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509 results for “resins”
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Watershed 3 – One year of resin-extracted solutes from variably saturated soils
Hbr363: WS3 One year of resin-extracted solutes from variably saturated soils The Lateral Weathering Study looks at spatial patterns of mineral weathering processes at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. This project is characterizing mineral and elemental depletion/enrichment, soil morphology and chemistry, solute transport, and groundwater chemistry along hydropedological gradients. This dataset provides the total elemental mass of inorganic solutes (Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, P, and S) as well as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that were extracted off resins installed into shallow groundwater wells (~30-100cm) in Watershed 3. Resin packs were deployed for a total of one year (August 2019-2020) with four consecutive deployment periods, to avoid overloading resin ion capacity. Total mass for each solute was accounted for an entire resin pack, which was 5cm in height and 5cm in diameter, containing approximately 90 g of resin. Resin packs were installed in three different topographic positions along three transects (sites = 9), to characterize solute mass fluxes through different hydropedological units.
Biorenewable soybean oil-based photocurable resin
<p>This data set corresponds to the analyses carried out in the following article: Bodor, M.; Lasagabáster-Latorre, A.; Arias-Ferreiro, G.; Dopico-García, M.S.; Abad, M.-J. Improving the 3D Printability and Mechanical Performance of Biorenewable Soybean Oil-Based Photocurable Resins. <br>Polymers 2024, 16, 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16070977</p>
Liquid Resin Infusion (LRI) manufacturing and Spring_In monitoring by FBGs, DCs and 3D CMM meassurements
<p>ELADINE project is aiming to implement a numerical tool that can reduce reoccurring costs of low-volume production in composite manufacturing of primary structural elements and thus reducing overall manufacturing effort and carbon emissions. A<strong> primary goal of this project is to eliminate tolerance non-compliancy in the manufactured structures caused by natural and unavoidable post-manufacturing distortions, typical for composite materials</strong>. These distortions might render otherwise qualitative components unusable due to their final geometry.</p> <p>Objectives of the Numerical model validation are:</p> <ul> <li>To understand the dominant factors which affects the spring-in phenomenon.</li> <li>To provide the simulation tool with the required values of the properties that influence on spring-in.</li> <li>To verify the simulation tool ability to predict spring-in for a variety of conditions.</li> <li>To develop a procedure of adapting and embedding sensors (dielectric and fiber optic) to obtain proper, useful and accurate signals of the manufacturing parameters (T, degree of cure, strain).</li> <li>To develop interpretation procedures of the signal/curves of sensors to obtain on-line process monitoring information.</li> </ul> <p>To obtain the data to feed and develop the numerical tool able to estimate the component distortions after its manufacturing, a combination of Fiber Optic Sensors (FOS) based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) technology, Dielectric Curing sensors (DC) and 3D scanning were used to monitor the composite coupon manufacturing and the distortions the days after being demoulded. During the manufacturing process embedded FBGs and DC sensors were used to monitor the coupon temperature and strain distribution and resin curing evolution. After the manufacturing and the demolding, the distortions evolution were monitored by the embedded FBGs and by 3D CMM measurements.</p> <p><strong>In the ELADINE project, the distortion monitoring was made to two Out-of-Autoclave manufacturing technologies: liquid resin infusion (LRI) and oven cured pre-preg</strong>. For both material systems, slightly curved coupons and C-shaped coupons were the geometries selected as representative for the Skin and spars of the wing box. The Skin coupon was curved panel with a 1475 mm radius (with edge rise of 7,65 mm) that was thought to best replicate the wing profile geometry. The C-spar coupon geometry selected for the study was a non-tapered spar section with two different angle with radius of curvature of 5mm and 12mm. This geometry was chosen to simplify measuring and comparisons with wing demo. Furthermore, three different thickness are studied for the Skin coupons and two for the C-spar coupons which were selected from different zones along the wing. Moreover, a C-spar coupon with variable thickness was studied, as a simulation of the transition between zones with different thickness in the wing.</p> <p><strong>In this dataset, the data from the FBGs, DCs and 3D CMM meassurements for the LRI manufacturing process and spring_in distortions monitoring is included.</strong></p>
