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83 results for “resource ecology”
Adirondack Public Good Events Database: Natural Resource, Environmental, Economic and Recreation Policy and Common Pool Resources for a Social-Ecological System in Adirondack Park, New York, USA, 1760-2020.
I assembled this dataset from various published sources to evaluate how the social-ecological system (SES) in Adirondack Park, New York changed through time and the interplay of public goods (Common Pool Resources, CPRs), public land rules and private land rights, and related concepts over 260 years (1760-2020). The database was the basis for a doctoral dissertation titled "Blue Lining: Assessing the Resilience of Adirondack Park, New York Using Polycentricity and Panarchy Frameworks." The goal of the dissertation was to assess patterns and changes in institutional rules, actors and arrangements before and after establishment of the public Adirondack Forest Preserve in 1885 and Adirondack Park in 1892 as those actors and rules were modified and as both internal and external events influenced the SES as it moved through different phases of the adaptive cycle through space and time (see panarchy). Using the database, I identified which organizations and events contributed to natural resource and CPR policy. The dissertation can be downloaded here: https://experts.esf.edu/esploro/outputs/99917370604826.
Ecological forecasts for marine resource management during climate extremes
<p><span>Forecasting weather has become commonplace, but as society faces novel and uncertain environmental conditions there is a critical need to forecast ecology. Forewarning of ecosystem conditions during climate extremes can support proactive decision-making, yet applications of ecological forecasts are still limited. We showcase the capacity for existing marine management tools to transition to a forecasting configuration and provide skilful ecological forecasts up to 12 months in advance. The management tools use ocean temperature anomalies to help mitigate whale entanglements and sea turtle bycatch, and we show that forecasts can forewarn of human-wildlife interactions caused by unprecedented climate extremes. <span>We further show that regionally downscaled forecasts are not a necessity for ecological forecasting and can be less skilful than global forecasts if they have fewer ensemble members.</span> Our results highlight capacity for ecological forecasts to be explored for regions without the infrastructure or capacity to regionally downscale, ultimately helping to improve marine resource management and climate adaptation globally.</span></p>
Secondary metabolites from nectar and pollen: a resource for ecological and evolutionary studies
<p>Floral chemistry mediates plant interactions with herbivores, pathogens, and pollinators. The chemistry of floral nectar and pollen—the primary food rewards for pollinators—can affect both plant reproduction and pollinator health. Although the existence and functional significance of nectar and pollen secondary metabolites has long been known, comprehensive quantitative characterizations of secondary chemistry exist for only a few species. Moreover, little is known about intraspecific variation in nectar and pollen chemical profiles. Because the ecological effects of secondary chemicals are dose-dependent, heterogeneity across genotypes and populations could influence floral trait evolution and pollinator foraging ecology. To better understand within- and across-species heterogeneity in nectar and pollen secondary chemistry, we undertook exhaustive LC-MS and LC-UV-based chemical characterizations of nectar and pollen methanol extracts from 31 cultivated and wild plant species. </p> <p>Nectar and pollen were collected from farms and natural areas in Massachusetts, Vermont, and California, USA, in 2013 and 2014. For wild species, we aimed to collect 10 samples from each of 3 sites. For agricultural and horticultural species, we aimed for 10 samples from each of 3 cultivars. Our dataset (1535 samples, 102 identified compounds) identifies and quantifies each compound recorded in methanolic extracts, and includes chemical metadata that describe the molecular mass, retention time, and chemical classification of each compound. A reference phylogeny is included for comparative analyses.</p> <p>We found that each species possessed a distinct chemical profile; moreover, within species, few compounds were found in both nectar and pollen. The most common secondary chemical classes were flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and amines, and chlorogenic acids. The most common compounds were quercetin and kaempferol glycosides. Pollens contained high concentrations of hydroxycinnamoyl-spermidine conjugates, mainly triscoumaroyl and trisferuloyl spermidine, found in 71% of species. When present, pollen alkaloids and spermidines had median nonzero concentrations of 23,000 µM (median 52% of recorded micromolar composition). Although secondary chemistry was qualitatively consistent within each species and sample type, we found significant quantitative heterogeneity across cultivars and sites. These data provide a standard reference for future ecological and evolutionary research on nectar and pollen secondary chemistry, including its role in pollinator health and plant reproduction.</p>
FIGURE 6 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 6 | A. Scaled isotopic niches and B. Isotopic overlap of Haemulon aurolineatum, H. plumierii and H. squamipina captured along the northeast coast of Brazil.
