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21 results for “recovering predators”
Figure 5. Large tentacle and two arms recovered from a in Alien vs. Predator: interactions between the colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni) and the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni)
Figure 5. Large tentacle and two arms recovered from a toothfish stomach. Photo by A. Remeslo.
Interests, beliefs, experience, and perceptions shape tolerance towards impacts of recovering predators
<ol> <li>The modification of landscapes is increasing the interface between humans and wildlife, while conflicts concerning predator impacts on human activities persist. Some previously persecuted but now protected predator species are experiencing recovery and range expansion.</li> <li>Tolerance is considered essential for achieving coexistence between humans and wildlife; however, its conceptualisation remains unresolved. Little is known about tolerance in the context of recovering predators, particularly which drivers are relevant to all or specific species and human interests.</li> <li>Using an online questionnaire survey shared with members of organisations with interests in rural land-based activities, we collected data on interests and beliefs, and attitudes, perceptions, experience, and management preferences for six recovering vertebrate predators in the UK (n=819). We created a species tolerance score representing the management choices of the respondents in different conflict scenarios, which differed in the degree of impact on the predator population.</li> <li>Our species tolerance score was characterized by a complex combination of the interests and beliefs of the respondents about wildlife management, perceptions and experience of that species (perceived benefits, population trend, positive and negative experience, indirect negative experience) and negative experience of other recovering predators. </li> <li>We found a tolerance gradient between interest groups with notable overlap between groups with primary interests in wildlife conservation, shooting, farming, and fishing. Although higher perceived benefits consistently corresponded to higher tolerance, having a negative experience of the species dampened the effect of perceived benefits on tolerance. When both negative personal and indirect experiences were reported, tolerance was dramatically reduced. The classification of species from least to most tolerated was consistent between interest groups. </li> <li>The application of our species tolerance score as the normative dimension (i.e., acceptability) in Brenner and Metcalf's (2020) Social Tolerance of Wildlife Framework highlights that tolerance (negative attitude-high acceptability) is potentially rare and more positive attitudes must be achieved before acceptance of the impacts of species can increase. </li> <li>Our findings highlight that considering only primary interests may hinder debates concerning recovering predators. Strategies to reduce negative experiences or change how they are perceived could significantly increase tolerance in combination with increasing positive experiences.</li> </ol>
Predation strongly limits demography of a keystone migratory herbivore in a recovering transfrontier ecosystem
<p>Large herbivore migrations are imperiled globally; however, the factors limiting a population across its migratory range are typically poorly understood. Zambia's Greater Liuwa Ecosystem (GLE) contains one of the largest remaining blue wildebeest (<em>Connochaetes</em> <em>taurinus</em> <em>taurinus</em>) migrations, yet the population structure, vital rates, and limiting factors are virtually unknown. We conducted a long-term demographic study of GLE wildebeest from 2012–2019 of 107 collared adult females and their calves, 7,352 herd observations, 12 aerial population surveys, and concurrent carnivore studies. We applied methods of vital rate estimation and survival analysis within a Bayesian estimation framework. From herd composition observations, we estimated rates of fecundity, first-year survival, and recruitment as 68%, 56%, and 38% respectively, with pronounced inter-annual variation. Similar rates were estimated from calf detections with collared cows. Adult survival rates declined steadily from 91% at age 2 years to 61% at age 10 years thereafter dropping more sharply to 2% at age 16 years. Predation, particularly by spotted hyena, was the predominant cause of death for all wildebeest ages and focused on older animals. Starvation only accounted for 0.8% of all unbiased known natural causes of death. Mortality risk differed substantially between wet and dry season ranges, reflecting strong spatio-temporal differences in habitat and predator densities. There was substantial evidence that mortality risk to adults was 27% higher in the wet season, and strong evidence that it was 45% higher in the migratory range where predator density was highest. The estimated vital rates were internally consistent, predicting a stable population trajectory consistent with aerial estimates. From essentially zero knowledge of GLE wildebeest dynamics, this work provides vital rates, age structure, limiting factors, and a plausible mechanism for the migratory tendency, and a robust model-based foundation to evaluate the effects of potential restrictions in migratory range, climate change, predator-prey dynamics, and poaching.</p>
Predation strongly limits demography of a keystone migratory herbivore in a recovering transfrontier ecosystem
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Interests, beliefs, experience, and perceptions shape tolerance towards impacts of recovering predators
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Data from: Risk of extinction of a unique skate population due to predation by a recovering marine mammal
Benefitting from reduced harvesting and an end to culling, many marine mammals are now recovering from past overexploitation. These recoveries represent important conservation successes but present a serious conservation problem when the recovering mammals are predators of species of conservation concern. Here we examine the role of predation by recovering grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in the near-extinction of a unique skate population in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence (sGSL) in Atlantic Canada. Winter skate (Leucoraja ocellata) in the sGSL are distinct from winter skate elsewhere and may represent an endemic species. Their adult abundance has declined by 98% since 1980 and these skates are now detectable in only a small fraction of their former range. Population modelling indicates that the ongoing collapse of this population is due to increases in the natural mortality of adults. Based on model projections this population would be extinct by mid-century if its current rate of productivity were to persist. A second population model incorporated predation by grey seals. Model estimates of skate consumption by seals were consistent with historical and recent estimates of the contribution of skates to grey seal diets. The estimated consumption accounted for the increases in the natural mortality of adult skates. A Type III functional response for grey seals preying on winter skate emerged from the model results. This indicates that, when skate abundance is very low, grey seals are expected to switch to alternate prey, resulting in declines in the mortality of skates due to predation. Consequently, contrary to projections at current productivity, winter skate are expected to be trapped at very low abundance in a "predator pit" instead of declining to extinction. Nonetheless, extinction risk would remain very high at the very small population size in the predator pit. Our results emphasize the need for an ecosystem-based approach to the management of living resources in this ecosystem.
