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17 results for “root functional traits”
How is tree growth rate linked to root functional traits in phylogenetically related poplar hybrids?
<p>Fine roots play a crucial role in soil nutrient and water acquisition, significantly contributing to tree growth. Fine roots with a high specific root length (SRL) and small diameter are often considered to help trees grow fast. However, inconsistencies in the literature do not provide a clear basis on the effect of root functional traits, such as SRL or root mass density (RMD), on tree growth rate in phylogenetically related trees. Our aim was to examine relationships between tree growth rate and root functional traits, using clones displaying different growth rates in a hybrid poplar plantation located in New Liskeard, ON, Canada. Fine roots (diameter < 2 mm) samples were collected using soil cores at depths of 0–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm, and analyzed for morphological, chemical and architectural traits. High SRL and thin fine roots were associated with the least productive clones, which is not consistent with the root economics spectrum (RES) theory. However, the most productive clone had larger fine root diameter and higher root lignin concentrations, probably reducing root construction and maintenance costs and C losses. Therefore, at the 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths, tree growth rates showed positive correlations with root diameter and root lignin concentrations, but negative correlations with SRL and root soluble compounds concentration. Increasing RMD at the 0–20 cm depth promoted tree growth rates, showing the importance of soil exploration in the topsoil for tree growth. We conclude that fine root variation does not always follow the RES hypothesis and argue that the rapid growth rate of trees may also be driven by fine root growth in diameter and mass in phylogenetically related trees.</p>
Data_Schönauer et al. (2023)_Root and branch hydraulic functioning and trait coordination across organs in drought-deciduous and evergreen tree species of a subtropical highland forest
<p>Data used in</p> <p>Schönauer, M., Hietz, P., Schuldt, B., and Rewald, B. (2023). Root and branch hydraulic functioning and trait coordination across organs in drought-deciduous and evergreen tree species of a subtropical highland forest. Frontiers in plant science 14, 1127292. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127292</p>
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
<p>Premise of the study While many studies have measured the aboveground responses of plants to mycorrhizal fungi at a single time point, little is known about how plants respond belowground or across time to mycorrhizal symbiosis. By measuring belowground responses as well as growth over time in many plant species, we create a more complete picture of how mycorrhizal fungi benefit their hosts. Methods We grew 26 prairie plant species with and without mycorrhizal fungi and measured fourteen functional traits measuring above and belowground tissue quality and quantity responses and changes in resource allocation. We used function-value trait (FVT) modeling to characterize changes in species growth rate when colonized. Key results While aboveground biomass responses were positive, the response of traits belowground were much more variable. Changes in aboveground biomass accounted for 60.8% of the variation in mycorrhizal responses, supporting the use of aboveground biomass response as the primary response trait. Responses belowground were not associated with aboveground responses and accounted for 18.3% of the variation. Growth responses over time were highly variable across species. Interestingly, none of the measured responses were phylogenetically conserved. Conclusions Mycorrhizal fungi increase plant growth in most scenarios, but the effects of these fungi belowground and across time are more complicated. This study highlights how differences in plant allocation priorities might affect how they utilize the benefits from mycorrhizal fungi. Identifying and characterizing these differences is a key step to understanding the effects of mycorrhizal mutualisms on whole plant physiology. </p>
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
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Root functional traits determine the magnitude of the rhizosphere priming effect among eight tree species
<p><span>Rhizosphere priming effect </span>can accelerate or decelerate the decomposition of soil organic matter. Using a natural abundance <sup>13</sup>C tracer method allowing partitioning of native soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition and plant rhizosphere respiration, we studied the effects of eight tree species on the strength of the rhizosphere priming. All tree species enhanced the rate of SOC decomposition, by 82% on average. <span>M</span><span>ean diameter of first-order roots and root exudate-derived respiration</span><span> were positively correlated with the RPE</span><span>, together explaining a large part of the observed variation in the RPE (<em>R<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.72), whereas root branching density was negatively associated with the RPE. Path analyses further suggested that mean diameter of first-order roots was the main driver of the RPE owing to its positive direct effect on the RPE and its indirect effects via root exudate-derived respiration and root branching density. </span>These results demonstrate that the magnitude of the RPE is regulated by complementary aspects of root morphology, architecture and physiology, implying that comprehensive approaches are needed to reveal the multiple mechanisms driving plant effects on the RPE.</p>
Effects of long-term mowing on leaf- and root-associated bacterial community structures are linked to functional traits in 11 plant species from a temperate steppe
