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FIGURE 10 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 10. Scatterplots of PC1 and PC2 generated by the principal component analyses and LD1 and LD2 generated by the linear discriminant analyses performed on meristic variables (scale counts). See table 7 for corresponding summary statistics. Figure color-coded following species labels in figure 11.

FIGURE 8 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 8. Boxplots showing variation in scale counts among Tropidurus chromatops, T. etheridgei, and T. azurduyae.

FIGURE 7 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 7. Scatterplots of PC1 and PC2 generated by the principal component analyses and LD1 and LD2 generated by the linear discriminant analyses performed on morphometric variables. See table 4 for corresponding summary statistics. Figure color-coded following species labels in figure 11.

FIGURE 6 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 6. Live specimens of Tropidurus chromatops Harvey and Gutberlet, 1998 from isolated granitic outcrops ~30 km W Florida, Santa Cruz, Bolivia (14° 36′ 17.28″ S, 61° 29′ 32.64″ W — WGS84 system; ~309 m). A, C, Adult female (MHNC-R 3003). B, D, Adult male (MHNC-R 3018).

FIGURE 5 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 5. Adult male of Tropidurus chromatops Harvey and Gutberlet, 1998 (MHNC-R 3018), illustrating the expanded lateral neck mite pockets and the colorful facial mask with touches of blue and cream, characteristic of the species.

FIGURE 4 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 4. Preserved holotype of Tropidurus azurduyae (adult male, MHNC-R 3011). A, Dorsal head. B, Ventral head. C, Lateral head. D, Ventral body. E, Lateral body. F, Dorsal body.

FIGURE 3 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 3. Live specimens of Tropidurus etheridgei Cei, 1982 and T. azurduyae. A, C, Adult male of T. etheridgei (AMNH-R 176273) from Orloff, Colonia 15, Filadelfia, Boquerón, Paraguay (22° 19′ 58.42″ S, 59° 55′ 00.02″ W — WGS84 system; ~136 m). B, D, Adult female of T. etheridgei (AMNH-R 176277) from Estancia Esmeraldas, Boquerón, Paraguay (20° 59′ 15.81″ S 61° 59′ 27.90″ W — WGS84 system; ~329 m). E, G, Adult female (allotype MHNC-R 3009) of T. azurduyae. F, H, Adult male (holotype MHNC-R 3011) of T. azurduyae.

FIGURE 1 in A new collared lizard (Tropidurus: Tropiduridae) endemic to the Western Bolivian Andes and its implications for seasonally dry tropical forests

FIGURE 1. Habitats visited in the Torotoro National Park, Potosí, Bolivia. A–D, Prepuna (18° 7′ 10.92″ S, 65° 48′ 30.24″ W — WGS84 system; ~2798 m). E–G, Inter-Andean dry valleys at the type locality of Tropidurus azurduyae (18° 5′ 54.24″ S, 65° 44′ 57.48″ W — WGS84 system; ~2264 m). H, Adult male of T. azurduyae, sighted (not collected) at the type locality of the species.

Fig. 2 in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 2. Croton sertanejus Sodré & M.J.Silva sp. nov. A–B. Habit. C. Flowering branch showing ramifying in alternate branches. D. Inflorescence showing pistillate flowers and staminate buds. E. Pistillate flowers. F. Unisexual staminate inflorescence. G. Fruit. H–I. Fruit columella. J. Apex of columella with irregular and plane tips. K. Seed, dorsal side. L. Seed, ventral surface. A–F = Population from Oliveira dos Brejinhos, Bahia (R.C. Sodré et al. 3350, holotype; BOTU); G–L = K.N.C. Castro & J.B.A. Souza 471 (CEN). Photographs: R.C. Sodré.

Fig. 7 in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 7. Cross sections of the petiole of Croton echioides Baill. and C. sertanejus Sodré & M.J.Silva sp. nov. A–E. Croton echioides. A. Median portion of the petiole. B. Detail of accessory vascular bundles. C. Detail of the epidermis, cortex and vascular cylinder. D–E. Detail of vascular cylinder, laticifers, gelatinous fibers and druses. – F–J. C. sertanejus sp. nov. F. Median portion of the petiole. G. Detail of accessory vascular bundles. H. Detail of the epidermis and cortex. I–J. Detail of vascular cylinder, gelatinous fibers and druses. Asterisks indicate laticifers. Abbreviations: av = accessory vascular bundles; cl = collenchyma; co = cortex; d = druses; ep = epidermis; f = gelatinous fibers; p = pericycle; pa = ground parenchyma; ph = phloem; pi = pith; stt = stellate trichome; vc = vascular cylinder; xy = xylem. A–E = R.C. Sodré et al. 3284 (BOTU); F–J = R.C. Sodré et al. 3350, holotype (BOTU). Scale bars: A, F = 300 µm; B–D, G–H, J = 50 µm; C = 200 µm; E, I = 20 µm.

