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9,786 results for “selection”
Carbon Isotope and Ring Width Measurements from Tree Rings of Selected Canopy Species at Six Sites in the Eastern United States
Forest Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is defined as the ratio of carbon uptake per unit water vapor loss via transpiration. Micrometeorological measurements suggest that forest WUE has dramatically increased over the last two decades, in excess of what would be expected from increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Coinciding with observed trends in forest WUE have been marked decreases in acid deposition throughout much of North America and Europe. There is evidence that acid deposition may impact forest WUE, either by altering the availability of nutrients in forest soils or by directly affecting foliar physiology. Changes in WUE could also lead to changes in stream discharge from forested catchments. The hypothesized response of forests to changing levels of acid deposition is not currently considered in the land surface components of global climate models (GCMs). Since carbon dioxide and water vapor are the two most important greenhouse gases, it is vital to accurately model their land-atmosphere exchange. This research uses a catchment-based approach to investigate the effects of changing acid deposition on forest WUE. Tree ring carbon isotopes reconstruct historical WUE time series within six catchments that have been differentially impacted by acid deposition due to distinctions between their underlying bedrock mineralogy and geological histories. The research also capitalizes on experimental treatments that have altered soil biogeochemistry in paired catchment designs (Bear Brook, ME; Hubbard Brook, NH; and Fernow Experimental Forest, WV). Additional watersheds that vary in underlying bedrock chemistry are also used in this research to examine tree-ring WUE time series as natural experiments along a base-cation gradient. These watersheds include Sleepers River, VT; Hubbard Brook, NH; Cone Pond Watershed, NH; and Shenandoah National Park, VA.
Functional Traits of Selected Tree Species in Harvard Forest, New Hampshire, and Southern Quebec 2015
Increasing evidence suggests that species' phenological responses may predict their performance with warming, but this work has generally ignored whether phenology is correlated with other traits known to drive plant performance. This is perhaps surprising given that interest in functional traits has also increased in recent decades, yet within the functional traits literature there has been an equally limited consideration of phenology, perhaps because robustly estimating it is time-intensive, and simple field estimates will show extreme variation across sites of different latitudes and climate regimes. Here we collected a suite of trait data on the same species for which we collected phenological data (see related dataset HF314, Leaf and Flower Phenology of Woody Plant Species at Harvard Forest and Southern Quebec 2015) to help address this gap. We focused on populations of trees in temperate forests in the Northeast face, which face different environmental conditions across their ranges. This project measured functional traits of trees at two to four sites, to provide a foundation for studies on the relationship between range shift, phenology, and functional traits.
CGP01 Gall-insect densities on selected plant species in watersheds with different fire frequencies
Long-term monitoring of gall-insect densities on Solidago canadensis, Vernonia baldwinii, and Ceanothus herbaceous. Gall abundances are censused in watersheds burned at one- to twenty- year intervals to asses the role of fire frequency and time since fire on gall-insect population dynamics. The data sets contain the following: Watershed fire frequency, number of growing seasons since last fire, plant species, number of galled stems, and number of censused stems. Censuses conducted for the 1989-1996 growing seasons except 1992 and 1994, next scheduled census is fall 1997.
PRE02 Reproductive effort of Big Bluestem, Indiangrass and Little Bluestem on selected Konza Prairie LTER watersheds
This data set focuses on seed production, flowering stem mass, height, and population densities of three dominant prairie grasses: Andropogon gerardii (ANGE), Sorgastrum nutans (SONU), and Schizachyrium scoparium (ANSC) in selected Konza Prairie LTER watersheds. Data set includes measurements of flowering stem height (m), density (no. per sq. m) and production (grams per sq. m) and total seed weight (grams) and production (grams per sq. on 2 soil types (shallow and deep) in watersheds representing different burning-grazing treatment combinations. Specific watersheds sampled have varied over time. Current watersheds include: 001d, R01a, R01b, 002c, 002d, 004a, 004b, 020b, R20a, R20b, 0SpA, 0SpB, 0SuA, 0SuB, 00FA, 00FB, 00WA and 00WB Sampling is done once a year in October/November (end of growing season). (Sampling design slightly altered from PRE01).
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Modeling the effects of selectively fishing key functional groups of herbivores on coral resilience; data for Cook et al., 2023 Ecosphere
These data and code were generated in support of the manuscript: Cook DT, Schmitt RJ, Holbrook SJ, and HV Moeller, Ecosphere. To investigate the impacts of selectively harvesting functional groups of herbivorous fishes on coral resilience, we used a dynamic model that is grounded by the coral reef system in Moorea, French Polynesia. Our model simulates the fraction of a reef occupied through time by classes of key benthic spaceholders (coral, two stages of macroalgae, and turf). Benthic and fishing dynamics are linked through the harvesting of two functional groups of herbivorous fishes. We utilize data collected on the abundance of fishes on the reef and in the catch in Moorea, French Polynesia to inform our model and to empirically explore patterns of fishing selectivity. These data and code were published in Ecosphere and were a part of the thesis of D. Cook (2023). This manuscript uses data collected by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research (MCR LTER) site under Grant No. OCE 2224354 (and earlier awards). Additional financial support to the MCR LTER site was provided through a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2023).
