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6 results for “salinity intrusion”
Mapping of a Mid-depth Salinity Maximum Intrusion south of New England in June 2021
<div> <div> <p>This dataset contains data from a process-oriented research cruise aboard the R/V Neil Armstrong from June 18th to July 2nd. The goal of this cruise was to map the three-dimensional structure of a mid-depth salinity maximum intrusion of warm salinity slope water extending onto the continental shelf south of New England. This was done through the use of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (two REMUS 100 vehicles and one Tethys class AUV (Long Range AUV or LRAUV)), a towed Rockland Scientific Vertical Microstructure Profiler (VMP 250), and ship-board CTD and ADCP measurements. More details about the processing, data coverage, and usage can be found in the accompanying manuscript. This cruise took place on the shelf waters south of Cape Cod, MA, extending to the shelf break, with all of the data collected between 40°N to 41°N and 71.5°W to 70°W. Attached is a data map showing the location of all data included within this dataset. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p>File Descriptions: </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Datamap.jpg </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>A map of the locations of all data included within this dataset. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>CTD_summer2021.mat </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>This file contains profiles from the ship-board CTD (SeaBird 911+). Raw data was processed and gridded into 1 decibar bins using standard procedures in Seasave V 7.26.7.121 (Look at cnv file header for details about processing). This file is organized as a structure, with each variable in the data being a different field called by dot notation and each row with the structure being a different CTD profile. Biooptical variables are not quality-controlled. </p> </div> <div> <ul> <li> <p>CTD.time: the time of each profile in the MATLAB datetime format (from the processed SeaBird header file) in GMT </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.lon: degrees longitude of the profile (from the processed SeaBird header file) </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.lat: degrees latitude of the profile (from the processed SeaBird header file) </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.pres: the pressure in decibar at each location of the profile </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.sal: the seawater practical salinity in psu </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.temp: the seawater in-situ temperature in °C </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.flor: seawater fluorescence in mg/ m3 </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.depth: depth at each location within the profile in meters </p> </li> <li> <p>CTD.density: sigmatheta (the potential seawater density with respect to a reference pressure of 0 db) in kg.m3 minus 1,000kg/m3 </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>CTD_Darter_MMMdd.mat and CTD_Edgar_MMMdd.mat </strong></p> </div> </div> <div> <div> <p>These files contain the data from the REMUS 100 missions, with Darter and Edgar being the two different REMUS 100 vehicles. </p> </div> <div> <ul> <li> <p>Conductivity: conductivity in mS/cm </p> </li> <li> <p>Depth: depth in meters </p> </li> <li> <p>Latitude: degrees latitude </p> </li> <li> <p>Longitude: degrees longitude </p> </li> <li> <p>Mission_number: the number of the REMUS mission </p> </li> <li> <p>Mission_time: time during the mission in seconds since midnight in GMT </p> </li> <li> <p>Salinity: the seawater practical salinity in psu </p> </li> <li> <p>Sound_speed: the sound speed in m/s </p> </li> <li> <p>Temperature: the seawater temperature in °C </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>LRAUV_20210623T194917.mat and LRAUV_20210624T145829.mat </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>These files contain data from the Tethys Class LRAUV (Long Range AUV) missions. Each file contains 10 structure variables. </p> </div> </div> <div> <div> <ul> <li> <p>CTD_Seabird: structure containing the bin median temperature in °C and salinity in PSU. </p> </li> <li> <p>depth: the depth at each data point in meters. </p> </li> <li> <p>fix_residual_percent_distance_traveled: underwater dead-reckoned navigation error (based on GPS fix when on surface) as a percentage of distance traveled </p> </li> <li> <p>latitude: Latitude at each data point (not corrected for vehicle drift in underwater current) </p> </li> <li> <p>latitude_fix: latitude of GPS fix (vehicle surfaced) </p> </li> <li> <p>longitude: Longitude at each data point (not corrected for vehicle drift in underwater current) </p> </li> <li> <p>longitude_fix: longitude of GPS fix (vehicle surfaced) </p> </li> <li> <p>platform_battery_charge: The battery charge in ampere-hour </p> </li> <li> <p>time_fix: time in seconds since January 1, 1970 (epoch time) </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>VMPtransact_YYYYMMdd.mat</strong></p> <p>Vertical Microstructure Profiler (Rockland Scientific VMP 250) </p> </div> <div> <p>These files contain the processed data for each Vertical Microstructure Profiler (Rockland Scientific VMP 250) transect, consisting of multiple profiles. Data has been gridded on a 1 decibar equidistant grid using standard procedures in Rockland Scientific’s processing software. Note: Bio-optical variables and dissipation rates have not been quality-controlled. </p> </div> <div> <ul> <li> <p>Time: Time in MATLAB datenum format (days since 0000-00-00 00:00:00) in GMT </p> </li> <li> <p>z: Pressure in decibar </p> </li> <li> <p>T: in-situ temperature in degC </p> </li> <li> <p>cnd: conductivity in mS/cm </p> </li> <li> <p>Chl: Chlorophyll from fluorescence in mg/ m3 </p> </li> <li> <p>turb: Turbidity in NTU </p> </li> <li> <p>eps: dissipation rate inferred from microstructure shear in m^2/s^3. (Note: Dissipation estimates come from standard fitting of microstructure data within a 1 decibar bin to a turbulence spectrum within Rockland Scientific’s standard processing. The dissipation data in the provided files has not been quality-controlled. </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p> VMP-data was georeferenced by comparing the time stamps of VMP and processed ADCP files. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>ADCP_ar50_wh300.mat </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>This file contains the data from the shipboard ADCP (Teledyne WH300 kHz). ADCP data was processed aboard using standard procedures in UHDAS/CODAS (University of Hawaii Technical Services Program, servicing UNOLS vessels (<a href="https://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/docs/adcp_doc/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://currents.soest.hawaii.edu/docs/adcp_doc/index.html). Vertical bin size is 2 m. </a>u: zonal (positive towards east) velocity component in m/s </p> <ul> <li> <p>v: meridional (positive towards north) component in m/s </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div> <div> <ul> <li> <p>txy: time, longitude, and latitude of the velocity profiles. Time is in decimal days, with noon of Jan 1 being 0.5 decimal days and noon of January 20th being 19.5 decimal days of the reference year. For another example, 6am on June 18, 2021, is decimal day 168.25. All times are in GMT. </p> </li> <li> <p>refyear: The reference year from which the decimal days are calculated. </p> </li> <li> <p>depth: vertical coordinate of the velocity bin center </p> </li> <li> <p>pgood: percent good, a quality parameter showing the fraction of good pings within an ensemble average. </p> </li> <li> <p>spd_u: zonal ship speed in m/s </p> </li> <li> <p>spd_v: meridional ship speed in m/s </p> </li> <li> <p>tr_temp: ADCP transducer temperature in deg C </p> </li> <li> <p>amp: backscatter amplitude in relative units </p> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> </div>
Monthly maps of Warm Core Ring Occupancy and occurrences of Salinity Maximum Intrusions in the Slope Sea (1990-2019)
<p>This dataset presents two important variables across the shelfbreak in the Northwest Atlantic: (i) Warm Core Ring Occupancy in the Slope sea proximate to the shelfbreak; and (ii) locations of Salinity maximum intrusions in the shelf. Monthly fields of both of these fields together are presented for the period 1990-2019 with file name format <em>smax_ring_mm_yyyy.jpg. </em>The gray and red dots on the shelf represent locations of profiles taken from the Ecosystem Monitoring Program’s (EcoMon) hydrographic data (available from the National Centers for Environmental Information World Ocean Database accessible at <a href="http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/world-ocean-database">www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/world-ocean-database</a>). Red dots show locations of profiles which contained mid-depth salinity maximum intrusions, gray dots are profiles without any mid-depth salinity maximum intrusion. Profiles with intrusions were identified using the methodology of Gawarkiewicz et al., 2022. The ring occupancy was calculated from a Warm Core Ring Tracking dataset with ring tracks from 2000-2010 and 2011- 2020 available from Zenodo (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6436380">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6436380</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7406675">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7406675</a>) and ring trajectories from 1978 through 1999 available from the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Canada. To calculate the ring occupancy the region was sub-divided into 0.1 by 0.1 degree bins. Ring trajectories and approximate geographical range (calculated from the ring area, assuming the ring is a perfect circle) were