Fig. 3 in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 3. Geographical distribution of Croton echioides Baill. and C. sertanejus Sodré & M.J.Silva sp. nov. Ecoregions classified according to Dinerstein et al. (2017) (avaliable athttps://ecoregions2017.appspot.com). Abbreviations for Brazilian States: AL = Alagoas; BA = Bahia; CE = Ceará; ES = Espirito Santo; DF = Federal District; GO = Goiás; MA = Maranhão; MG = Minas Gerais; PB = Paraíba; PE = Pernambuco; PI = Piauí; RJ = Rio de Janeiro; RN = Rio Grande do Norte; SE = Sergipe; SP = São Paulo; TO = Tocantins.

Fig. 5. Croton echioides Baill. A–B. Habit. C. Flowering branch. D in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 5. Croton echioides Baill. A–B. Habit. C. Flowering branch. D. Inflorescence showing pistillate flowers and staminate buds, detail of the pistillate flowers in the insert. E. Pistillate flowers. F. Median portion of an inflorescence with bisexual cymules containing one pistillate flower and one staminate bud. G. Detail of the staminate inflorescence. H. Staminate flowers. I. Staminate flowers and buds. J. Fruit. K. Fruit columella. L. Apex of columella with three slightly ascending tips. M. Seed, dorsal side. N. Seed, ventral side. A, F–I. = Population from Igaporã, Bahia (R.C. Sodré et al. 3284; BOTU); B–E. = Population from Abaíra, Bahia (R.C. Sodré et al. 3314; BOTU); J–N. = V.C. Souza et al. 5495 (ESA). Photographs: R.C. Sodré.

Fig. 6 in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 6. Cross sections of the leaf blade of C. echioides Baill. (A, E–I, N–Q) and C. sertanejus Sodré & M.J.Silva sp. nov. (B–D, J–M, R–V). A. Median portion of the leaf blade of C. echioides, note the stipitate trichomes of abaxial surface in lateral view. B. Median portion of the leaf blade of C. sertanejus, note the sessile trichomes of abaxial surface in lateral view. C. Leaf margin of C. sertanejus, note simple trichomes of adaxial surface. D. Base of the trichome of adaxial surface of C. sertanejus. E. Vascular bundle of C. echioides. F–H. Median portion of the leaf blade of C. echioides. I. Leaf margin of C. echioides. J. Vascular bundle of C. sertanejus. K–L. Median portion of the leaf blade of C. sertanejus. M. Leaf margin of C. sertanejus. N. Primary vein of C. echioides. O. Detail of vascular cylinder of C. echioides primary vein. P. Collenchyma in adaxial surface of C. echioides primary vein. Q. Detail of the vascular bundle, note xylem, phloem, laticifer and druse. R. Primary vein of C. sertanejus. S. Detail of vascular cylinder of C. sertanejus primary vein. T. Collenchyma in adaxial surface of C. echioides primary vein. U. Detail of the epidermis and cortex of C. echioides primary vein. V. Detail of the vascular bundle, note xylem, phloem and druse. Arrowheads indicate stomata; asterisks indicate laticifers. Abbreviations: cl = collenchyma; co = cortex; d = druses; ep = epidermis; i = idioblasts; pa = ground parenchyma; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sp = spongy parenchyma; st = simple trichome; stt = stellate trichome; vb = vascular bundle; vc = vascular cylinder; xy = xylem. A, E–I, N–Q = R.C. Sodré et al. 3284 (BOTU); B–D, J–M, R–V = R.C. Sodré et al. 3350, holotype (BOTU). Scale bars: A–C, N, R = 200 µm; D–G, I–M, P–Q, T–V = 50 µm; H = 20 µm; O, S = 100 µm.

