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7 results for “root trait multidimensionality”
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
<p>Premise of the study While many studies have measured the aboveground responses of plants to mycorrhizal fungi at a single time point, little is known about how plants respond belowground or across time to mycorrhizal symbiosis. By measuring belowground responses as well as growth over time in many plant species, we create a more complete picture of how mycorrhizal fungi benefit their hosts. Methods We grew 26 prairie plant species with and without mycorrhizal fungi and measured fourteen functional traits measuring above and belowground tissue quality and quantity responses and changes in resource allocation. We used function-value trait (FVT) modeling to characterize changes in species growth rate when colonized. Key results While aboveground biomass responses were positive, the response of traits belowground were much more variable. Changes in aboveground biomass accounted for 60.8% of the variation in mycorrhizal responses, supporting the use of aboveground biomass response as the primary response trait. Responses belowground were not associated with aboveground responses and accounted for 18.3% of the variation. Growth responses over time were highly variable across species. Interestingly, none of the measured responses were phylogenetically conserved. Conclusions Mycorrhizal fungi increase plant growth in most scenarios, but the effects of these fungi belowground and across time are more complicated. This study highlights how differences in plant allocation priorities might affect how they utilize the benefits from mycorrhizal fungi. Identifying and characterizing these differences is a key step to understanding the effects of mycorrhizal mutualisms on whole plant physiology. </p>
Data from: Measuring leaf and root functional traits uncovers multidimensionality of plant responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
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Precipitation, rather than temperature drives coordination of multidimensional root traits with ectomycorrhizal fungi in alpine coniferous forests
<ol> <li><span>The interactions between roots and mycorrhizal fungi are critical for our understanding of the multidimensional root economics space. Our knowledge on their relationships comes mainly from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plants, and less is known about how roots are coordinated with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities, especially in ECM-dominated alpine forests that are highly sensitive to climate change worldwide.</span></li> <li> <span>Here, we investigated the coordination between roots and ECM fungi and their drivers by measuring </span><span>multiple</span><span> root traits, ECM fungal </span><span>composition and environmental factors of 47 coniferous populations across the alpine coniferous forests </span><span>on the Tibetan Plateau.</span> </li> <li> <span>Our results reveal two independent fine-root trait dimensions, i.e., root foraging dimension and root uptake dimension, which are represented by</span> <span>root diameter-specific root length, root tissue density-root N concentration. Importantly, the hyphal exploration-type-based ECM foraging correlated significantly with both root foraging and root uptake dimension. Further, in the low-temperature plateau, it is precipitation-induced changes in soil moisture, soil nutrients and pH that drive the proportion of </span><span>longer-</span><span>distance hyphal exploration types to increase with </span><span>higher root </span><span>foraging </span><span>by higher </span><span>specific root length, and </span><span>to </span><span>decrease with </span><span>higher </span><span>uptake </span><span>by higher </span><span>root N concentration.</span> </li> <li> <span><em>Synthesis</em>.</span><span> The coordination of multidimensional root traits with ECM fungi differs greatly from the well-recognized pattern in AM plants that mycorrhizal fungi connect predominantly with root foraging and that roots and mycorrhizal fungi are temperature sensitive. These findings provide a new insight for our holistic understanding of how roots and mycorrhizal fungi vary collaboratively and hence driving plant community assembly and responses to the changing climate.</span> </li> </ol>
Data from: Different phylogenetic and environmental controls of first-order root morphological and nutrient traits: evidence of multidimensional root traits
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Precipitation, rather than temperature drives coordination of multidimensional root traits with ectomycorrhizal fungi in alpine coniferous forests
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Data from: Climate and soil nutrients differentially drive multidimensional fine root traits in ectomycorrhizal‐dominated alpine coniferous forests
<ol> <li><span><span>Fine root traits vary greatly with environmental changes, but the understanding of root-trait variation and its drivers is limited over broad geographical scales, especially for ectomycorrhizal (ECM)-dominated conifers in alpine forests. Herein, the covariation patterns of and environmental controls for fine root traits among ECM-dominated conifers were examined to test whether and how climate and soil nutrients differentially affect fine root trait variations.</span></span></li> <li><span><span>Eight traits of first- and second-order roots were measured, i.e., root diameter (RD), specific root length (SRL), branching intensity (BRI), root tissue density (RTD), mycorrhizal colonization rate (MCR), and concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), across 76 alpine coniferous populations on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, China.</span></span></li> <li><span><span>Our results showed that variations of the fine root traits fell into two major dimensions: the first dimension (32.39% of the total variance) was mainly represented by RD and SRL, potentially conveying a tradeoff between root lifespan and efficiency of resource foraging; the second dimension (23.70% of the variance) represented coordinated variation for root nutrients (i.e., N and P) and RTD, which depicts the conservation-acquisition tradeoff in resource uptake, i.e., root economic spectrum (RES). Variations in RD and SRL were mainly driven by climatic variables, characterized by a significant increase in RD and a decrease in SRL with increasing mean annual precipitation. In contrast, variations in fine root nutrients (i.e., N and P) and RTD were primarily driven by soil fertility, showing a significant increase in root N and P concentrations but a decrease in RTD with increasing soil resource levels.</span></span></li> <li><span><span><i>Synthesis. </i>Our study clearly shows two distinct dimensions of the variation of fine root traits in ECM-dominated alpine coniferous forests, providing further evidence of the inherent multidimensionality of root traits. Moreover, our findings highlight different roles of climatic and soil variables in driving the variation of fine root traits, potentially leading to the multidimensionality of root traits. This study provides new insights for understanding and predicting shifts in plant belowground strategies in climate-sensitive alpine forests worldwide.</span></span></li> </ol>
Data from: Climate and soil nutrients differentially drive multidimensional fine root traits in ectomycorrhizal‐dominated alpine coniferous forests
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