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7 results for “rosewood”
Taxonomic studies on Malagasy Dalbergia (Fabaceae). III. Two new species from Southeastern Madagascar and an emended description of the rosewood species D. maritima
<p>The Malagasy rosewood species <em>Dalbergia maritima</em> has a long history of unsustainable exploitation for its beautiful, burgundy-colored heartwood. As currently circumscribed, <em>D. maritima</em> has a wide geographic distribution in eastern Madagascar and exhibits significant morphological, ecological, and genetic variation, suggesting it may comprise more than a single entity. Multivariate analyses of leaf, flower, and inflorescence characters as well as eco-geographic features reveal several morphologically well delimited entities with distinct habitat preferences and/or geographic ranges, which are consistent with results from recent phylogenomic and population genomic studies of Malagasy <em>Dalbergia</em>. Based on these findings, we describe and illustrate two new species from southeastern Madagascar comprising material previously assigned to <em>D. maritima</em>, viz. <strong><em>D. pseudomaritima</em></strong>, characterized by paniculate inflorescences and small, broadly elliptic to orbicular, glabrous leaflets, and <strong><em>D. razakamalalae</em></strong>, distinguished by racemose inflorescences with large flowers, and narrowly ovate to narrowly elliptic, glabrous leaflets. <em>Dalbergia maritima</em> is consequently re-circumscribed to include only populations from east-central Madagascar, within which we recognize two subspecies, <em>D. maritima</em> subsp. <em>maritima</em>, with glabrous leaves, inflorescence axes, and gynoecia, occurring in littoral forest habitats, and <strong><em>D. maritima</em> subsp. <em>pubescens</em></strong>, with indument on these structures, and growing in evergreen humid forest farther inland. Photos are provided for each taxon, along with line drawings for the two new species. Provisional IUCN Red List assessments indicate that all three species are Endangered, <em>D. maritima</em> and <em>D. razakamalalae</em> mainly because of selective logging for trade in their high-quality heartwood, and <em>D. pseudomaritima</em> primarily because of habitat degradation due to land clearing and fire for subsistence agriculture, which has important implications for their conservation and sustainable management.</p>
A target capture approach for phylogenomic analyses at multiple evolutionary timescales in rosewoods (Dalbergia spp.) and the legume family (Fabaceae)
<p>Understanding the genetic changes associated with the evolution of biological diversity is of fundamental interest to molecular ecologists. The assessment of genetic variation at hundreds or thousands of unlinked genetic loci forms a sound basis to address questions ranging from micro- to macro-evolutionary timescales, and is now possible thanks to advances in sequencing technology. Major difficulties are associated with i) the lack of genomic resources for many taxa, especially from tropical biodiversity hotspots, ii) scaling the numbers of individuals analyzed and loci sequenced, and iii) building tools for reproducible bioinformatic analyses of such datasets. To address these challenges, we developed a set of target capture probes for phylogenomic studies of the highly diverse, pantropically distributed and economically significant rosewoods (<em>Dalbergia</em> spp.), explored the performance of an overlapping probe set for target capture across the legume family (Fabaceae), and built a general-purpose bioinformatics pipeline. Phylogenomic analyses of <em>Dalbergia</em> species from Madagascar yielded highly resolved and well supported hypotheses of evolutionary relationships. Population genomic analyses identified differences between closely related species and revealed the existence of a potentially new species, suggesting that the diversity of Malagasy <em>Dalbergia</em> species has been underestimated. Analyses at the family level corroborated previous findings by the recovery of monophyletic subfamilies and many well-known clades, as well as high levels of gene tree discordance, especially near the root of the family. The new genomic and bioinformatics resources will hopefully advance systematics and ecological genetics research in legumes, and promote conservation of the highly diverse and endangered <em>Dalbergia</em> rosewoods.</p>
Taxonomic studies on Malagasy Dalbergia (Fabaceae). III. Two new species from Southeastern Madagascar and an emended description of the rosewood species D. maritima
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A target capture approach for phylogenomic analyses at multiple evolutionary timescales in rosewoods (Dalbergia spp.) and the legume family (Fabaceae)
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Physiological responses of rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri under drought and heat stresses
<i>Dalbergia cochinchinensis</i> and <i>D. oliveri</i> are classified as vulnerable and endangered respectively in the IUCN Red List and under continued threat from deforestation and illegal harvesting for rosewood. Despite emerging efforts to conserve and restore these species, little is known of their responses to drought and heat stress, which are expected to increase in the Greater Mekong Subregion where the species co-occur and are endemic. In this study of isolated and combined drought and heat effects, we found that <i>D. oliveri</i> had an earlier stomatal closure and more constant midday water potential in response to increasing drought level, suggesting that <i>D. oliveri</i> is relatively isohydric while <i>D. cochinchinensis</i> is relatively anisohydric. Heat shock and drought had synergistic effects on stomatal closure. Our results indicate contrasting relationships in water relations, photosynthetic pigment levels and total soluble sugars. An increase in chlorophyll a was observed in <i>D. cochinchinensis</i> during drought and a concomitant increase in carotenoid content likely afforded protection against photo-oxidation. These physiological changes correlated with higher total soluble sugars in <i>D. cochinchinensis</i>. By contrast, <i>D. oliveri</i> avoided drought by reducing chlorophyll content and compromising productivity. Anisohydry and drought tolerance in <i>D. cochinchinensis</i> are adaptations which fit well with its ecological niche as a pioneering species with faster growth in young trees. We believe this understanding of the stress responses of both species will be crucial to their effective regeneration and conservation in degraded habitats and in the face of climate change.
Data from: Population genetic structure of the endemic rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri at a regional scale reflects the Indochinese landscape and life-history traits
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Physiological responses of rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri under drought and heat stresses
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.