FIGURE 5 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 5 | Isotopic ratios of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ15N) of Haemulon plumierii, H. aurolineatum and H. squamipinna in different latitude gradient and ontogeny captured along the northeast coast of Brazil. The black horizontal line and box represent the median value and the interquartile range, while the vertical lines represent the upper and lower limits. Outliers were not included in the plot. *All caught specimens of H. squamipinna were considered adults, not allowing ontogenetic analysis. Different symbols (*, ** and **) represent significant difference. Ontogeny* - All caught specimens of H. squamipinna were considered adults, not allowing ontogenetic analysis.
FIGURE 3 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 3 | Modified Costello diagram (Pi, prey specific abundance; Fo, frequency of occurence), a scatterplot containing all prey items, showing the feeding strategy of Haemulon aurolineatum and H. plumierii captured along the northeast coast of Brazil.
FIGURE 1 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 1 | Study area and sample points along the continental shelf of the northeast coast of Brazil. Red dots indicate samples for inner position (≤ 20 km) and black dots for outer (> 20 km).
FIGURE 2 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 2 | Feeding intensity indicator (Fi) of Haemulon aurolineatum and H. plumierii in different habitats, latitude gradient, shelf position, ontogeny and period of the day. The black horizontal line and box represent the median value and the interquartile range, while the vertical lines represent the upper and lower limits. Outliers were not included in the plot. Different symbols (* and **) represent significant difference.
FIGURE 4 in Trophic ecology and resource partitioning of Haemulidae species along the Northeastern Brazilian continental shelf
FIGURE 4 | Isotopic ratios of carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ15N) of Haemulon plumierii, H. aurolineatum, and H. squamipinna in different habitats and shelf position captured along the northeast coast of Brazil. The black horizontal line and box represent the median value and the interquartile range, while the vertical lines represent the upper and lower limits. Outliers were not included in the plot. Different symbols (* and **) represent significant difference.
Molecular signatures of resource competition: Clonal interference favors ecological diversification and can lead to incipient speciation
<p>Microbial ecosystems harbor an astonishing diversity that can persist for long times. To understand how such diversity is structured and maintained, ecological and evolutionary processes need to be integrated at similar timescales. Here, we study a model of resource competition that allows for evolution via de novo mutation, and focus on rapidly adapting asexual populations with large mutational inputs, as typical of many bacteria species. We characterize the adaptation and diversification of an initially maladapted population and show how the eco-evolutionary dynamics are shaped by the interaction between simultaneously emerging lineages – clonal interference. We find that in large populations, more intense clonal interference can foster diversification under sympatry, increasing the probability that phenotypically and genetically distinct clusters coexist. In smaller populations, the accumulation of deleterious and compensatory mutations can push further the diversification process and kick-start speciation. Our findings have implications beyond microbial populations, providing novel insights about the interplay between ecology and evolution in clonal populations.</p>
The Ecology-Culture Dataset: a resource for investigating cultural variation (Abbreviated)
<p>Scholars interested in cultural diversity have long suggested that similarities and differences across human populations might be understood, at least in part, as stemming from differences in the social and physical ecologies individuals inhabit. Here, we describe the EcoCultural Dataset (ECD), the most comprehensive compilation to date of country-level ecological and cultural variables around the globe. ECD covers 220 countries, 9 ecological variables operationalized by 11 statistical metrics (including measures of variability and predictability), and 72 cultural variables (including values, personality traits, fundamental social motives, subjective well-being, tightness-looseness, indices of corruption, social capital, and gender inequality). This rich dataset can be used to identify novel relationships between ecological and cultural variables, to assess the overall relationship between ecology and culture, to explore the consequences of interactions between different ecological variables, and to construct new indices of cultural distance.</p> <p>Note: The full dataset with 72 cultural variables is available on OSF (<a href="https://osf.io/45am7/">https://osf.io/45am7/</a>). This is the abbreviated version (66 cultural variables). </p>
Dataset and R script used in "Local knowledge reconstructs historical resource use" published in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
<p>Data and R code used in: L. Castello, E.G. Martins, M. Sorice, E. Smith, M. Almeida, G.C.C. Bastos, L.G. Cardoso, M. Clauzet, A.P. Dopona, B. Ferreira, M. Haimovici, M. Jorge, J. Mendonça, A.O. Ávila-da-Silva, A.P.O. Roman, M. Ramires, L.M. Villwock, P.F.M. Lopes. (Year) Local knowledge reconstructs historical resource use. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.</p>
Molecular signatures of resource competition: Clonal interference favors ecological diversification and can lead to incipient speciation
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Code from: Spatial resource heterogeneity stabilizes local and regional predator-prey dynamics in ecologically-realistic networks
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The Ecology-Culture Dataset: a resource for investigating cultural variation (Abbreviated)
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Ecological forecasts for marine resource management during climate extremes
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Data from: A resource on latitudinal and altitudinal clines of ecologically relevant phenotypes of the Indian Drosophila
The unique geography of the Indian subcontinent has provided diverse natural environments for a variety of organisms. In this region, many ecological indices such as temperature and humidity vary predictably as a function of both latitude and altitude; these environmental parameters significantly affect fundamental dynamics of natural populations. Indian drosophilids are diverse in their geographic distribution and climate tolerance, possibly as a result of climatic adaptation. These associations with environmental parameters are further reflected in a large number of clines that have been reported for various fitness traits along these geographical ranges. This unique amalgamation of environmental variability and genetic diversity make the subcontinent an ecological laboratory for studying evolution in action. We assembled data collected over the last 20 years on the geographical clines for various phenotypic traits in several species of drosophilids and present a web-resource on Indian-Drosophila ( http://www.indian-drosophila.org/). The clinal data on ecologically relevant phenotypes of Indian drosophilids will be useful in addressing questions related to future challenges in biodiversity and ecosystems in this region.
