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7 results for “range residency”
Dead litter of resident species first facilitates and then inhibits sequential life stages of range-expanding species
<p>1. Resident species can facilitate invading species (biotic assistance) or inhibit their expansion (biotic resistance). Species interactions are often context-dependent and the relative importance of biotic assistance versus resistance could vary with abiotic conditions or the life stage of the invading species, as invader stress tolerances and resource requirements change with ontogeny. In northeast Florida salt marshes, the abundant dead litter (wrack) of the native marsh cordgrass, <em>Spartina alterniflora</em>, could influence the expansion success of the black mangrove, <em>Avicennia germinans</em>, a tropical species that is expanding its range northward.</p> <p>2. We used two field experiments to examine how <em>S. alterniflora</em> wrack affects <em>A. germinans</em> success during 1) propagule establishment and 2) subsequent seedling survival. We also conducted laboratory feeding assays to identify propagule consumers and assess how wrack presence influences herbivory on mangrove propagules.</p> <p>3. <em>S. alterniflora</em> wrack facilitated <em>A. germinans </em>establishment by promoting propagule recruitment, retention, and rooting; the tidal regime influenced the magnitude of these effects. However, over time <em>S. alterniflora</em> wrack inhibited <em>A. germinans</em> seedling success by smothering seedlings and attracting herbivore consumers. Feeding assays identified rodents – which seek refuge in wrack – as consumers of<em> A. germinans </em>propagules.</p> <p>4. Synthesis: Our results suggest that the deleterious effects of <em>S. alterniflora</em> wrack on <em>A. germinans</em> seedling survival counterbalance the initial beneficial effects of wrack on <em>A. germinans</em> seed establishment. Such seed-seedling conflicts can arise when species stress tolerances and resource requirements change throughout development and vary with abiotic conditions. In concert with the tidal conditions, the relative importance of positive and negative interactions with wrack at each life stage can influence the rate of local and regional mangrove expansion. Because interaction strengths can change in direction and magnitude with ontogeny, it is essential to examine resident-invader interactions at multiple life stages and across environmental gradients to uncover the mechanisms of assistance and resistance during invasion.</p>
Dead litter of resident species first facilitates and then inhibits sequential life stages of range-expanding species
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Predators balance consequences of climate-change induced habitat shifts for range-shifting and resident species
<p>While many species distributions are shifting poleward or up in elevation in response to a changing climate, others are shifting their habitats along localized gradients in environmental conditions as abiotic conditions become more stressful. Whether species are moving across regional or local environmental gradients in response to climate change, range-shifting species become embedded in established communities of competitors and predators. The consequences of these shifts for both resident and shifting species are often unknown, as it can be difficult to isolate the effects of multiple species interactions.</p> <p>Using a model system of insects in high-elevation ponds in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, we sought to disentangle the effects of predation and intraguild interactions on the survival and development of a semi-permanent pond resident caddisfly <em>Limnephilus externus</em> and the habitat-shifting caddis <em>Asynarchus nigriculus</em> that is being forced into semi-permanent ponds as temporary ponds dry too quickly to complete development.</p> <p>We conducted a manipulative in-situ pond cage experiment in which <em>L. externus</em> and <em>A. nigriculus</em> caddisfly larvae in single-species treatments and together were exposed to the presence/absence of predatory Dytiscus diving beetle larvae. This approach allowed us to isolate the effects of intraguild interactions and predation on the survival and development of both the resident and habitat-shifting species.</p> <p>We found that intraguild interactions had strong negative effects on the resident and habitat-shifting species. Intraguild interactions reduced the survival of the resident <em>L. externus</em> and increased the variation in survival of the shifting <em>A. nigriculus</em>. However, Dytiscus predators reduced these negative effects, stabilizing the community by increasing <em>L. externus</em> survival and reducing variation in <em>A. nigriculus</em> survival. We also found that intraguild interactions reduced <em>L. externus</em> biomass but resulted in increased <em>A. nigriculus</em> development. <em>A. nigriculus</em> development was also increased by predation.</p> <p>Our results show that strong intraguild interactions between resident and shifting species are likely to have negative consequences for both species. However, the presence of predators reduces these negative consequences of the habitat shift on both the resident and the shifting.</p>
Data from: Season and site fidelity determine home range of dispersing and resident juvenile Greenland cod (Gadus ogac) in a Newfoundland fjord
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Predators balance consequences of climate-change induced habitat shifts for range-shifting and resident species
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Elevation alters outcome of competition between resident and range-shifting species
<p>Species' geographic range shifts towards higher latitudes and elevations are among the most frequently reported consequences of climate change. However, the role of species interactions in setting range margins remains poorly understood. We used cage experiments in ponds to test competing hypotheses about the role of abiotic and biotic mechanisms for structuring range boundaries of an up-slope range-shifting caddisfly <i>Limnephilus picturatus. </i>We found that competition with a ubiquitous species <i>Limnephilus externus</i> significantly decreased <i>L. picturatus</i> survival and emergence at subalpine elevations supporting the notion that species interactions play a critical role in determining up-slope range limits. However, without competitors, <i>L. picturatus</i> survival was greater at high-elevation than low-elevation sites. This was contrary to decreases in body mass (a proxy for fecundity) with elevation regardless of the presence of competitors. We ultimately show that species interactions can be important for setting up-slope range margins. Yet our results also highlight the complications in defining what may be abiotically stressful for this species and the importance of considering multiple demographic variables. Understanding how species ranges will respond in a changing climate will require quantifying species interactions and how they are influenced by the abiotic context in which they play out.</p>
Elevation alters outcome of competition between resident and range-shifting species
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.