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39 results for “riparian zones”
RIV06 Remote sensing in and around riparian zones at Konza Prairie
The goal of this project was the measure changes in woody vegetation cover over time, in riparian and non-riparian locations. The study was retrospective, using high resolution aerial imagery to identify areas dominated by grasslands, shrubs, trees, and woody plant that could not be differentiated as shrubs or trees (referred to as “unk” or “unknown”). These data help us understand rates of woody plant cover over time and how these changes might affect other populations (e.g., avifauna) and processes (e.g. hydrology). These data show and increase in woody plant cover across all three watersheds up until 2010, but with less woody plants expansion in the non-riparian zone of watershed and N1B. Through 2020, woody plant expansion continued in watersheds N1B and N4D. In N2B, tree cover decreased sharply in 2011 and remained low through 2020. This was expected due to the tree removal treatment. However, shrub cover increased rapidly over this same time frame, resulting in little net change in total woody cover (tree plus shrub cover). These results suggest that even an extreme intervention of repeated tree removal is not enough to return the riparian zone to a grassland state.
RIV07 Seeding rates woody removal of a tallgrass prairie stream and riparian zone after a decade of woody vegetation removal
In fall of 2010 in watershed N2B ( 39.088976°, -96.588599°), we established plant community plots to assess the potential ability of the riparian zone to shift to a grassland state based on cutting alone and cutting with replanting. The three treatments were 1) naturally open riparian grassland before the removal, 2) areas cleared of woody vegetation, and 3) areas cleared of woody vegetation and seeded with prairie plant species. The addition of the seeded treatment was designed to address if recovery of grassland vegetation is hindered by propagule limitation. The seeded and non-seeded removal plots were adjacent to each other and randomly assigned. In each community type, there were four plots, each of which was 10 m parallel along and 3 m perpendicular to the stream channel. Each plot had four plant composition transects along which we sampled four one m2 subplots along each transect. Vegetative cover of vascular plant species was determined using a modified Daubenmire scale (Gibson and Hulbert 1987).
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Denitrification potential in riparian zones and streams
Denitrification potential and a series of ancillary variables (inorganic nitrogen concentrations, moisture content, organic matter content, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content, potential net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification, microbial respiration, root biomass) has been measured in riparian zone soils and stream geomorphic features by a series of undergraduate and graduate student researchers as part of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study since the early 2000s. These studies often center on the series of sites where there has been long-term monitoring (since 2000) of riparian water tables and groundwater chemistry along four first or second order steams in and around the Gwynns Falls watershed in Baltimore City and County, MD (https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/f7721ec5a4fab5b031f8056824e07e7d). One site is in the completely forested Pond Branch catchment that serves as a "reference" study area for the Baltimore LTER (BES). Two sites (Glyndon, Gwynbrook) are in suburban areas of the watershed; one just upstream from the Glyndon BES long-term stream monitoring site in the headwaters of the Gwynns Falls, and one along a tributary that enters the Gwynns Falls just above the Gwynnbrook BES long-term stream monitoring site farther downstream. The final, urban site (Cahill) is along a tributary to the Gwynns Falls in Leakin Park in the urban core of the watershed. Other sites were used in different studies as described in the publications associated with each study. The different studies also varied in just which ancillary variables were measured.
Riparian zone seedling establishment, growth, dynamics, and the influence of Rhododendron maximum soil moisture: forest floor data at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 2000
The effect of Rhododendron maximum, a dominate species in the riparian zones of the Southern Appalachians, on carbon, water, and nutrients en route to the streams is an ongoing study in the LTER research program at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory. To study seedling establishment, growth, and dynamics in riparian zones one m2 quadrats have been established. There are four sites which include one treatment site, where the rhododendron has been removed from the riparian zone, one hurricane site, where there is extensive disturbance from Hurricane Opal, and two control sites, one upslope from the treatment site and one upstream from the hurricane site. Each of these fours sites have ten randomly located natural regeneration one m2 quadrats as well as four randomly located replicates of three adjacent one m2 quadrats. In each of the three adjacent quadrats, the litter was removed from the lower half to determine the effect of litter on the germination and growth of seedlings. Two of the adjacent quadrats have been broadcast seeded with Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Quercus rubra. In one of the two quadrats that have been broadcast seeded, a predator exclusion mesh screen, 1m x 1/2m with " openings, has been installed in the quadrat to determine the effect of small mammal predation on regeneration. Quadrats were installed on 24 April 1997 and an initial vegetation survey was conducted in May 1997. All seedlings were permanently tagged at this time and quadrat physical characteristics such as slope, aspect, and distance from stream were recorded. Broadcast seeding was done on 21 May 1997. Each year censuses will be conducted in spring and fall on each quadrat and seedling species, density, age, and annual height growth will be recorded. This project will help to document the effect of Rhododendron maximum on regeneration in the riparian areas as well as the effect of hurricane disturbance on regeneration.
