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14 results for “ruffed grouse”
Ruffed grouse stress-scape dataset
<p>Context</p> <p>Variability in temperature and snow cover are characteristics of high-latitude environments that impose significant pressures on overwintering species. To cope with increased energetic demands and decreased resources, species occupying seasonal environments often seek out refugia that buffer them from inclement conditions. Ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) roosting in the thermally stable microhabitat beneath deep snow are buffered from negative effects of cold temperatures on physiological stress (glucocorticoid hormone levels).</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>Despite physiological advantages of accessing warmer refugia during winter, it is unknown how land cover and winter climate promote the occurrence of such refugia over space and time. Analogous to the landscape of fear, which mediates how prey navigate spatial variation in predation risk, mapping a landscape of stress, or stress-scape, may identify hotspots where metabolic challenges persist.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We assayed droppings for fecal corticosterone metabolites (FCMs) collected from radio-tagged ruffed grouse over three winters and developed a spatial model of FCM concentrations across the extent of our study area, thus quantifying a stress-scape.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>FCMs increased with shallower snow depths, less dense snow, colder ambient temperatures, and more open habitat. However, despite considerable spatiotemporal variation in snow depth, snow density, and temperature, the regions across the landscape where grouse had elevated FCM levels were consistent and predictable across years.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Stress-scapes offer a new tool for understanding and quantifying indirect effects of stressors and can identify areas of the landscape where there may be consistent hotspots of stress that are the result of multiple ecological and environmental challenges. </p>
ARU audio recordings with ruffed grouse annotations (Pennsylvania, 2020)
<p>This dataset contains audio and annotations for ruffed grouse (<em>Bonasa umbellus</em>) drumming events.</p> <p>Audio is organized into subfolders by date (4 dates) and by SD card (each of the 56 SD cards was used to record data from an AudioMoth acoustic recorder in Pennsylvania in 2020). For each day and SD card there is one 5-minute audio file. The table in the annotations folder contains presence/absence (ie 1 or 0) labels for each minute (eg 0-60 seconds, 60-120, ...) of each audio file. Additionally, the annotations folder contains subfolders with annotation text files created in raven specifying the time and frequency bounds of each annotated ruffed grouse drumming event. Audio files with zero annotations do not have an annotation .txt file, except one. The file names and directory structure of Raven annotation files and audio files are an exact match, except for the file extensions (.wav vs .Table.1.selections.txt).</p> <p>This data was used to evaluate an automated recognition method designed to detect ruffed grouse drumming (Lapp et al 2022)</p> <p>Lapp, S., Larkin, J., Parker, H., Larkin, J., Shaffer, D., Tett, C., McNeil, D., Fiss, C., Kitzes, J., In Review. "Automated recognition of Ruffed Grouse drumming in field recordings". Wildlife Society Bulletin. </p>
Data for: Ruffed grouse roosting behaviour
<p>Behavioural flexibility is an important way in which animals respond to changing environmental conditions. During winter, snow cover is an important seasonal refuge that provides thermal insulation and protects overwintering species from predators. However, snow depth and quality can be highly variable throughout winter, and it is unclear how species that use snow cover adjust their behaviour with changing winter conditions and in complex landscapes. During winter months, Ruffed Grouse <em>Bonasa umbellus</em> spend a large portion of time roosting in trees, understory, and in some cases, subnivean environments. Importantly, the ability to snow roost has been associated with reduced stress levels and increased overwinter survival. Across three winters, we studied the plasticity of roosting behaviour across a diversity of winter conditions and land cover types. In line with predictions, grouse were more likely to use snow burrows when snow was deep and powdery, and experienced warmer temperatures in snow roosts compared to other roost types. However, snow roosting behaviour did not vary strongly across land cover types, and grouse were not more likely to use snow burrows at colder temperatures, potentially because snow roosting may serve to protect grouse from predators regardless of winter weather conditions. Both the snow conditions necessary for snow roosting and the occurrence of snow roosting behaviour, were relatively rare during our 3-year study (only 3% of all roosts were snow burrows). Loss of winter refugia due to warming winters and declining snow cover may limit the use of behavioural flexibility for winter-adapted species to cope with environmental change.</p>
Data for: Ruffed grouse roosting behaviour
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ARU audio recordings with ruffed grouse annotations (Pennsylvania, 2020)
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Data from: Does a decision support tool designed to depict West Nile Virus risk explain variation in ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) use of managed forests?