<ol> <li><span>Long-term mowing can cause morphological stuntedness of plants, thus reducing grassland productivity and exacerbating grassland degradation. Although plant microbiomes can enhance plant resistance against disturbance, considerable uncertainty exists regarding how mowing and mowing-induced plant trait plasticity affect plant microbiomes in natural grasslands. </span></li> <li><span>Here we examined the responses of leaf-/root-associated bacterial (LAB/RAB) communities of 11 dominant herbaceous perennials (6 replicates per species) to a 17-year mowing treatment in a temperate grassland. We also measured leaf/root physiological and morphological traits and analyzed the relationships among mowing practice, bacterial community structures, and leaf/root trait parameters. </span></li> <li><span>We found that both leaf and root functional traits showed interspecific variations (variations across different plant species), while only the leaf traits exhibited intraspecific variation (treatment-induced variations within plant species) between the treatments. Similarly, the LAB community structure was more sensitive to mowing but less influenced by host species identity, compared to the RAB community. The RAB community structure was primarily shaped by host species identity, while mowing was a secondary influencing factor. </span></li> <li> <span>The different patterns of LAB and RAB communities in response to mowing could be specifically explained by the inter-/intraspecific variations of the related leaf and root traits. The LAB community was strongly correlated with the leaf traits which exhibited mowing-induced plasticity (intraspecific variation), with the correlations with nitrogen resorption efficiency and aboveground dry weight being the greatest. The root traits were important indicators of bacterial community structure in the root compartment across the hosts, rather than between the treatments. Root tissue density</span> <span>showed the strongest interspecific variation, and was identified as an overwhelming driver of the RAB community. The shifts in LAB/RAB communities under mowing were largely attributed to the increased proportions of Actinobacteria. The high mowing sensitivity of the LAB community was associated with the enrichment of soil-derived Actinobacteria in leaves under mowing. Actinobacteria were also the main keystone taxa in the bacterial community networks under mowing.</span> </li> <li><span>Our results demonstrate that the magnitude of plant-associated microbial community response to long-term mowing is plant compartment- and trait-variation-dependent, and advance our understanding of the leaf/root microbiome-trait relationships in complex plant communities.</span></li> </ol>
Root functional traits and growth rates in savanna trees and grasses
<p>Root-based functional traits are relatively overlooked as drivers of savanna plant community dynamics, an important gap in water-limited ecosystems. Recent work has shed light on patterns of trait coordination in roots, but less is known about the relationship between root functional traits, water acquisition, and plant demographic rates. Here, we investigated how fine-root vascular and morphological traits are related in two dominant PFTs (C<sub>3</sub> trees and C<sub>4</sub> grasses from the savanna biome), whether root traits can predict plant relative growth rate (RGR), and whether root trait relationships differ in trees and grasses. We used root data from 21 tree and 18 grass species grown under greenhouse conditions, and quantified a suite of vascular and morphological root traits. We used a principal components analysis (PCA) to identify common axes of trait variation, compared trait correlation matrices between the two PFTs, and investigated the relationship between PCA axes and individual traits and RGR. We found that there was no clear single axis integrating vascular and morphological traits, but found that vascular anatomy predicted RGR in both trees and grasses. Trait correlation matrices differed in trees and grasses, suggesting potentially divergent patterns of trait coordination between the two functional types. Our results suggested that, despite differences in trait relationships between trees and grasses, root conductivity may constrain maximum growth rate in both PFTs, highlighting the critical role that water relations play in savanna vegetation dynamics and suggesting that root water transport capacity is an important predictor of plant performance in the savanna biome.</p>
Data from: Variations in root functional traits facilitate the adaptation of pioneer plants to rare earth element mine tailings
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Root functional traits and growth rates in savanna trees and grasses
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Effects of long-term mowing on leaf- and root-associated bacterial community structures are linked to functional traits in 11 plant species from a temperate steppe
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Functional traits and phylogenetic structure based on root neighborhoods shape the mechanisms of species coexistence in underground communities
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Root functional traits determine the magnitude of the rhizosphere priming effect among eight tree species
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Data from: Predicting fine root lifespan from plant functional traits in temperate trees
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Data from: Individual and non-additive effects of exotic sap-feeders on root functional and mycorrhizal traits of a shared conifer host
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Patterns of genetic diversity vary among shoot and root functional traits in Norway spruce (Picea abies) along a latitudinal gradient
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Functional leaf and root traits Espeletia Colombia
<p>Values for leaf and root functional traits of species belonging to the Espeletiinae subtribe. </p>
Polyphosphate-Induced Changes in Transcriptome and Root-Functional Traits Elucidate Enhanced Phosphorus Acquisition Mechanisms and Growth of Durum Wheat
GEO Series GSE277488. Triticum turgidum. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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