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14 results for “recognition cues”
Dependence of the azure-winged magpie on nest spatial cues in offspring recognition decreases with nestling growth
<p>Various cues have been identified as the basis for animals' discrimination between kin and non-kin. In altricial birds, these cues show temporal and spatial variations, implying that kin recognition might be condition-dependent. In this study, we hypothesize that parents might be sensitive to the changes in nest spatial position, and that their dependence on the nest spatial cue in offspring recognition decreases with offspring growth. We tested this hypothesis in a Tibetan population of the azure-winged magpie, <i>Cyanopica cyanus</i>, by designing a nest translocation experiment. We found that adults could return to their nest and continue caring for their offspring even if the nest had been moved to a new position. Their sensitivity to the spatial change in nest position not only varied with distance but also relied on the offspring life-history stage. Breeders were more likely to recognize their nest and offspring during the nestling period than during the incubation period, indicating that the dependence of parents on the spatial cue of the nest is higher when offspring are in the form of eggs than in the form of nestlings. Our findings suggest that azure-winged magpies mainly depend on the spatial position of the nest to recognize their nest and offspring. After nestlings establish communication with their parents, their phenotypic characteristics may replace the nests' spatial cue to play a greater role in the offspring recognition of parents.</p>
Data from: Highlighting potential physical and chemical cues involved in conspecific recognition system in a predator nematode, Seinura caverna
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Conspecific recognition is the ability to distinguish and respond to individuals of the same species. In nematodes, this behavior can mediate aggregation, feeding behavior, or mating. Here, we investigated whether and how the predatory nematode <em>Seinura caverna</em> recognizes and avoids conspecifics to prey on. In predation assays, <em>S. caverna</em> did not kill conspecifics, but killed nematodes of three heterospecific species. Interestingly, <em>S. caverna</em> did not kill <em>Ektaphelenchoides</em> <em>spondylis</em> nematodes. <em>S. caverna</em> did not eject its stylet when encountering conspecifics or <em>E. spondylis</em>. The characterization of the internal cuticle structure of 13 nematode species suggested that the cuticle may play a role in the preying decision, as <em>E. spondylis</em> and <em>S. caverna</em> exhibited similar, type III, cuticle layers. Chemical extracts from <em>S.</em> <em>caverna</em> further repelled conspecifics. We discuss the potential hierarchical use of physical and chemical cues in <em>S. caverna</em> predation behavior and provide insights into the evolutionary adaptations and behavior of this organism. </span></p>
Data from: Recognition of predator cues hinders social communication
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Data from: Highlighting potential physical and chemical cues involved in conspecific recognition system in a predator nematode, Seinura caverna
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Data from: Kin recognition in guppies uses self-referencing on olfactory cues
<p>Kin recognition plays an important role in social behavior and evolution, but the proximate mechanisms by which individuals recognize kin remain poorly understood. In many species, individuals form a "kin template" that they compare against conspecifics' phenotypes to assess phenotypic similarity–and by association, relatedness. Individuals may form a kin template through self-inspection (i.e. self-referencing) and/or by observing their rearing associates (i.e. family-referencing). However, despite much interest, few empirical studies have successfully disentangled self- and family-referencing. Here, we employ a novel set of breeding crosses using the Trinidadian guppy (<i>Poecilia reticulata</i>)<i> </i>to disentangle referencing systems by manipulating exposure to kin from conception onwards. We show that guppies discriminate among their full- and maternal half-siblings, which can only be explained by self-referencing. Additional behavioral experiments revealed no evidence that guppies incorporate the phenotypes of their broodmates or mother into the kin template. Finally, by manipulating the format of our behavioral tests, we show that olfactory communication is both necessary and sufficient for kin discrimination. These results provide robust evidence that individuals recognize kin by comparing the olfactory phenotypes of conspecifics against their own. This study resolves key questions about the proximate mechanisms underpinning kin recognition, with implications for the ontogeny and evolution of social behavior.</p>
Acquired predator recognition via epidermal alarm cues but not dietary alarm cues by isolated pupfish
