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26 results for “rear edge”
Combining statistical and mechanistic models to unravel the drivers of mortality within a rear-edge beech population - Supporting Material
<p>Supporting material for the study:</p> <p><strong>"Combining statistical and mechanistic models to unravel the drivers of mortality within a rear-edge beech population."</strong></p> <p><strong>Authors:</strong></p> <p>Cathleen Petit-Cailleux1, Hendrik Davi1, François Lefèvre1, Joseph Garrigue<strong>2</strong>, Jean-André Magdalou<strong>2</strong>, Christophe Hurson<strong>2,3</strong><strong>, </strong>Elodie Magnanou<strong>2,4</strong>, and Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio1.</p> <p> </p> <p>Adresses</p> <p>1INRA, UR 629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, URFM, Avignon, France</p> <p><strong>2</strong>Réserve Naturelle Nationale de la Forêt de la Massane, France</p> <p><strong>3</strong>Fédération des Réserves Naturelles Catalanes, Prades, France</p> <p><strong>4</strong>Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France</p> <p><strong>ORCID:</strong></p> <p>Cathleen Petit-Cailleux: <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-6583">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-6583</a></p> <p>François Lefèvre : <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-7251">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-7251</a></p> <p>Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-8313">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-8313</a></p> <p> </p> <p>-------------</p> <p>Raw data of the Table_Massane_moratlity_trees.csv and climate can be obtained from Joseph Garrigue, Jean-André Magdalou and Christophe Hurson.</p> <p>The inventories files and daily climate are the input dataset to run CASTANEA models.</p> <p>All details are provided in the article.</p>
Joint analysis of microsatellites and flanking sequences enlightens complex demographic history of interspecific gene flow and vicariance in rear-edge oak populations
<p><span>Inference of recent population divergence requires fast evolving markers and necessitates to differentiate shared genetic variation caused by ancestral polymorphism and gene flow. Theoretical research shows that the use of compound marker systems integrating linked polymorphisms with different mutational dynamics, such as a microsatellite and its flanking sequences, can improve estimation of population structure and inference of demographic history, especially in the case of complex population dynamics. However, empirical application in natural populations has so far been limited by lack of suitable methods for data collection. A solution comes from the development of sequence-based microsatellite genotyping which we used to study molecular variation at 36 sequenced nuclear microsatellites in seven <em>Quercus canariensis</em> and four <em>Q. faginea</em> rear-edge populations across Algeria. We aim to decipher their taxonomic relationship, past evolutionary history and recent demographic trajectory. First, we compare the estimation of population genetics parameters and simulation-based inference of demographic history from microsatellite sequence alone, flanking sequence alone or the combination of linked microsatellite and flanking sequence variation. Second, we apply random forest approximate Bayesian computation to identify which of these sequence types is most informative. Whereas analysing microsatellite variation alone indicates recent interspecific gene flow, additional information gained by integrating nucleotide variation in flanking sequences, by reducing homoplasy, suggests ancient interspecific gene flow followed by drift in isolation instead. The weight of each polymorphism in the inference also demonstrates the value of linked variations with contrasted mutation dynamic to improve estimation of both demographic and mutational parameters.</span></p>
Joint analysis of microsatellites and flanking sequences enlightens complex demographic history of interspecific gene flow and vicariance in rear-edge oak populations
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Data from: Historic land use modifies impacts of climate and isolation in rear edge European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) populations
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Ecological and geographical marginality in rear edge populations of Palaearctic forest birds (data)
