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15 results for “saddle grid”
Aboveground net primary productivity data for Saddle grid, 1992 - ongoing.
Total aboveground live vascular biomass was clipped from 50x20 cm plots in areas near the saddle grid permanent plots on Niwot Ridge to measure net primary productivity. NDVI measurements were also included in some years.
Snow depth data for Saddle grid, 1992 - ongoing.
The depth of snow was measured at 88 points on the saddle grid. The 500 x 350 m study area (17.5 ha) consisted of a grid of 8 rows of stakes in an east/west direction and 11 rows of stakes in a north/south direction (for a total of 88 stakes). The stakes were located 50 m apart. Each stake was given a point identification number starting with 1 in the southwest corner and progressing in an easterly direction for each of the east/west rows so that if head of this file represented the north compass point and the tail represented the south compass point, then the grid would look like this: 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 801(=80A) 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 701(=70A) 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 601(=60A) 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 501(=50A) 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 401(=40A) 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 301(=30A) 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 201(=20A) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 101(=10A) Note that stakes along the east boundary of the grid, i.e. those ending with the "A", were given new designations to facilitate incorporation of the data into the Saddle GIS. Snow depths at each of the stakes were recorded on a weekly to biweekly basis throughout the period during which snow accumulation existed on the Saddle.
Plant species composition data for Saddle grid, 1989 - ongoing.
Permanent 1 m^2 vegetation plots were established near each of the 88 Saddle grid stakes in 1989 by Marilyn Walker, who led the sampling effort until 1997. To estimate plant canopy cover, point quadrat measurements have been made at irregular intervals from 1989 to the present (1989, 1990, 1995, 1997, 2006, 2008 and yearly from 2010 onward). The point-quadrat technique used for sampling was described in Spasojevic et al. (2013) and Auerbach (1992). Auerbach, N. 1992. Effects of road and dust disturbance in minerotrophic and acidic tundra ecosystems, northern Alaska. University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA. Spasojevic, Marko J, William D Bowman, Hope C Humphries, Timothy R Seastedt, and Katharine N Suding. Changes in alpine vegetation over 21 years: Are patterns across a heterogeneous landscape consistent with predictions?” Ecosphere 4, no. 9 (2013): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1890/es13-00133.1.
0.5-meter elevation lattice grid, Saddle grid, Niwot Ridge LTER, Colorado
This is a 0.5m lattice/DEM derived using the TOPOGRID command. 1:500 scale. This dataset is part of the Saddle grid geographic information system (GIS). Additional information concerning the Niwot Ridge LTER hierarchical GIS can be found in Walker et al. (1993).
2-meter elevation contours, Saddle grid, Niwot Ridge LTER, Colorado
Coverage of 2-meter contours at Saddle grid. 1:500 scale. This dataset is part of the Saddle grid geographic information system (GIS). Additional information concerning the Niwot Ridge LTER hierarchical GIS can be found in Walker et al. (1993).
Microclimate data for Saddle grid, 1993, daily.
The objective of this field campaign was to measure microclimatic variables within a mid-latitude alpine tundra zone during the growing season (June - August), and to relate those observations to ecosystem processes and landscape patterns. Microclimatic data were recorded using a Campbell CR21X micrologger on or near the Niwot Ridge Saddle grid. Five sites were chosen (2 of which were snow covered and the remaining 3 being snowfree tundra). Measurements were made at 60-second intervals and averaged on the half hour. These half-hourly data were subsequently averaged for the day. All meteorological instruments on the tower were oriented parallel to the surface at the tower location. The anemometer was located at the top of the meteorological station tower (i.e., 3 m above the surface). The air temperature and relative humidity probe were 2 m above the surface. The pyranometer used for the calculation of incoming solar radiation was 1.5 m above the surface. The pyranometer used for the calculation of outgoing solar radiation was 1.25 m above the surface. The net radiometer was situated between 0.75 and 1 m above the surface. The heat flux transducer was located 5 cm below the surface of the vegetation canopy. The soil temperature probe was located between 0 and 10 cm below the ground surface.
Microclimate data for Saddle grid, 1993, half-hourly.
The objective of this field campaign was to measure microclimatic variables within a mid-latitude alpine tundra zone during the growing season (June - August), and to relate those observations to ecosystem processes and landscape patterns. Microclimatic data were recorded using a Campbell CR21X micrologger on or near the Niwot Ridge Saddle grid. Five sites were chosen (2 of which were snow covered and the remaining 3 being snowfree tundra). Measurements were made at 60-second intervals and averaged on the half hour. These half-hourly data were subsequently averaged for the day. All meteorological instruments on the tower were oriented parallel to the surface at the tower location. The anemometer was located at the top of the meteorological station tower (i.e., 3 m above the surface). The air temperature and relative humidity probe were 2 m above the surface. The pyranometer used for the calculation of incoming solar radiation was 1.5 m above the surface. The pyranometer used for the calculation of outgoing solar radiation was 1.25 m above the surface. The net radiometer was situated between 0.75 and 1 m above the surface. The heat flux transducer was located 5 cm below the surface of the vegetation canopy. The soil temperature probe was located between 0 and 10 cm below the ground surface.
Spectral radiation data for Saddle grid, 1994.