Fig. 4 in From forests to cattail: how does the riparian zone influence stream fish?
Fig. 4. Biplot resulting from Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling Analysis (NMDS) with presence and absence data showing ordination of sample units that represent each stream group: preserved (PRE, open circles), intermediate (INT, dark circles), and degraded sites (DEG, triangles). NMDS biplot exhibited stress value of 0.15 in 2-dimension, indicating good to potential useful interpretation (Clarke & Warwick, 2001).
Fig. 5 in From forests to cattail: how does the riparian zone influence stream fish?
Fig. 5. Biplot of the Partial Redundancy Analysis (pRDA) on fish species composition (see abbreviations on Table 2) and abiotic variables relationships (arrows). Species with low abundance were not represented in the biplot following the option "orditorp r" in the package vegan of the software R 2.11.1.
Fig. 3 in From forests to cattail: how does the riparian zone influence stream fish?
Fig. 3. Sample-based rarefaction curve (Obs) and richness estimation curves (Chao 1) by 50 randomizations against cumulative samples of the preserved (PRE), intermediate (INT), and degraded (DEG) sites.
Fig. 2 in From forests to cattail: how does the riparian zone influence stream fish?
Fig. 2. Location of the preserved (PRE, open circles), intermediate (INT, dark circles), and degraded (DEG, triangles) sites in the northwestern portion of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
Fig. 1 in From forests to cattail: how does the riparian zone influence stream fish?
Fig. 1. Characteristic stages of the degradation process of riparian zones in a stream. a) streams with preserved riparian forests (PRE); b) with riparian forests in intermediate stage of degradation (INT); c) without riparian forests and in advanced stage of degradation (DEG).
mDRONES4rivers-project: Portfolios of classification results, UAV and gyrocopter data of project sites situated in riparian zones along federal waterways in Germany with focus on the Rhine River, Germany
<p>Spatially and temporally high-resolution data was acquired with the aid of multispectral sensors mounted on UAV and a gyrocopter platform for the purpose of classification. The work was part of the research and development project „Modern sensors and airborne remote sensing for the mapping of vegetation and hydromorphology along Federal waterways in Germany“ (mDRONES4rivers) in cooperation of the German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Geocoptix GmbH, Hochschule Koblenz und JB Hyperspectral Devices. </p> <p>Within the project period (2019-2022) data was collected at different sites situated in Germany along the Rivers Rhine and Oder. All published data produced within the project can be found by searching for the keyword ‘mDRONES4rivers‘. </p> <p>In this dataset, the following portfolios of classifications, UAS and gyrocopter data of project sites situated in riparian zones along federal waterways in Germany with focus on the Rhine River are available for download:</p> <p>• Multispectral orthophotos produced with the aid of UAS (PDF, Detailed description of sensors and data acquisition procedure; abbreviation: MS_ORTHO)</p> <p>• RGB-orthophotos and digital surface models produced with the aid of UAS (PDF, Detailed description of sensors and data acquisition procedure; abbreviation: PH_SR_ORTHO_DSM)</p> <p>• Multispectral orthophotos and Digital Surface Models produced with the aid of a gyrocopter (PDF, Detailed description of sensors and data acquisition procedure; abbreviation: PANX_ORTHO_DSM)</p> <p>• Classification results based on UAV- and a gyrocopter data (PDF, Detailed description of processing procedure for different classification levels; abbreviation: CLASSIF_PROD)</p> <p>• German translated version of all above mentioned product portfolios (PDF, abbreviation: product_portfolio_collection_ger)</p>
mDRONES4rivers-project: Classification results based on UAV data of project sites situated in riparian zones along federal waterways in Germany with focus on the Rhine River, Germany
