantification of ranavirus infection in wood frog populations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Prevalence of Ranavirus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, B. salamandrivorans, and Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola in Amphibians and Reptiles of North Carolina, USA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Environmental dependency of amphibian-ranavirus genotypic interactions: evolutionary perspectives on infectious diseases
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.