overlain on this region and the days rings are present in each bin are counted in units of ring days. A ring day is the presence of one single ring in a bin during a given day. These ring day counts were converted to percentages, dividing by days in the given month and multiplying by 100. For more details see Silver et al., 2022 and Salois et al., 2023. From these figures one can see the spatial relationship between Warm Core Rings and Salinity Maximum Intrusions, with clusters of intrusions occurring in areas adjacent to high ring occupancy. </p> <p>An animation of two particular years is also presented in <em>movie_smax_ring_1993_2012.gif</em> to highlight this relationship: Low ring year (1993) leading to fewer Smax intrusion and high ring year (2012) leading to more intrusions.</p> <p> </p> <p>Gawarkiewicz, G., Fratantoni, P., Bahr, F., & Ellertson, A. (2022). Increasing Frequency of Mid‐Depth Salinity Maximum Intrusions in the Middle Atlantic Bight. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</em>, <em>127</em>(7), e2021JC018233. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018233">https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC018233</a></p> <p>Silver, A., Gangopadhyay, A., Gawarkiewicz, G., Andres, M., Flierl, G., & Clark, J. (2022). Spatial Variability of Movement, Structure, and Formation of Warm Core Rings in the Northwest Atlantic Slope Sea. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</em>, <em>127</em>(8), e2022JC018737. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018737">https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018737</a> </p> <p>Salois, S. L., Hyde, K. J., Silver, A., Lowman, B. A., Gangopadhyay, A., Gawarkiewicz, G., ... & Lapp, M. (2023). Shelf break exchange processes influence the availability of the northern shortfin squid, Illex illecebrosus, in the Northwest Atlantic. <em>Fisheries Oceanography</em>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12640">https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12640</a> </p>
The Salinity and phosphorus mesocosm experiment in freshwater sawgrass wetlands: Determining the trajectory and capacity of freshwater wetland ecosystems to recover carbon losses from saltwater intrusion (FCE LTER), Florida, USA from 2015 to 2018
In experimental wetland mesocosms located at Florida Bay Interagency Science Center, Key Largo, Florida, researchers continuously added salinity (approximately 6.9 g salt d-1) and phosphorus ( approximately 0.5 mg P d-1) to Cladium jamaicense peat monoliths from February 2015 to February 2017 and quantified changes in carbon partitioning. Several studies, focusing on the functional roles of marsh, soil, periphyton and microbe in the sawgrass-peat ecosystem, summarized detailed methodology and results (Wilson et al. 2019; Servais et al. 2019; Mazzei et al. in press). Briefly, salinity was increased (~10 ppt) and phosphorus was added (0.45 mg P d-1) to simulate four treatment effects (n = 24 plots): i) freshwater and no-added phosphorus, ii) freshwater and added phosphorus, iii) saltwater and no-added phosphorus, and iv) saltwater and added phosphorus. Upon the termination of manipulation study (early February 2017), containers holding water and peat-sawgrass cores were drained, rinsed, and refilled with only freshwater without any added nutrient and salt. Then, we experimentally restored freshwater to previous treatment and control mesocosms from February 2017 to June 2018 to examine the capacity of wetland ecosystems to recover carbon losses from saltwater intrusion. Note that FCE1226_Water_quality.csv summarizes water quality during both the manipulation and restoration study; however, all other files in the Dataset Title section only summarize results from the restoration study. Detailed methodology is provided below.
3D simulation salinity intrusion of Vembanad Lake using FVCOM
<p>This Animation was created for the purpose of presenting an oral presentation at CMLRE, Kochi (OSICON 19, 12th December 2019).</p> <p>The paper entitled - "An Integrated Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Model for the Vembanad Lake, South West Coast of India" </p>
Simulated salinity for the saltwater intrusion study in the Po Delta (Italy)
<p>This database includes the results of the SHYFEM<br> application to the Po Delta (Italy) presented in the work entitled<br> "Saltwater intrusion in a Mediterranean delta under a changing climate".<br> Model results are presented in terms of the 3D maximum salinity for the<br> present day condition (summer 2017) and the RCP8.5 scenario.<br> </p>
Capacity of % reduction conductivity from halophytes to mitigate salinity intrusion
<p>Results from the experiment carried out in an-open air laboratory in Barcelona, Spain (Urban River Lab) in 12 channels where an halophyte specie (<em>Atriplex portulacoides</em>) was analyzed for their capacity to uptake salt in different salinity conditions. </p>
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