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opencc-zeroSep 2022View details →

Reduced representation sequencing to understand the evolutionary history of Torrey pine (Pinus torreyana Parry) with implications for rare species conservation

Understanding the contribution of neutral and adaptive evolutionary processes to population differences is often necessary for better-informed management and conservation of rare species. In this study, we focused on Pinus torreyana Parry (Torrey pine), one of the world's rarest pines, endemic to one island and one mainland population in California. Small population size, low genetic diversity, and susceptibility to abiotic and biotic stresses suggest Torrey pine may benefit from inter-population genetic rescue to preserve the species' evolutionary potential. We leveraged reduced representation sequencing to tease apart the respective contributions of stochastic and deterministic evolutionary processes to population differentiation. We applied these data to model spatial and temporal demographic changes in effective population sizes and genetic connectivity, to assess loci possibly under selection, and to evaluate genetic rescue as a potential conservation strategy. Overall, we observed exceedingly low standing variation reflecting consistently low effective population sizes across time and limited genetic differentiation suggesting maintenance of gene flow following divergence. However, genome scans identified more than 2000 candidate SNPs for divergent selection. Combined with previous observations indicating population phenotypic differentiation, this indicates natural selection has likely contributed to the evolution of population genetic differences. Thus, while reduced genetic diversity, small effective population size, and genetic connectivity between populations suggest genetic rescue could mitigate the adverse effects of rarity, divergent selection suggests genetic mixing could disrupt adaptation. Further work evaluating the fitness consequences of inter-population admixture is necessary to empirically evaluate the trade-offs associated with genetic rescue in Torrey pine.

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Impact of climate change on the potential distribution of a rare species of planthopper in China: Caliscelis chinensis Melichar, 1906 and its conservation implications

This information is from the manuscript called "Impact of climate change on the potential distribution of a rare species of planthopper in China: Caliscelis chinensis Melichar, 1906, and its conservation implications." It was added to help with the review process and is extra information.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2025View details →

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Phylogeography and genetic variation in Western Jacob's ladder (Polemonium occidentale) provide insights into the origin and conservation of rare species in the Great Lakes region

The perennial herb Western Jacob's Ladder (Polemonium occidentale, Polemoniaceae) is widespread in the mountains of western North America but reappears as a disjunct in the Great Lakes Region in Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA as the narrow endemic P. occidentale subsp. lacustre. This distribution is shown by a diverse assemblage of angiosperms. It has been hypothesized that these species became isolated just after the Last Glacial Maximum, but this has not been tested. Additionally, the genetic diversity and population connectivity of the endemic Great Lakes flora has been understudied, with important conservation implications. Using Genotyping-by-sequencing, we examined the relationship of P. occidentale subsp. lacustre to its closest relatives, relationships among all known populations, and genetic diversity within these populations. Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre represents an isolated, unique lineage that diverged from its closest relatives 1.3 ma and arrived in the Great Lakes Region by at least 38 ka. Nearly all extant populations diverged prior to the Last Glacial Maximum, are largely genetically distinct, and show relatively little within-population genetic diversity. Clonality may mitigate reduction in diversity due to drift. Mixed population signal between Wisconsin and some Minnesota populations may be due to gene flow during the Late Pleistocene. While populations of Polemonium occidentale subsp. lacustre may be relictual from a now-extinct western relative, it is best treated as a distinct species. Conservation efforts should focus more on ensuring that current populations remain rather than maintaining large population sizes across a few populations. However, encouraging habitat heterogeneity may accomplish both simultaneously.

publicSep 2022View details →

Reduced representation sequencing to understand the evolutionary history of Torrey pine (Pinus torreyana Parry) with implications for rare species conservation

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publicNov 2024View details →

Benefits of modelling abundance for rare species conservation: a case study with multiple birds across one million hectares

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publicFeb 2023View details →

Phylogeography and genetic variation in Western Jacob's ladder (Polemonium occidentale) provide insights into the origin and conservation of rare species in the Great Lakes region

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publicDec 2025View details →

Data and code for: Acoustic monitoring enables multi-taxa conservation assessment and prioritisation over large scales and for rare and cryptic species

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opennotspecifiedNov 2017View details →

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae

Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).