<p>The centre–periphery hypothesis predicts that habitat suitability will decrease at the edge of a species' range, a pattern often questioned by empirical data. Here we explore if habitat suitability decreases southwards and shapes the abundance distribution of rear edge populations of forest birds within the restricted geographical setting of the south-western Palaearctic. We also test if birds endemic to the area fit more poorly to the latitudinal decrease of habitat suitability due to the putative effect of adaptations to regional conditions. Location: North-western Africa (Morocco) Time period: Present day Major taxa studied: Passerines (11 species) Methods: Bird occurrences were used to model species distribution and line transects were used to estimate bird abundance. Occurrence probabilities provided by species distribution models were used to display the spatial patterning of habitat suitability. Habitat suitability was employed to predict abundance after controlling for the effect of the distance to some regional source areas of forest birds (tree covered large areas). The species were classified as North African endemic according to an updated review of their taxonomic status. Results: Habitat suitability decreased southwards, supporting the predicted relationship between ecological and geographical marginality in most species. Abundance was positively correlated to habitat suitability and negatively correlated to distance to source areas. The taxonomic status of birds did not affect the patterns. Main conclusions: The southward decrease of habitat suitability predicted by the centre–periphery hypothesis shapes the distribution of rear edge populations of forest birds within the south-western Palaearctic. As most of these populations are endemic, the results suggest that they track the gradients in isolation within the geographical setting of north-western Africa. These results support the vulnerability of these isolated, peripheral populations of forest birds to large-scale environmental changes in a region under the effect of increasing drought and temperature.</p>
Data from: Hedging at the rear edge: Intraspecific trait variability drives the trajectory of marginal populations in a widespread boreal tree species
<p>Rear-edge populations at the warm margin of species distribution are small, isolated and face environmental conditions at the limit of species bioclimatic envelope. Intraspecific phenotypic variation contributing to the persistence of peripheral populations is expected to become increasingly important under future climate conditions in order to avoid local extirpation where range shifts lag behind climate change velocity.</p> <p>We investigated the putative role of intraspecific phenotypic variation for the maintenance of rear-edge populations of fire-prone jack pine (<em>Pinus banksiana</em>), an obligate pyriscent boreal species. We assessed whether variation in cone serotiny is associated with the population trajectory of marginal stands located south of the boreal biome, in the temperate forest where natural wildfires are infrequent and unpredictable. To this end, we estimated stand-scale serotiny, minimal age and tree size structure in 26 jack pine stands from the rear edge (n = 17 sites) and the core (n = 9 sites) of the species' range in eastern Canada.</p> <p>On average, rear-edge jack pine populations are less serotinous albeit more variably compared to range-core populations where serotiny is more uniformly high. Rear-edge stands are generally older and display reverse J-shape tree size structure indicative of a multi-aged demographic equilibrium, whereas range-core stands are younger and show a unimodal stand structure depicting a single aging cohort generally lacking interfire recruitment. Eco-evolutionary dynamics shifts from a dependency on wildfires in range-core populations to stands that can regenerate and persist without recurrent fires at the rear edge, where stand-scale serotiny reaches values below 85%.</p> <p>Synthesis: Unlike range-core populations, rear-edge jack pine populations can locally rely on a dual life-history strategy to ensure both steady recruitment during fire-free intervals and successful postfire regeneration. This capacity to cope with infrequent and unpredictable fire regime should increase the resilience and resistance of jack pine populations as global changes alter fire dynamics of the boreal forest. More generally, unique intraspecific phenotypic variation in rear-edge populations contributes to long-term species persistence in marginal environmental conditions that might scale up with global changes. The conservation of rear-edge populations and their genetic legacy appears crucial for the resilience of species.</p>
Ecological and geographical marginality in rear edge populations of Palaearctic forest birds (data)
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Data from: Hedging at the rear edge: Intraspecific trait variability drives the trajectory of marginal populations in a widespread boreal tree species
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Latitudinal trends in genetic diversity and distinctiveness of Quercus robur rear edge forest remnants call for new conservation priorities
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Rear-edge populations are important for understanding climate change risk and adaptation potential of threatened species