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Ruffed grouse stress-scape dataset
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Hubbard Brook site, station 10-hectare bird count plot at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, study of anumal abundance of Bonasa umbellus (ruffed grouse) in units of numberPer10Hectares on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Hubbard Brook (HBR) contains anumal abundance of Bonasa umbellus (ruffed grouse) measurements in numberPer10Hectares units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) drumming surveys, 1987-2017, Adirondack Long-Term Ecological Monitoring Program Project No. 9 by Adirondack Ecological Center of the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Newcomb, New York. Environmental Data Initiative
The objective is to document long-term population trends of ruffed grouse in a northern hardwood ecosystem. The survey area is the Huntington Wildlife Forest, a 6,000 ha field station which receives no hunting pressure. Routes are surveyed starting an hour prior to sunrise on 2-5 mornings each year between April 14 and May 9 (occasionally later), on days when wind and rain are minimal to absent. Counts are standardized relative to weather conditions and timing. Observers count the number of individual ruffed grouse heard drumming (""drummers"") at 32-50 route stations during a 4-minute period. Trends at stations over time as well as overall drummer index are calculated and compared to independent datasets.
Ruffed Grouse Resource Selection Function and Survival Datasets
<p>For overwintering species, individuals' ability to find refugia from inclement weather and predators likely confers strong fitness benefits. How animals use their environment can be mediated by their personality (e.g., risk-taking), but does personality mediate how overwintering species select refugia? Snow cover is a dynamic winter characteristic that can influence crypsis or provide below-the-snow refugia. We explored how wintering ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) selected snow roosting sites, a behavior that reduces stress and cold exposure. We linked selection for ~700 roosts with survival of 42 grouse, and showed that grouse generally selected deeper snow and warmer areas. Grouse found in shallow snow were less likely to survive winter. However, individuals with personalities for selecting deep snow improved their survival, suggesting that demographic consequences of selecting winter refugia are mediated by differences in personality<i>.</i> Our study provides a crucial, and seldom addressed, link between personality in resource selection and resulting demographic consequences.</p>
Sensitivity of multiple vital rates for ruffed grouse in the upper Great Lakes region
<p>Effective management of wildlife requires a full understanding of population dynamics and knowledge of potential drivers that influence population growth. The Ruffed Grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) is a popular upland game bird widely distributed across the northern United States and Canada that has experienced population declines within portions of its range in response to forest maturation and habitat loss. Although the species has been extensively studied, few efforts have been made to synthesize demographic data into a sensitivity analysis to guide management actions. We reviewed the literature and compiled Ruffed Grouse vital rates from 14 field studies conducted across four decades (1982−2018) within the Upper Great Lakes region of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, USA. We parameterized a deterministic matrix model to evaluate population dynamics and conducted sensitivity analyses to identify vital rates projected to have the greatest influence on the finite rate of population change (λ). Our modeling effort projected a stable but highly variable annual rate of population change (λ = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.88–1.14) for Ruffed Grouse in the Upper Great Lakes region. Stochastic rates of population change derived from spring drumming surveys (λ = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.61–1.45) and Christmas Bird Count surveys (λ = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.62–1.76) of the corresponding regional population provided validation of stable trends over the same time period as our demographic model. Prospective elasticities and variance-scaled sensitivities suggested λ would be greatly influenced by components of reproductive performance: nesting success, chick survival, and post-fledging juvenile survival. Retrospective analysis indicated that much of the overall variability in λ and annual productivity was also attributed to annual variation in nesting success. Management of this species has often focused on fall and overwinter survival, but population projection models provided little evidence that survival was the predominant factor affecting population growth of Ruffed Grouse in this region. A suite of confounding factors and demographic processes that drive population trends can differ significantly across a species' range. In the Upper Great Lakes region, management efforts aimed at maximizing reproductive success would likely have the greatest potential influence on Ruffed Grouse population growth. Other types of systematic, regional survey data can also be useful for validating population trends derived from demographic modeling studies.</p>
Ruffed Grouse Resource Selection Function and Survival Datasets
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Sensitivity of multiple vital rates for ruffed grouse in the upper Great Lakes region
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Data from: Landscape effects on the contemporary genetic structure of Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus) populations
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