Resin-available nutrients in the O horizon in the MELNHE study at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Bartlett Experimental Forest and Jeffers Brook, central NH USA, 2011- ongoing
The MELNHE study looks at patterns of resource limitation through nutrient manipulations in three study sites in New Hampshire: Bartlett Experimental Forest, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, and Jeffers Brook, located in the White Mountain National Forest. The investigation is monitoring stem diameter, leaf area, sap flow, foliar chemistry, leaf litter production and chemistry, foliar nutrient resorption, root biomass and production, mycorrhizal associations, soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration, N and P availability, N mineralization, soil phosphatase activity, soil carbon and nitrogen, nutrient uptake capacity of roots, and mineral weathering. This data set includes phosphate, nitrate and ammonium availability measured using resin exchange strips. Additional detail on the MELNHE project, including a datatable of site descriptions and a pdf file with the project description and diagram of plot configuration can be found in this data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=344 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. The following papers describe and make use of these data: Fisk MC, Ratliff TJ, Goswami S, Yanai RD. 2014. Synergistic soil response to nitrogen plus phosphorus fertilization in hardwood forests. Biogeochemistry 118:195-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-013-9918-1 Goswami S, Fisk MC, Vadeboncoeur MA, Johnston M, Yanai RD, and Fahey TJ. 2018. Phosphorus limitation of aboveground production in northern hardwood forests. Ecology 99: 438-449. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2100 Shan S, Fisk MC, Fahey TJ. 2018. Contrasting effects of N on rhizosphere processes in two northern hardwood species. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 126: 219-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.09.007 Shan S, Devens H, Fahey TJ
Damage Monitoring of Structural Resins Loaded with Carbon Fillers: Experimental and Theoretical Study
<p>Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Electro-Mechanical Measurement, Simulation model, Dynamic Light Scattering, FTIR spectroscopy</p> <p>Thermogravimetric analysis, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Electro-Temperature Measurement, </p> <p>Thermal Image Camera , Water sorption measurement, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Stress Strain</p>
Soil respiration at resin bag sites at canopy gradient sites
We tested whether inputs from canopy herbivores would affect soil processes such as respiration, nutrient cycling, and decomposition along an elevation gradient. The five treatments we used were frass additions, throughfall additions, removal of all litter that fell during the study, removal of greenfall that fell during the study, and controls. Soil respiration was significantly reduced on low and mid elevation sites in litter exclusion, greenfall exclusion and throughfall addition treatments (from 0.846 g CO2/m2/h for controls to 0.618, 0.667, and 0.708 g CO2/m2/h, respectively, for the three treatments).
Soil respiration and precipitation data at resin bag sites on canopy gradient sites at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1998 (dataset 1056)
We tested whether inputs from canopy herbivores would affect soil processes such as respiration, nutrient cycling, and decomposition along an elevation gradient. The five treatments we used were frass additions, throughfall additions, removal of all litter that fell during the study, removal of greenfall that fell during the study, and controls. Soil respiration was significantly reduced on low and mid elevation sites in litter exclusion, greenfall exclusion and throughfall addition treatments (from 0.846 g CO2/m2/h for controls to 0.618, 0.667, and 0.708 g CO2/m2/h, respectively, for the three treatments).
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Soil Solution Resin Available Nitrogen
Resin available soil solution nitrogen was measured during seasonal incubations in 2014 and 2015 on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). Analysis and results from these data are presented in Sanders-DeMott 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Sanders-DeMott, R., Sorensen, P.O., Reinmann, A.B. et al. Growing season warming and winter freeze–thaw cycles reduce root nitrogen uptake capacity and increase soil solution nitrogen in a northern forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 137, 337–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0422-5
Fig. 2 in The giant resin bee making its way west: First record in Kansas (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
Fig. 2. Potential distribution of Megachile sculpturalis Smith in North America based on predictive ecological niche model proposed by Hinojosa-Díaz et al. (2005).