Fig. 1 in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 1. Croton sertanejus Sodré & M.J.Silva sp. nov. A. Flowering branch. B. Detail of older portion of stem with leaf scars. C 1 –C 2. Indumentum of the stems. C 1. Tomentose indumentum. C 2. Hirsute indumentum. D 1 –D 3. Trichomes of the stems. D 1. Stellate trichome. D 2. Multiradiate-porrect trichome. D 3. Stellate-porrect trichome. E. Stipule, ventral surface. F 1 –F 2. Leaves. F 1. Elliptic leaf blade. F 2. Ovate leaf blade. G. Detail of the galls on the leaf blade. H. Extrafloral nectaries of leaf base in adaxial view. I. Colleters of leaf margin in adaxial view. J1–J3. Indumentum of leaf blades. J1. Tomentose indumentum of abaxial surface. J2. Sparse indumentum of simple, stellate-porrect or 2-radiate trichomes of adaxial surface. J 3. Sparse indumentum of stellate trichomes of adaxial surface. K. Inflorescence. L 1. Staminate flower bract, ventral surface. L 2. Staminate flower bracteole, ventral surface. M. Staminate flower. N 1 – N 3. Lobes of staminate flower calyx in dorsal view. N 1. Two lobes showing the union of the calyx. N 2. Dense indumentum of stellate-porrect trichomes. N3. Sparse indumentum of stellate-porrect trichomes. O 1 –O 2. Pistillate flower petals in dorsal view. O 1. Obovate petal. O 2. Oblanceolate petal. P. Stamen. Q 1. Pistillate flower bract, ventral surface. Q 2. Pistillate flower bracteole, ventral surface. R. Pistillate flower. S 1 –S 2. Pistillate flower sepal. S 1. Dorsal view. S 2. Ventral view. T. Gynoecium. U. Nectary disk and reduced petals of the pistillate flowers (cut out sepals and gynoecium removed). V. Fruit. W 1. Fruit columella. W2. Apex of columella with irregular and plane tips. W3. Apex of columella with three slightly ascending tips. X 1. Seed, dorsal side. X2. Seed, ventral side. Drawing by Renato Galhardo: A–U = R.C. Sodré et al. 3350, holotype (BOTU); V–X = K.N.C. Castro & J.B.A. Souza 471 (CEN).

Fig. 4. Croton echioides Baill. A. Flowering branch. B in Croton sertanejus, a new species from Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest in Brazil, and redescription of C. echioides (Euphorbiaceae)

Fig. 4. Croton echioides Baill. A. Flowering branch. B. Detail of the indumentum of the stems and stipule. C 1 –C 2. Trichomes of the stems. C 1. Stellate-rotate trichome. C 2. Stellate-porrect trichome. D 1 –D 2. Stipules. D1. Surface. D 2. Ventral surface. E 1–E3. Leaves, note the variation in the shape of the leaf blades and in the length of the petioles. F1–F3. Extrafloral nectaries of leaf base in abaxial view. F1. Stipitatepatelliform. F 2. Obconic. F 3. Cylindric. G. Colleters of leaf margin in adaxial view. H 1. Leaf indumentum of the abaxial surface. H 2. Leaf indumentum of the adaxial surface. I. Inflorescence. J 1. Staminate flower bract, ventral surface. J 2. Staminate flower bracteole, ventral surface. K. Staminate flower. L 1 –L 2. Lobes of staminate flower calyces in dorsal view. L1. Dense indumentum. L2. Sparse indumentum. M1–M2. Staminate flower petals in dorsal view. M1. Obovate petal. M2. Oboval-oblanceolate petal. N. Stamen. O 1. Pistillate flower bract, ventral surface. O 2 –O 3. Pistillate flower bracteoles, ventral surface. P. Pistillate flower. Q. Pistillate flower in upper view showing ventral surface of the sepals, disk and reduced petals (gynoecium removed), note the unequal sepals. R 1 –R 2. Indumentum of ventral surface of the pistillate flower sepals. S. Pistillate flower in lower view showing dorsal surface of sepals. T. Indumentum of dorsal surface of the pistillate flower sepals. U. Gynoecium. V. Nectary disk and reduced petals of the pistillate flowers (cut out sepals and gynoecium removed). W. Fruit. X 1. Fruit columella. X 2. Apex of columella with plane tips. X 3. Apex of columella with three slightly ascending tips. Y 1. Seed, dorsal side. Y 2. Seed, ventral side. Drawing by Renato Galhardo: A, E2, F1 = E. Melo et al. 7571 (HUEFS); E1, F3, O1–V = R.C. Sodré et al. 3284 (BOTU); B–D2, G–N = R.C. Sodré et al. 3314 (BOTU); E3, F2, W–Y2 = V.C. Souza et al. 5495 (ESA).