<p>Spatially and temporally high-resolution data was acquired with the aid of multispectral sensors mounted on UAV and a gyrocopter platform for the purpose of classification. The work was part of the research and development project „Modern sensors and airborne remote sensing for the mapping of vegetation and hydromorphology along Federal waterways in Germany“ (mDRONES4rivers) in cooperation of the German Federal Institute of Hydrology (BfG), Geocoptix GmbH, Hochschule Koblenz und JB Hyperspectral Devices. <br> Within the project period (2019-2022) an object oriented image classification was conducted based on UAV and gyrocopter data for different sites situated in Germany along the Rivers Rhine and Oder. All published data produced within the project can be found by searching for the keyword ‘mDRONES4rivers‘. <br> In this dataset, the following classification results and metadata of the project sites situated in riparian zones along federal waterways in Germany with focus on the Rhine River, Germany is available for download:<br> • Basic & Vegetation Classification (ESRI Shapefile; abbreviation: lvl2_vegetation_units)<br> • Classification of dominant stands (ESRI Shapefile; abbreviation: lvl4_dominant_stands )<br> • Classification of substrat types (ESRI Shapefile; abbreviation: lvl4_substrate_types)<br> • associated reports (PDF; statistical and additional information on the classifiaction results and workflow)<br> The above-mentioned files are provided for download as dataset stored in one directory per projekt site and season (e.g. mDRONES4rivers_Niederwerth_2019_03_Summer_Classification.zip = projectname_projectsite_year_no.season_name.season_product). To provide an overview of all files and general background information plus data preview the following files are additionally provided: <br> • Portfolios (PDF, Detailed description of classification products and classification workflow, 1x for basic surface types, 1x for classification of vegetation units, 1x for classification of dominant stands, 1x for classification of substrate types)<br> • Color Coding table for the visualization of the classifiaction units (.xlsx)</p>
Fig. 3 in Diversity And Structure Of Nesting Birds In The Coastal Riparian Zones Of Great Kabylia In Algeria
Fig. 3. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) Showing the Avifauna Organization According to the Study Sites and the Environmental Variables.
Fig. 6 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 6. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) of invertebrates associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (gray circles), Macuco (black squares) and Pau Amarelo (white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Only taxa vectors with correlations>0.3 are included in the plot. T7, T15, T30, T45 and T60: sampling intervals (Bae: Baetidae; Calo, Calopterygidae; Chi, Chironominae; Elm.A, Elmidae adult; Elm.L, Elamidae larva; Emp, Empididae; Ger, Gerridae; Gom, Gomphidae; Hel, Helichopsychidae; Hydra, Hydracarina; Hyd.psy, Hydropsychidae; Hyd.ptil, Hydroptilidae; Lep.cer, Leptoceridae; Lep.hyp, Leptohyphidae; Lep.phl, Leptophlebiidae; Meg, Megapodagrionidae; Nau, Naucoridae; Odo, Odontoceridae; Oli, Oligochaeta; Ort, Orthocladiinae; Per, Perlidae; Philo, Philopotamidae; Poly, Polycentropodidae; Pse, Psephenidae; Psy, Psychodidae; Tany, Tanypodinae; Vel, Veliidae).
Fig. 3 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 3. Values (mean ± SE) of invertebrate density associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Fig. 5 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 5. Species accumulation curves (Mao-Tau sampled based rarefaction with 95% confidence intervals) of invertebrates associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Fig. 1 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 1. Daily mean values of water temperature (lines) and luminosity (columns) in Luxemburgo (gray), Macuco (black) and Pau Amarelo (white) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil during the experiment.
Fig. 2 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 2. Contents of chlorophyll-a (mean ± SE) on the cobbles incubated in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
Fig. 2 in Influence of the riparian zone phytophysiognomies on the longitudinal distribution of fishes: evidence from a Brazilian savanna stream
Fig. 2. Two-dimension ordinations based on Jaccard similarity coefficient (a) and on Bray-Curtis (b), considering the ten samples from the wet and dry seasons from the Correntes stream, central west Brazil.
Fig. 1 in Influence of the riparian zone phytophysiognomies on the longitudinal distribution of fishes: evidence from a Brazilian savanna stream
Fig. 1. Map showing localization of the sampled reaches of Correntes stream in the plateau region of the Paraguay basin, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil.
In situ Denitrification Rates in the Riparian Zone of Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed, Alaska, 2002 - 2004
Prior to this investigation, denitrification had not been intensively measured in headwater catchments of interior Alaska. The primary purpose of this database was to estimate the importance of denitrification as a mechanism of nitrogen retention in the riparian zone of watersheds underlain by discontinuous permafrost.
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