Eradication via destratification: whole-lake mixing to selectively remove rainbow smelt, a cold-water invasive species.
Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) are an invasive species associated with several negative changes to lake ecosystems in northern Wisconsin. We combined empirically based bioenergetics models with empirically based hydrodynamic models to assess lake destratification as a potential rainbow smelt eradication method. The dataset reported here is the otolith data from 20 age 1plus individuals.
Migratory shorebird habitat use, diet, and prey selection on mudflats in the Virginia barrier island and lagoon system, 2023-2024
Migratory shorebirds require access to heterogenous resources during migration. Understanding how shorebirds utilize different foraging substrates and food resources across the coastal landscape is important for informing conservation. We compared shorebird habitat use and invertebrate prey communities between barrier island and mudflat foraging substrates. We counted shorebirds and collected prey samples at random points on sand, peat, and mudflat substrates during spring migration (May 14 - June 2), 2023 - 2024. We opportunistically collected fecal samples on mudflats in our study area and used fecal DNA metabarcoding with 18S (invertebrates) and 23S (biofilm) primers to describe the diets of dunlin (Calidris alpina), red knots (Calidris canutus rufa) and semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla). We then used network null modeling to determine if our focal species were selectively consuming invertebrates on mudflats. Peat banks were the most heavily used intertidal substrate and mudflats supported similar shorebird abundances and species richness to sand. Dunlin and semipalmated sandpipers were more abundant on peat and mudflats, while red knots were more abundant on sand and peat. Invertebrate density was highest on peat banks and similar between mudflat and sand substrate, though mudflats supported a more diverse prey community. Amphipod crustaceans, blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), and polychaete worms were main prey consumed by all species on mudflats. Dunlin and semipalmated sandpipers fed primarily on crustaceans whereas red knots mainly fed on bivalves. All species consumed biofilm and a high proportion of diatoms were observed in fecal samples collected from semipalmated sandpipers. Red knots and dunlin selectively consumed bivalves on mudflats while semipalmated sandpipers showed no dietary preferences. Managing staging sites to preserve a diversity of intertidal habitats is critical for meeting the variable foraging requirements of migratory shorebirds.
Differential brain mechanisms of selection and maintenance of information during working memory (MEG data)
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Hand-selective visual regions represent how to grasp 3D tools for use: brain decoding during real actions
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WageIndicator Collective Agreements Database Dataset with Full Texts and Selected Clauses
<p>Since 2012, the <a href="https://wageindicator.org/">WageIndicator Foundation</a> has maintained a <a href="https://wageindicator.org/cbadatabase">Collective Agreements Database</a>, where the texts of 1600 collective agreements (CBAs) from 61 countries and in 27 languages have been uploaded, coded and annotated. This database is a unique example at global level: collective agreements are documents containing conditions of employment that result from negotiations between independent unions and employers, and their content is often surrounded by an atmosphere of secrecy. Under the <a href="https://sshopencloud.eu/">SSHOC project</a> and with the support of the <a href="https://www.clarin.eu/">CLARIN Research Infrastructure</a>, the agreements have been manually and automatically annotated on several levels: for each agreement, the team answers a series of questions and selects the appropriate piece of text (clause) for each. </p> <p>One of the results of the collective agreements' annotation process is the dataset which is available here and includes all the clauses selected for each variable (WageIndicator_CBADatabase_Selected_Clauses). The full collective agreements' texts are stored in another dataset, also available here (WageIndicator_CBADatabase_Full_Texts_211019). A codebook is also included (210125-wageindicator-cba-codebook.pdf).</p>
Datasets for practical model selection for prospective virtual screening
<p>This repository contains datasets for the manuscript "Practical model selection for prospective virtual screening":</p> <ul> <li><strong>pria_rmi_cv.tar.gz</strong>: A compressed directory containing chemical screening data for the <strong>PriA-SSB AS</strong>, <strong>PriA-SSB FP</strong>, and <strong>RMI-FANCM FP</strong> binary datasets. The files also contain the associated continuous % inhibition values and chemical features represented as SMILES and Morgan fingerprints. The dataset has been split into five folds for cross validation.</li> <li><strong>pria_rmi_pcba_cv.tar.gz</strong>: A compressed directory containing chemical screening data for the <strong>PriA-SSB AS</strong>, <strong>PriA-SSB FP</strong>, and <strong>RMI-FANCM FP</strong> binary datasets as well as public PubChem BioAssay datasets. The files also contain the PriA-SSB and RMI-FANCM continuous % inhibition values and chemical features represented as SMILES and Morgan fingerprints. The dataset has been split into five folds for cross validation. Missing values are left blank.