During the summer of 1992 10-m transects were established at each of the Niwot Ridge Saddle grid points, with the exception of grid points 1, 13, 30A, 37, 41, 42, 63, and 71. No transects were set up at those locations because they were essentially barren of vegetation or, in the case of grid point 37, were covered with a willow shrub thicket. Transect locations were chosen so that the vegetation along the transect would be consistent with that in the 1x1-m plot used to characterize the species composition at the corresponding Saddle grid point. These transects were established as part of a study designed to quantify any relationship between spectral emissivity and net primary productivity. Spectral measurements were made, using a PS-II (Analytical Spectral Devices) spectrometer, of approximately 50- x 20-cm plots along a transect immediately prior to it being clip harvested for aboveground biomass determinations. Photographs were taken at the same time that the spectral measurements were made in 1994, but at different times in 1993. The photographs were subsequently used to quantify various cover classes for the harvested portion of the transect. The relationships between these cover classes and vegetation indices derived from the spectral data were explored.
Cover class data for Saddle grid, 1993 - 1994.
During the summer of 1992 10-m transects were established at each of the Niwot Ridge Saddle grid points, except grid points 1, 5, 13, 15, 25, 30A, 35, 37, 41, 42, 45, 46, 55, 63, 65, and 71. No transects were set up at locations 1, 13, 30A, 41, 42, 63, and 71 because they were essentially barren of vegetation or, in the case of grid point 37, were covered with a willow shrub thicket. Transect locations were chosen so that the vegetation along the transect would be consistent with that in the 1x1-m plot used to characterize the species composition at the corresponding Saddle grid point. These transects were established as part of a study designed to quantify any relationship between spectral emissivity and net primary productivity. Spectral measurements were made, using a PS-II (Analytical Spectral Devices) spectrometer, of approximately 50- x 20-cm plots along a transect immediately prior to it being clip harvested for aboveground biomass determinations. Photographs were taken at the same time that the spectral measurements were made in 1994, but at different times in 1993. The photographs were subsequently used to quantify various cover classes for the harvested portion of the transect.
Snow depth data for saddle grid, 1982 - 1990.
The depth of snow was measured at 88 points on the Saddle grid. Depths were measured form fixed extendable poles on the western or accumulation portion of the 350 x 500 m grid, while depths were measured by probing on the eastern portion. Measurements during winter months varied from every 2 weeks to about monthly depending on weather conditions. Measurements during the summer were approximately weekly until all snow disappeared or snow accumulation began for the next winter. Meltout date can be determined from the last date snow was present at a grid point. The area of the study was 19.7 ha.
Saddle snowfence grid points, Niwot Ridge LTER, Colorado
Point coverage of Saddle snow fence point grid. 1:500 scale. The Saddle snow fence is a 60-meter long, 2.6-meter high fence erected annually in the fall for manipulating winter snowpack and snow drift along a topoedaphic gradient. The fence was first installed in fall of 1993 and is taken down every summer to avoid influencing summer ambient wind. The fence is oriented along a north-south axis, as prevailing winds on Niwot Ridge come from the west, and delineates shrub and moist meadow communities on the windward (west) side and dry meadow communities on the leeward (east) side. The snowfence grid exists within a 60m x 125m area that contains the snowfence. Of the 146 points in the snowfence grid dataset, 84 are located on the leeward (east) side of the snowfence, 56 are located on the windward (west) side of the snowfence, and 6 are control locations outside of but near the snowfence experiment area. See Fig. 4 in Walker et al. (1999) for graphical depiction of the Saddle snow fence grid, snow fence, and vegetation communities within. Snow depth is measured annually at the snow fence grid points, and the grid has been used for locating experimental plots and instrumentation (e.g. see Walker et al. 1993b, Brooks et al. 1995, Walker et al. 1999). This dataset is part of the Saddle grid geographic information system (GIS). Additional information concerning the Niwot Ridge LTER hierarchical GIS can be found in Walker et al. (1993a).
Saddle grid boundary, Niwot Ridge LTER, Colorado
Polygon boundary coverage for Saddle grid. 1:500 scale. This dataset is part of the Saddle grid geographic information system (GIS). Additional information concerning the Niwot Ridge LTER hierarchical GIS can be found in Walker et al. (1993).
Saddle grid stake points, Niwot Ridge LTER, Colorado
Point coverage with the GPS data points for each of the 88 Saddle grid points. 1:500 scale. This dataset is part of the Saddle grid geographic information system (GIS). Additional information concerning the Niwot Ridge LTER hierarchical GIS can be found in Walker et al. (1993).
Soil moisture and nutrient data for Saddle grid, 1990.
Soil samples from a 10-cm depth were collected at each vegetated grid stake on the Saddle. These samples were analyzed for carbon and organic matter content. Texture, pH, moisture, and bulk density were also determined. The samples were collected in 1990 and were analyzed at the Soil Testing Laboratory at Colorado State University and at the INSTAAR sedimentology laboratory.
Aboveground biomass data for Saddle grid plots, 1992 - 1995 and 1997.
During the summer of 1992 10-m transects were established at each of the Niwot Ridge Saddle grid points, with the exception of grid points 1, 13, 30A, 37, 41, 42, 63, and 71. No transects were set up at those locations because they were essentially barren of vegetation or, in the case of grid point 37, were covered with a willow shrub thicket. Transect locations were chosen so that the vegetation along the transect would be consistent with that in the 1x1-m plot used to characterize the species composition at the corresponding Saddle grid point. These transects were established as part of a study designed to quantify any relationship between spectral emissivity and net primary productivity. Spectral measurements were made, using a PS-II (Analytical Spectral Devices) spectrometer (metadata in saddsrad.cw.meta.txt), of approximately 50- x 20-cm plots along a transect immediately prior to it being clip harvested for aboveground biomass determinations. Photographs were taken at the same time that the spectral measurements were made in 1994, but at different times in 1993. The photographs were subsequently used to quantify various cover classes for the harvested portion of the transect (metadata in sadpcovr.cw.meta.txt).
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