<p>We tested whether Shoshone pupfish <em>Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone</em> and Amargosa River pupfish <em>C. n. amargosae</em> respond behaviourally to conspecific chemical alarm cues released when epidermal tissue is damaged by a predator. We found that both subspecies reduced activity and vertical position in the water column in response to alarm cues. We then tested if pupfish can use alarm cues to acquire recognition of a novel predator. We trained pupfish with (1) water + odour of largemouth bass fed a diet of earthworms, (2) alarm cues from skin extract (epidermal alarm cues) + odour of bass fed a diet of earthworms, or (3) water + odour of bass fed a diet of pupfish (dietary alarm cues). Pupfish responded to epidermal alarm cues but not to dietary alarm cues. Pupfish were retested with the odour of bass that were fed an earthworm diet. Pupfish that had previously received epidermal alarm cues reduced vertical position and activity relative to the other two treatments. This is the first demonstration of acquired recognition of a novel predator by a pupfish, the first report of partial predator naiveté, and opens the possibility of predator-recognition training as a tool for management and conservation of endangered desert fishes.</p>
Data from: Kin recognition in guppies uses self-referencing on olfactory cues
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Acquired predator recognition via epidermal alarm cues but not dietary alarm cues by isolated pupfish
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Data from: Group and kin recognition via olfactory cues in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Primates were traditionally thought to have a reduced sense of smell. Although there is now evidence that olfaction plays a greater role in primate social life than previously assumed, research on the sense of smell in non-human apes is scarce. Chimpanzees sniff the ground and vegetation on boundary patrols, but the function of this behaviour is unclear. Since chimpanzees are highly territorial and can kill individuals that do not belong to their own community, sniffing might function to gather information about conspecifics, particularly concerning group membership and kinship. To investigate whether chimpanzees recognize group members and kin via olfactory cues, we conducted behavioural bioassays on two groups of chimpanzees at Leipzig Zoo. In a pilot study, we found that chimpanzees responded more strongly to urine than to faeces or body odour. We then presented urine from group members, outgroup individuals and an unscented control in aerated boxes using a simultaneous discrimination task. The first behaviour after a chimpanzee first approached a box was related to olfaction (sniffing, nose within 20 cm, licking) in 83% of cases, highlighting the importance of olfaction as a general investigation mechanism in this species. Chimpanzees sniffed significantly longer at urine stimuli than the control and significantly longer at odours from outgroup individuals than those from group members. Furthermore, the duration of sniffing was positively correlated with relatedness. Our results suggest that chimpanzees use olfactory cues to obtain information about social relationships and fill a gap in our understanding of primate chemical communication.
Data from: Paternal signature in kin recognition cues of a social insect: concealed in juveniles, revealed in adults
Kin recognition is a key mechanism to direct social behaviours towards related individuals or avoid inbreeding depression. In insects, recognition is generally mediated by cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) compounds, which are partly inherited from parents. However, in social insects, potential nepotistic conflicts between group members from different patrilines are predicted to select against the expression of patriline-specific signatures in CHC profiles. Whereas this key prediction in the evolution of insect signalling received empirical support in eusocial insects, it remains unclear whether it can be generalized beyond eusociality to less-derived forms of social life. Here, we addressed this issue by manipulating the number of fathers siring clutches tended by females of the European earwig, Forficula auricularia, analysing the CHC profiles of the resulting juvenile and adult offspring, and using discriminant analysis to estimate the information content of CHC with respect to the maternal and paternal origin of individuals. As predicted, if paternally inherited cues are concealed during family life, increases in mating number had no effect on information content of CHC profiles among earwig juveniles, but significantly decreased the one among adult offspring. We suggest that age-dependent expression of patriline-specific cues evolved to limit the risks of nepotism as family-living juveniles and favour sibling-mating avoidance as group-living adults. These results highlight the role of parental care and social life in the evolution of chemical communication and recognition cues.
Data from: Group and kin recognition via olfactory cues in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
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Data from: Paternal signature in kin recognition cues of a social insect: concealed in juveniles, revealed in adults
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Data from: Tolerance requires the right smell: first evidence for interspecific selection on chemical recognition cues
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Improved Speech Recognition Performance in Noise by Encoding Binaural Spatial Cues to the Cochlear Implant User.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04357704. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.