</li> <li><strong>pria_prospective.csv.gz</strong>: A compressed file containing chemical screening data for the binary dataset <strong>PriA-SSB prospective</strong>. The file also contains the continuous % inhibition values and chemical features represented as SMILES and Morgan fingerprints.</li> </ul> <p>If you use these data in a publication, please cite:</p> <p>Shengchao Liu<sup>+</sup>, Moayad Alnammi<sup>+</sup>, Spencer S. Ericksen, Andrew F. Voter, Gene E. Ananiev, James L. Keck, F. Michael Hoffmann, Scott A. Wildman, Anthony Gitter. Practical Model Selection for Prospective Virtual Screening. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 2018 <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00363">doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00363</a></p> <p>PubChem data were provided by the <a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/">PubChem database</a>. Follow the <a href="https://pubchemdocs.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/citation-guidelines">PubChem citation guidelines</a> if you use the PubChem data. See <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/2472555217712001">Voter et al. 2017</a> (PubChem AID <a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1272365">1272365</a>) for the PriA-SSB screening data and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1087057116635503">Voter et al. 2016</a> (PubChem AID <a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1159607">1159607</a>) for RMI-FANCM.</p> <p>Version 1.1.0 updates all of the data files. We standardized the SMILES in all files by generating canonical SMILES with RDKit version 2016.03.4. In addition, we removed 2845 chemicals from pria_prospective.csv.gz that were duplicates of compounds in pria_rmi_cv.tar.gz.</p>
Dataset of "Selective Precipitation of REE-Rich Aluminum Phosphate with Low Lithium Losses from Lithium Enriched Slag Leachate"
<p>Currently, recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is carried out using mechanical, pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods and their combination. The aim of this article is to study a part of pyro-hydrometallurgical processing of spent lithium-ion batteries which includes lithium slag hydrometallurgical treatment and refining obtained leachate. Lithium slag intended for leaching experiments contains 3,68 % of Li; 11,02 % of Al; 1,17 % of Co; 1,71 % of Cu and other metals in minority content. Leaching step was realized via dry digestion that is an effective method capable of transferring over 99% of the present metals such as Li, Al, Co, Cu and others to the leachate. The highest content in leachate reached Al (2666 µg/mL) and Li (2239 µg/mL). Extraction of metals from leachate can be conducted using various methods, with precipitation being the most used. In this work, the influence of two types of precipitation agent (NaOH, Na3PO4) on precipitation efficiency of Al and Li losses was investigated. It was found that the precipitation of aluminium with NaOH can result in the co-precipitation of lithium, causing total lithium losses up to 40 %. As suitable precipitating agent for complete Al removal from Li leachate with a minimal loss of lithium (less than 2 %), crystalline Na3PO4 was determined under following condition: pH = 3, 400 rpm, 10 minutes, room temperature. Analysis confirmed that, in addition to aluminium, the precipitate also contains REE La (3.4%), Ce (2.5%), Y (1.3%), Nd (1%) and Pr (0.3%), which selective recovery will be the subject of further study.</p>
Nucleation-Limited Kinetics of GaAs Nanostructures Grown by Selective Area Epitaxy: Implications for Shape Engineering in Optoelectronics Devices
<p>This dataset corresponds to the following manuscript: </p> <p>Zendrini, M., Dubrovskii, V., Rudra, A., Dede, D., Fontcuberta i Morral, A., Piazza, V. “Nucleation-Limited Kinetics of GaAs Nanostructures Grown by Selective Area Epitaxy: Implications for Shape Engineering in Optoelectronics Devices” <em>ACS Applied Nano Materials 7,16 (2024):</em> 19065–19074</p> <p>DOI: <a href="http://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.4c02765">doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.4c02765</a></p> <p>The dataset contains raw SEM images in .tif format for all the arrays of nanowires and nanomembranes discussed in the paper. The dataset also contains the AFM scans in .xyz format for all the arrays of nanowires and nanomembranes. The data for the morphological analysis are extracted from the SEM images and the AFM scans and they are collected in two separate .txt files for NWs and NMs.</p>
Dataset from: "Voluntary Control of Task Selection Does Not Eliminate the Impact of Selection History on Attention"
<p>Dataset for Henare, D. T., Kadel, H., & Schubö, A. (2020). Voluntary Control of Task Selection Does Not Eliminate the Impact of Selection History on Attention. <em>Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience</em>, <em>32</em>(11), 2159-2177. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01609">https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01609</a></p>
Selecting for infectivity across metapopulations can increase virulence in the social microbe Bacillus thuringiensis:data set.