Fig. 3 in The giant resin bee making its way west: First record in Kansas (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae)
Fig. 3. Observed distribution for Megachile sculpturalis Smith in the United States; records of the species mapped by time series according to available data; the star symbol corresponds to the record from Lawrence, Kansas.
Figure 2 in Bornean caterpillar (Lepidoptera) constructs cocoon from Vatica rassak (Dipterocarpaceae) resin containing multiple deterrent compounds
Figure 2. Pieces of resin taken from the cocoon and imaged (A) using photomontage; and (B– D) environmental electron microscopy. Images (B–D) show the elaborate shearing patterns within the resin. The centre of image (D) shows what may be a score mark in the surface of the resin made by the caterpillar.
Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k). in Mastixioid Fruits (Cornales) From The Early Eocene London Clay Flora: Morphology, Anatomy And Nomenclatural Revision
Text-fig. 5. Mastixiopsis nyssoides KIRCHH. a, b, g–n: Organic preservation. a, b: Lignitic, unpermineralized, early Eocene Dorset Pipe clays at Arne, V. 40762. a: Ventral view (original illustration from pl. 18, fig. 1 of Chandler 1962). b: Transverse fracture, somewhat distorted by compression. c–f: Pyrite permineralization. c: Ventral view, V. 22963(1) from Sheppey, originally listed as Mastixia cantiensis. d: Lateral view, V. 22969 from Sheppey (identified as Mastixia grandis by Reid and Chandler 1933: pl. 25, fig. 8). e: Equatorial transverse physical section from (c). f: Equatorial transverse physical section from (d). g: Detail of pericarp from (e), showing endocarp formed of dense fibrous tissue, surrounded by mesocarp of anticlinally oriented larger cells. h: Detail of pericarp from (f). i–n: Type material from Eocene of Riestadt, Germany, MNB. i: Ventral view. j, k: Ventral and apical views of holotype. l: View of the transversely fractured surface from (j) showing horseshoe shaped locule. m: Equatorial transverse physical cut of the specimen in (i); note yellow resin cavity (arrow). n: Scanning electron microscopy of pericarp from (l) with locule lining at lower edge of image. Note dense endocarp tissue composed of small cells (fibres and sclereids), extending about 3/5 of distance to periphery, surrounded by mesocarp of larger, anticlinally oriented cells. Scale bars 1 cm in (a–f), (i–k), 1 mm in (g), 2 mm in (h), 3 mm in (l), m, 250 Μm in (n). Bar in (d) applies also to (c). Bar in (l) also applies to (m). Bar in (i) also applies to (j) and (k).
Text-fig. 5. Plant fragments from Govone with evidence of preserved cuticle. a: Decussate pair of leaves of "Thuja" saviana (C.T.GAUDIN) C.T.GAUDIN with a window (arrow) opened in the brownish cuticle, showing the yellowish mesophyll cells and some possible resin canals (dark), MGPT-PU141094. b: Angiosperm leaf fragment (from sample MGPT-PU141017) under the stereomicroscope, showing the blackish compressed mesophyll on the right and patches of cleaned, yellowish cuticle at the top (arrow). Scale bar 1 mm. in Remains Of A Subtropical Humid Forest In A Messinian Evaporitebearing Succession At Govone, Northwestern Italy - Preliminary Results
Text-fig. 5. Plant fragments from Govone with evidence of preserved cuticle. a: Decussate pair of leaves of "Thuja" saviana (C.T.GAUDIN) C.T.GAUDIN with a window (arrow) opened in the brownish cuticle, showing the yellowish mesophyll cells and some possible resin canals (dark), MGPT-PU141094. b: Angiosperm leaf fragment (from sample MGPT-PU141017) under the stereomicroscope, showing the blackish compressed mesophyll on the right and patches of cleaned, yellowish cuticle at the top (arrow). Scale bar 1 mm.