<p>Climate change disproportionately threatens alpine species, by reducing available habitat and by isolating their populations. These pressures are particularly relevant for rear-edge populations, which typically occupy more marginal habitat compared to populations at the core of species' ranges. We studied Caucasian grouse <i>Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi</i> in the Caucasus ecoregion, a global biodiversity hotspot where this species is endemic, to understand potential climate change impacts on the species. Specifically, we assessed how climate change impacts rear-edge populations and how important these populations are for understanding range shifts and adaptive capacity under climate change. We used maximum entropy modelling to assess changes in the distribution of climatically-suitable habitat under present and 2070 climate conditions for the representative concentration pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5). Our results revealed that ignoring rear-edge populations leads to a significant underestimation of the future range (by about 14,700 km²). Rear-edge populations were better adapted to warmer climates compared to core populations, and ignoring them therefore also underestimates adaptive capacity. Preventing the loss of rear-edge populations should therefore be a priority for conservation planning in the face of climate change. Because the Caucasian grouse is associated with alpine mountain tops, conservation should focus on establishing connectivity between rear-edge and core populations (e.g., via transboundary corridors or assisted colonizations). Our study reveals how species distribution modelling can highlight the importance of rear-edge populations for mitigating climate change impacts on species of conservation concern.</p>
Fig. 4 in Taxonomy of the rear-edge populations: the case of genus Anterastes (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae)
Fig. 4 The PCA plots and trait contributions prepared from the metric data sets of A. serbicus (A) and A. babadaghi (B) species groups
Data from: High genetic diversity and distinctiveness of rear-edge climate relicts maintained by ancient tetraploidisation for Alnus glutinosa
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Rear-edge populations are important for understanding climate change risk and adaptation potential of threatened species
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Warming threatens habitat suitability and breeding occupancy of rear-edge alpine bird specialists
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Trends in weather conditions favor generalist over specialist species in rear-edge alpine bird communities
<p>Using the community of six passerine species breeding in the alpine zone of the Cantabrian mountains (NW Iberian Peninsula), we sought to document the changes in bird abundance across the elevational gradient during the last decade, evaluate the relationship between bird abundance and local climatic conditions (i.e. weather conditions), and discuss the mechanisms by which these conditions might be mediating the observed abundance trends in a global warming context. We estimated bird abundance at the home range level using point count transects and distance sampling during the breeding season, and fitted generalized linear mixed models to describe their temporal trends across the elevational gradient. We used a structural equation modeling approach to estimate the direct, indirect and total effects of weather and temporal variables, while considering the correlations and causal relationships among them and with the elevational gradient.</p>
Trends in weather conditions favor generalist over specialist species in rear-edge alpine bird communities
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Rear-edge, low-diversity, and haplotypic uniformity in cold-adapted Bupleurum euphorbioides interglacial refugia populations
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Data from: Greater growth stability of trees in marginal habitats suggests a patchy pattern of population loss and retention in response to increased drought at the rear edge
Species rear range-edges are predicted to retract as climate warms, yet evidence of population persistence is accumulating. Accounting for this disparity is essential to enable prediction and planning for species' range retractions. At the Mediterranean edge of European beech-dominated temperate forest, we tested the hypothesis that individual performance should decline at the limit of the species' ecological tolerance in response to increased drought. We sampled 40 populations in a crossed factor design of geographical and ecological marginality and assessed tree growth resilience and decline in response to recent drought. Drought impacts occurred across the rear edge, but tree growth stability was unexpectedly high in geographically isolated marginal habitat and lower than anticipated in the species' continuous range and better-quality habitat. Our findings demonstrate that, at the rear edge, range shifts will be highly uneven and characterised by reduction in population density with local population retention rather than abrupt range retractions.
Dataset: Genetic and demographic trends from rear to leading edge are explained by climate and forest cover in a cold adapted ectotherm
<p>Two datasets were provided: </p> <p>1) Microsatellite polymorphism of 16 loci in the diploid lizard species <em>Zootoca vivipara louislantzi</em></p> <p>2) Geographic characteristics of the 42 sampled populations </p>
Data from: Greater growth stability of trees in marginal habitats suggests a patchy pattern of population loss and retention in response to increased drought at the rear edge
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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