<p>Passage experiments that sequentially infect hosts with parasites have long been used to manipulate virulence. However, for many invertebrate pathogens passage has been applied naively without a full theoretical understanding of how best to select for increased virulence and this has led to very mixed results. Understanding the evolution of virulence is complex because selection on parasites occurs across multiple spatial scales with potentially different conflicts operating on parasites with different life-histories. For example, in social microbes, strong selection on replication rate within hosts can lead to cheating and loss of virulence, because investment in public goods virulence reduces replication rate. </p> <p>In this study<em> </em>we tested how varying mutation supply and selection for infectivity or pathogen yield (population size in hosts) affected evolution of virulence against resistant hosts in the specialist insect pathogen <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em>, aiming to optimize methods for strain improvement against a difficult to kill insect target. We show that selection for infectivity using competition between sub-populations in a metapopulation prevents social cheating, acts to retain key virulence plasmids and facilitates increased virulence. Increased virulence was associated with reduced efficiency of sporulation, and possible loss of function in putative regulatory genes but not with altered expression of the primary virulence factors. Selection in a metapopulation provides a broadly applicable tool for improving the efficacy of biocontrol agents. Moreover, a structured host population can facilitate artificial selection on infectivity, while selection on life history traits such as faster replication or larger population sizes can reduce virulence in social microbes.</p>
Dataset for paper "Target selection for Near-Earth Asteroids in-orbit sample collection missions"
<p>This dataset can be used to reproduce the results of the paper titled "Target selection for Near-Earth Asteroids in-orbit sample collection missions."</p> <p>The "results" folder contains the data to reproduce the maps and the rankings of the target asteroids.</p> <p>The "trajectories" folder contains the propagation of the sample trajectories used to obtain the grids.</p>
Regional drinking water quality monitoring program: long-term monitoring of water quality in select canals, reservoirs, and treatment plants of the greater Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area drinking water system, ongoing since 1998
Regional Drinking Water Quality Monitoring Program ================================================== Arizona Statue University (ASU) has been working with regional water providers (Salt River Project (SRP), Central Arizona Project (CAP)) and metropolitan Phoenix cities since 1998 on algae-related issues affecting drinking water supplies, treatment, and distribution. The results have improved the understanding of taste and odor (T&O) occurrence, control, and treatment, improved the understanding of dissolved organic and algae dynamics, and initiated a forum to discuss and address regional water quality issues. The monitoring benefits local Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) by optimizing ongoing operations (i.e., reducing operating costs), improving the quality of municipal water for consumers, facilitating long-term water quality planning, and providing information on potentially future-regulated compounds. ASU has been monitoring water quality in terminal reservoirs (Lake Pleasant, Saguaro Lake, and Bartlett Lake) continuously from 1998 to the present for algae-related constituents (taste and odors, and more recently metals from the upper reservoirs), nutrients, and disinfection by-product precursors (i.e., total and dissolved organic carbon and organic nitrogen). Additional monitoring has been conducted in the SRP and CAP canal systems and in water treatment plants in Phoenix, Tempe and Peoria. During this work the Valley has been in a prolonged drought and recently one above average wet year, and this data provides important baseline data for development of new or expanded WTPs and management of existing WTPs in the future. The current work has improved the understanding of T&O sources and treatment, but additional research and monitoring into the future is necessary. Reservoir monitoring is conducted once per month at Bartlett Lake, Saguaro Lake, and Lake Pleasant, and quarterly at Roosevelt, Apache, and Canyon Lakes. Samples are depth integrated in the epilimnion a
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Litter and soil radiocarbon and selective metal measurements from Bear Brook, 1998–2023
Radiocarbon time series of archived litter and soil samples from Bear Brook (west of watershed 6) at lower elevation from 1998 to 2023. Additional measurements include total carbon and nitrogen for all samples, and selective dissolution metal concentrations for the Oa/A and mineral soil layers. Selective dissolution metals include pyrophosphate-extractable aluminum (Al); iron (Fe), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn); oxalate-extractable Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, and Mn; and dithionite-extractable Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, and Mn. All samples are from the Microbial Biomass and Activity Sampling Effort (Groffman and Martel, 2025, https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/aff4a2074fd56102f62f13a19ce46f2d). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time series of abundance of birds and stranded kelp on selected beaches, ongoing since 2008
Dataset contains the distribution, abundance and seasonal occurrence of birds, humans, dogs, and of freshly stranded giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) plants and holdfasts present during monthly low-tide (<= 2.5 ft) weekday surveys of standard 1 km long transects on selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. The abundance of humans, dogs, marine mammals and dead or oiled wildlife is also recorded during each survey. Sampling began in 2008 and is ongoing. See Methods for more information.
Response inhibition and selective attention in adults and children with and without ADHD
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ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.