Text-fig. 6. Transmitted light microphotographs of permineralized wood from Govone. a, b: cf. Cupressinoxylon sp., radial section, MGPT-PU141105, a – nodular end of ray parenchyma (arrow), b – thick and pitted horizontal walls of ray parenchyma (arrow). c–f: Pinaceae gen. et sp. indet., MGPT-PU141107, c – abnormal discoloration due to ecological disruptions (radial section), d – rays up to 10 cells high, uniseriate, partly biseriate (black arrow), intercellular spaces observed (white arrows) (tangential section), e – large, thick-walled axial resin canal with more than 9 epithelial cells observed, axial resin canal diameter>60 Μm (transverse section), f – spiral thickenings due to compression (white arrow) (radial section). in Remains Of A Subtropical Humid Forest In A Messinian Evaporitebearing Succession At Govone, Northwestern Italy - Preliminary Results
Text-fig. 6. Transmitted light microphotographs of permineralized wood from Govone. a, b: cf. Cupressinoxylon sp., radial section, MGPT-PU141105, a – nodular end of ray parenchyma (arrow), b – thick and pitted horizontal walls of ray parenchyma (arrow). c–f: Pinaceae gen. et sp. indet., MGPT-PU141107, c – abnormal discoloration due to ecological disruptions (radial section), d – rays up to 10 cells high, uniseriate, partly biseriate (black arrow), intercellular spaces observed (white arrows) (tangential section), e – large, thick-walled axial resin canal with more than 9 epithelial cells observed, axial resin canal diameter>60 Μm (transverse section), f – spiral thickenings due to compression (white arrow) (radial section).
Figure 10 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 10. Agathis and Wollemia resin spectra from FTIR-ATR spectroscopy analysed together: (a) principal component analysis showing PC1 vs. PC2 – open symbols indicate Agathis-derived resins, closed symbols indicate Wollemia-derived resins, and the different coloured treatments are the same as in Figs. 8a and 9a; (b) loadings for PC1; (c) cluster analysis.
Figure 4 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 4. Variation in tree sizes seen in the Wollemia nobilis clonal plants available and grown together in Göttingen prior to experimentation (tallest tree 2.4 m in height).
Figure 6 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 6. Experimental Wollemia nobilis examples: (a–b) branch treatment in which three upper branches were removed to mimic noncatastrophic damage; (c–d) burn treatment in which each tree was burned on one side creating a burn 6 cm in length along the trunk to mimic a wild fire burning at a low level; (a) day 1 of branch treatment with three cuts (arrowheads); (b) final day of branch treatment (same tree as a with small amounts of viscous resin visible at each cut site); (c) day 1 of the burn treatment with no apparent resin exuded; (d) final day of burn treatment with minimal resin exudation (arrowhead).
Figure 7 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 7. Mean FTIR-ATR spectra for (a) Agathis and Wollemia; (b) the four effective Agathis treatments, the dashed lines indicating the area of key differences between the mean spectra; (c) the six effective Wollemia treatments plus the control group.
Figure 1 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 1. Agathis australis grown in New Zealand: (a) seed-grown 10-year-old Agathis australis trees at Oratia Plant Nursery before the start of the experiment; (b) map of New Zealand (inset) with dashed rectangle indicating area of interest. Enlarged area shows the natural range (in green) of the endemic Agathis australis in New Zealand, based on Steward and Beveridge (2010); site of experiment at Oratia is arrowed.
Figure 5 in Experimental induction of resins as a tool to understand variability in ambers
Figure 5. Experimental Wollemia nobilis examples: (a–b) cutoff treatment in which the trees were cut at 20 cm above soil level to mimic catastrophic damage; (c–d) insect treatment in which holes were drilled into the top 20 % of the trunks to mimic wood-boring insect attack; (a) day 1 of cutoff treatment (aerial view); (b) final day of cutoff treatment with viscous white resin visible; (c) day 1 of the insect treatment with one drilled hole and initial resin exudation visible (arrowhead); (d) final day of insect treatment in which three drill holes have exuded less viscous white resin (arrowheads).
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