FIGURE 5 in A botanical expedition in Eastern Alborz (Iran): rare plant species and assessing their conservation status

FIGURE 5. Distribution map of rare or threatened-endemic species of EasternAlborz. Alcea semnanica (black triangle), Allium barsczewskii (gray triangle) Allium brachyodon (white triangle), Asperula glomerata subsp. filiformis (black star), Asperula gorganica (gray star), Gnaphalium supinum (white star), Leontodon stenocalathius (black square), Leutea glaucopruinosa and Eriocycla ghafooriana (both gray square), Leutea translucens (white square), Linaria orientalis (black polygon), Linaria shahroudensis (gray polygon), Potentilla ghazniensis (white polygon), Tulipa ulophylla (black ellipse), Veronica bungei (gray ellipse) and Veronica longipedicellata (white ellipse). Retrieved from Global Mapper v.22.1.1.

FIGURE 2 in A botanical expedition in Eastern Alborz (Iran): rare plant species and assessing their conservation status

FIGURE 2. Habit of selected threatened-endemic species of Eastern Alborz, A: Myopordon hyrcanum; B: Astragalus megalocystis; C: Astragalus anacamptus; D: Astragalus plagiophacos; E: Cousinia joharchii; F: Jurinea sharifiana.

FIGURE 4 in A botanical expedition in Eastern Alborz (Iran): rare plant species and assessing their conservation status

FIGURE 4. Distribution map of rare or threatened-endemic species of Eastern Alborz. Astragalus nubicola (black triangle), Astragalus olangensis (gray triangle), Astragalus rubrolineatus (white triangle), Cousinia decumbens (black square), Cousinia joharchii (gray square), Corydalis chionophila subsp. firouzii (white square), Crepis frigida (black ellipse), Crepis papposissima (gray ellipse), Echinops shahrudensis (white ellipse), Jurinea sharifiana (black polygon), Oxytropis kordkoyensis (gray polygon), Oxytropis shahvaria (white polygon), Atraphaxis radkanensis (black star), Eritrichium gracillimum (gray star) and Saxifraga koelzii (white star). Retrieved from Global Mapper v.22.1.1.

FIGURE 3 in A botanical expedition in Eastern Alborz (Iran): rare plant species and assessing their conservation status

FIGURE 3. Distribution map and new localities of rare or threatened-endemic species of Eastern Alborz (Damghan-Shahrud). Jurinea boreoiranica (black triangle), Myopordon hyrcanum (gray triangle), Drymocallis damghanensis (black square), Lindelofia stylosa (gray square), Dracocephalum ghahremanii (black star), Silene aminiradii (gray star), Silene orientoalborzensis (gray ellipse), Astragalus anacamptus (black ellipse), Astragalus plagiophacos (black polygon) and Astragalus megalocystis (gray polygon). Retrieved from Global Mapper v.22.1.1.

FIGURE 3 in First record of the rare Dyckia racemosa Baker (Bromeliaceae) in Maranhão state (northeastern Brazil), with an update on the species description, geographic distribution, and conservation status

FIGURE 3. Unicates herbarium specimen of Dyckia racemosa. A. Tocantins, Gardner 4015. B. Goiás, Irwin et al. 14528. C. Bahia, Forzza 7451. D. Maranhão, Guarçoni 2352 & A.W.C. Ferreira. (Fotos: Elidio A. E. Guarçoni)

FIGURE 2. Dyckia racemosa A in First record of the rare Dyckia racemosa Baker (Bromeliaceae) in Maranhão state (northeastern Brazil), with an update on the species description, geographic distribution, and conservation status

FIGURE 2. Dyckia racemosa A. plant rosettes growing isolated on rocky soil; B. Inflorescence of D. racemosa; C. Detail of a flower, showing the indumentum on sepals and petals. (Photos: Elidio Guarçoni)

FIGURE 4 in First record of the rare Dyckia racemosa Baker (Bromeliaceae) in Maranhão state (northeastern Brazil), with an update on the species description, geographic distribution, and conservation status

FIGURE 4. Map showing the distribution and extent of occurrence of Dyckia racemosa across Serra Geral, in the Brazilian states of Goiás, Bahia, Tocantins, and Maranhão.

FIGURE 1. Dyckia racemosa Baker E.A.E in First record of the rare Dyckia racemosa Baker (Bromeliaceae) in Maranhão state (northeastern Brazil), with an update on the species description, geographic distribution, and conservation status

FIGURE 1. Dyckia racemosa Baker E.A.E. Guarçoni 2352 & A.C. Ferreira. A. Rosette; B. Inflorescence, showing upper peduncle bracts shorter than the internodes and suberect to divergent flowers; C. Detail of the leaf, showing retrorse spines; D. Detail of the inflorescence, showing floral bracts shorter than the pedicels and suberect to divergent flowers; E. Longitudinal section of the flower; F. Sepal with detail of the indumentum; G. Petal with detail of the indumentum; H. Petal and stamens; I. Detail of anther. (Illustration: Reinaldo Monteiro)