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Fig. 3 in Repatriation of knowledge about insects and types through the DORSA virtual museum (Digital Orthoptera Specimen Access)

Fig. 3: Orthoptera (crickets and grasshoppers) collections in Germany – number of holotypes in major museums. A similar distributed pattern is observed for type material of other groups of organisms housed in German museums or research institutions.

Fig. 4 in Repatriation of knowledge about insects and types through the DORSA virtual museum (Digital Orthoptera Specimen Access)

Fig. 4: Documentation of DORSA specimen data on the internet. Left: species page in SYSTAX (red arrows mark scrolling down); top right: species page in OSF; middle right: image and sound file pages in SYSTAX; bottom right: distribution map from a map server (Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility). External links are marked by yellow arrows, internal links by green arrows.

Fig. 2 in Repatriation of knowledge about insects and types through the DORSA virtual museum (Digital Orthoptera Specimen Access)

Fig. 2: Species group names of Orthoptera worldwide (valid names and synonyms) and types specimens in German collections. The category holotype includes also syntypes, lectotypes and neotypes. [From Ingrisch et al. 2004a].

Fig. 1 in Repatriation of knowledge about insects and types through the DORSA virtual museum (Digital Orthoptera Specimen Access)

Fig. 1: Distribution of Orthoptera type specimens (including Para- and Lectotypes) housed in German Museum collections. Note the high number of types from Africa, South East Asia and Australia, collected in the last centuries. [From Riede 2003].

opencc-zeroJan 2022View details →

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Experimental repatriation of snowshoe hares along a southern range boundary reveals historical community interactions

Climate change is altering interspecific interactions globally, yet community-level responses are difficult to predict due to both the direct and indirect effects of changing abiotic and biotic conditions. Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) are particularly vulnerable to decreasing snow cover and resultant camouflage mismatch. This species shares a suite of predators with alternative prey species including porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum) and ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), and all three species historically exhibited synchronized population dynamics. Recently, the community has become partially disassembled, notably with the loss of snowshoe hares and associated enemy-mediated indirect interactions resulting from declining snow duration. Specifically, we hypothesized that the extirpation of hares in the early 1990s indirectly increased predation pressure on ruffed grouse and porcupines. To test our hypothesis, we experimentally translocated 96 snowshoe hares to a site within a regional ecotone between northern and southern forests where snowshoe hares were recently extirpated and monitored community members before, during and after translocation. Ruffed grouse were only loosely associated with the biotic interactions that linked porcupines and snowshoe hares, likely due to predation occurring from avian predators and strong negative direct effects of declining winter snow depths. In contrast, predation of neonate porcupines was virtually non-existent following repatriation, compared to periods without hares. This abrupt attenuation of predation did not increase overall survival due to increased non-predation mortality from cold, early spring weather. Porcupines directly benefitted from warming winters: decreased snow cover increased adult survival and warmer temperatures around parturition increased maternal condition and reduced non-predation causes of mortality for neonates. Our experimental manipulation suggests that enemy-mediated indirect interactions were likely important features of this community; however, climate change has disrupted these interactions, resulting in extirpation of a central prey species (snowshoe hare) and increased predation of an alternative prey species (porcupine). We show complex effects from climate change with some species directly and negatively affected, while others benefitted from direct effects of warming winters, but suffered negative effects from indirect interactions. Absent snowshoe hares and associated biotic interactions, continued persistence of this community module is unlikely, potentially resulting in altered no-analogue communities along trailing edge distributions.

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Experimental repatriation of snowshoe hares along a southern range boundary reveals historical community interactions

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Data from: Sockeye salmon repatriation leads to population re-establishment and rapid introgression with native kokanee

Re-establishing salmonid populations to areas historically occupied has substantial potential for conservation gains, however, such interventions also risk negatively impacting native resident stocks. Here, we assessed the success of the hatchery-assisted reintroduction of anadromous sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) into Skaha Lake, British Columbia, Canada, and evaluated the genetic consequences for native kokanee, a freshwater-obligate ecotype, using single nucleotide polymorphism genotypic data collected from reference samples of spawning Okanagan River sockeye and Skaha Lake kokanee pre-sockeye reintroduction, along with annual trawl survey and angler-caught samples obtained over an eight-year period. Significant differentiation was detected between sockeye and kokanee reference samples, with >99% stock assignment. Low proportions of sockeye and hybrids were detected within 2008 and 2010 age-0 trawl samples, however, by 2012, 28% were sockeye, rising to 41% in 2014. The number of hybrids detected rose proportionally with the increase in sockeye, and exhibited an intermediate phenotype. Our results indicate that reintroduction of anadromous sockeye to Skaha Lake is succeeding, with large numbers returning to spawn. However, hybridization with native kokanee is of concern due to the potential for demographic or genetic swamping, with on-going genetic monitoring necessary to assess the long-term effects of introgression and to support interactive fisheries management.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

opennotspecifiedDec 2015View details →

FIGURE 2 in Repatriating a lost name: notes on McClelland and Griffith's Cobitis boutanensis (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)

FIGURE 2. Map of Griffith's expedition (base map from Griffith and McClelland 1848) through Bhutan, and a generalized range map of Aborichthys boutanensis in southern Bhutan (lighter oval) based on observations of first author (RJT). Bhutan's modern border is superimposed (green area). The brown line is the path taken by Griffith.

opennotspecifiedDec 2015View details →

FIGURE 1 in Repatriating a lost name: notes on McClelland and Griffith's Cobitis boutanensis (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae)

FIGURE 1. Comparison of Aborichthys boutanensis holotype to other cobitids. (a) Aborichthys boutanensis holotype, BMNH1860.3.14.775, 104.7 mm SL; (b) A. boutanensis, CNR (College of Natural Resources, Bhutan) 13551, 101.6 mm SL; (c) drawing of A. boutanensis, labeled Aborichthys kempi in Chaudhuri (1913); (d) Paracobitis atrakensis from Esmaeili et al (2014) with permission of the author; mouth structures of (e) A. boutanensis, holotype; (f) A. boutanensis, CNR 13551; and (g) A. boutanensis from Chaudhuri (1913).

opennotspecifiedMar 2022View details →

FIG. 3. A in A Successful Reintroduction of Columbia Spotted Frog (Rana luteiventris) through Repatriation of Recently Hatched Larvae

FIG. 3. A satellite image and the approximate locations of CSF egg mass deposition locations at the Taylors Fork repatriation site.