Raw data: multispecies amplicon sequencing (Loera, Studer, and Kölliker, 2021, Molecular Ecology Resources)
<p>Grasslands cover close to two fifths of Earth's land. They provide many ecosystem services related to the maintenance of soil integrity, and the regulation of water, carbon and nitrogen flows. Grasslands constitute the basis for sustainable roughage production for ruminant feeding. In Switzerland, grasslands cover more than 70% of the total agricultural land, which highlights their importance in the domestic food production chains.</p> <p>Plant genetic diversity (PGD), a component of biodiversity, influences ecosystem functioning in grasslands. High levels of grassland PGD are related to resistance against invasive plants and yield stabilization during environmental stress (e.g., drought or frost). The PGD of grasses and legumes —the two most economically relevant plant families found in grasslands, which naturally grow in a wide climate spectrum— harbors valuable genetic resources for forage breeding. Nevertheless, most PGD studies of natural or semi-natural grasslands (i.e., grasslands that are not sown) focus on a single or a few related species. Traditional PGD monitoring methods (e.g., simple sequence repeats, or SSRs) are ill-suited for large-scale, multispecies assessments. This limits our ability to study the ecological effects of grassland PGD, its spatiotemporal patterns, and its significance for grassland management.</p> <p>Looking to provide cost-effective tools for multispecies PGD monitoring in grasslands, we performed a sequence capture assay targeting 611 single-copy nuclear loci, followed by multispecies amplicon sequencing (i.e., amplicon sequencing using primer pairs that can be used in multiple species) on eleven selected loci.</p> <p>Our results indicate that multispecies amplicon sequencing is a cost-effective tool for genetic diversity assessment in grassland plant species. Furthermore, the sequence capture data provides the means to extend the number of multispecies amplicons for further research.</p>
Supporting Data for: Resource requirements for ecosystem conservation: A combined industrial and natural ecology approach to quantifying natural capital use in nature
<p>Data used to derive allometric equations for land area use by mammals, birds, reptiles, and insects, and data for the analysis of natural resource use at the Natural Capital Laboratory site.</p>
Full list of publications dealing with resources nutritional quality in ecology
<p><span>Our understanding of ecosystem functioning is strongly linked to the study of predator-prey relationships and food web structures. However, trophic ecology has often focused on identifying taxonomic relationships and quantifying the biomass or energy ingested by consumers, but has often failed to integrate the importance of the nutritional quality of resources in ecological dynamics. Underlying this gap is the multi-dimensional nature of resource quality which has hampered any consensus on the definition of resource nutritional quality. In this special issue, we aimed at gathering a subset of articles exemplifying the diversity of variables by which resources quality is quantified, the diversity of research topics that can be tackled in ecology - from physiological or evolutionary aspects to ecosystem processes - and propose some perspectives on the integration of nutritional quality within broader ecological concepts. Using a semi-automated literature analysis, we map the current landscape of the "resources nutritional quality" research of the last 30 years. We depict how it has been quantified through physical, biological or chemical indicators, the use of these parameters being largely dependent on the type of ecosystem studied and on the investigated ecological process. We then position t</span><span>he articles published in this special issue of Oikos within this landscape, showing they cover a small but relatively well representative subset of the domains of resources quality-related issues. Articles in this special issue browse a range of individual and population-level approaches (embracing evolutionary questions) to community related questions, include methodological issues and ecosystem-wide approaches using trophic quality indicators as tracers of resources origin. Based on these studies and on the literature review, we identify a non-exhaustive list of challenges and perspectives of research that we consider of highest priority in the large topic of trophic ecology.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.