Data from: Co-restoring keystone predators and foundation species to recover a coastal wetland
<p>Provided here are the following datasets for the paper entitled "Co-restoring keystone predators and foundation species to recover a coastal wetland" upcoming in the Journal of Applied Ecology. </p> <p>1 Proximity to existing Scylla burrows.xlsx This file contains all data for the paper's section "Effects of proximity to existing Scylla burrows on Scirpus restoration" </p> <p>2 Scylla reintroduction.xlsx This file contains all data for the paper's section "Effects of Scylla reintroduction on Scirpus restoration" </p> <p>3 Consumptive and non-consumptive effects.xlsx This file contains all data for the paper's section "Consumptive and non-consumptive effects of Scylla" </p> <p>4 Opening size and food items.xlsx This file contains all data for Fig. S1 and Table S1 in the Supporting Information </p> <p>The metadata for interpreting these data sets are included in the Excel files. </p>
Largely independent effects of top predators, including Amur tigers and humans, on mammal communities in a recovering temperate forest region
<p>Data associated with the manuscript "Largely independent effects of top predators, including Amur tigers and humans, on mammal communities in a recovering temperate forest region"</p>
Recovering predators link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems: River otters subsidize coyotes with carrion (Video 1)
<p>This dataset includes a high-quality version of Video 1 from <em>Recovering predators link aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems: River otters subsidize coyotes with carrion</em> (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11444" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.11444</a>).</p>
Figure 7 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 7. The numbers of Eulalia viridis recorded from the eastern side of the Mewsbrook Groyne (and the western side in September 2010) on the occasions when they were observed to be moving over the rock surfaces.
Figure 6 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 6. An experimentally derived plot of the relationship between Carcinus maenas carapace widths and the shell lengths of their chosen Mytilus galloprovincialis prey items attacked by marginal chipping. Open circles represent failed attempts; closed circles represent successful attacks.
Figure 8. A in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 8. A diagrammatic outline of the shell of Mytilus galloprovincialis divided into the four quadrants identified by Morton (2010) and showing the positions of the 17 series of chip marks (♦) and 18 drill holes (open circles represent successful attacks; closed circles represent failed attempts) made by experimentally held individuals of Carcinus maenas and Nucella lapillus, respectively.
Figure 5 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 5. Scanning electrom micrographs of the posterior margins of Mytilus galloprovincialis shells that have been accessed by Carcinus maenas in an experimental situation by (A) Chelal insertion and breaking and by (B) mandibular chipping.
Figure 4 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 4. An experimentally derived three-dimensional regression plot of the relationship between Nucella lapillus shell height (y-axis), the shell lengths of their chosen Mytilus galloprovincialis prey (z-axis) and the time spent atop each prey item (x-axis).
Figure 3 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 3. The relationship between the time Nucella lapillus spent atop its Mytilus galloprovincialis prey in laboratory experiments.
Figure 9 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 9. The relationship between the log-transformed numbers of Nucella lapillus recorded from the eastern side of the Mewsbrook Groyne (and the western side in September 2010) and the similarly log-transformed numbers of Eulalia viridis recorded on the occasions when they were observed to be moving over the rock surfaces
Figure 10 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 10. Plots showing, as a proportion of 100%, all the causes of death of individuals of Mytilus galloprovincialis collected from the Mewsbrook Groyne over the course of the 25-month period from September 2006 until September 2008.
Figure 1 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 1. The numbers of Nucella lapillus recorded from the Mewsbrook Groyne over the period from May 2004 to late August 2010. The first and last three open histograms represent counts from both sides of the groyne in May 2004 (25 individuals) and September 2009 (551 individuals), March 2010 (458 individuals) and late August 2010 (1241 individuals), the closed histograms represent numbers from the east side only.
Figure 2 in Predator-prey-scavenging interactions between Nucella lapillus, Carcinus maenas and Eulalia viridis all exploiting Mytilus galloprovincialis on a rocky shore recovering from tributyl-tin (TBT) pollution
Figure 2. The relationship between the shell heights of Nucella lapillus and the shell lengths of its Mytilus galloprovincialis prey on the Mewsbrook Groyne from May 2004 to August 2008.
Data from: Sex and occupation time influence niche space of a recovering keystone predator
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.