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20 results for “sexual harassment”
Supplementary Data of Sexual Harassment Studies in Indonesia
<p>This metadata is a supplementary file to support research about sexual harassment in Indonesia (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10194). Metadata was developed by Nurbayani et al. (2022) in line with a data article to reveal several studies (bachelor's theses) at Islamic State Universities of Indonesia (UIN).</p>
Data for: Female foraging strategy co-evolve with sexual harassment intensity in the Trinidadian guppy
<p>Sexual harassment is a widespread evolutionary outcome of sexual conflict over mating rates. Male harassment can impose costs on females, and females often change their behaviors to avoid unwanted attention. In Trinidadian guppies (<em>Poecilia reticulata</em>), females experience two potential sources of male harassment: coercive sneak mating behavior (more harmful, and common in high-predation populations) and courtship displays (less harmful, and common in low-predation populations). Here, we tested whether female foraging strategy co-evolves with decreasing levels of male harassment as guppies colonize low-predation environments. We set up outdoor stream mesocosms with ecologically naïve males and females from either a high- or a low-predation population in a 2x2 design and tested whether populations diverge in female response to male harassment. We found that low-predation males used more courtship and fewer sneak tactics than their natural high-predation ancestors. Male sneak behavior reduced female foraging efficiency, and this effect was stronger for high-predation females. We then tested whether a similar pattern evolved in a population where high-predation guppies were artificially introduced to a low-predation habitat 12 years ago. Unexpectedly, the introduced males had evolved decreased courtship and increased sneak tactics. Here, increased male courtship, but not increased sneak behavior, reduced female foraging efficiency, and this effect existed only in the introduced, low-predation population. Altogether, our results suggest that both male mating behaviors harass females to differing degrees; females evolve foraging behavior in response to divergence in male mating strategies, but populations may differ in strategies of enduring or ignoring unwanted attention. </p>
Dataset for the paper "Exposure of medical students to sexism and sexual harassment and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional study at a Swiss medical school" published in BMJ Open (2023)
<p><strong>Full reference of the paper: </strong></p> <p>Barbier JM, Carrard V, Schwarz J, et al. Exposure of medical students to sexism and sexual harassment and their association with mental health: a cross-sectional study at a Swiss medical school. BMJ Open 2023;13:e069001. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069001</p>
Data for: Female foraging strategy co-evolve with sexual harassment intensity in the Trinidadian guppy
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Male-like ornamentation in female hummingbirds results from social harassment rather than sexual selection DATA_CODE
<p>Contains all relevant data and code for analyses and figures used in "Male-like ornamentation in female hummingbirds results from social harassment rather than sexual selection" by Jay J. Falk, Michael S. Webster, and Dustin R. Rubenstein. Current Biology, 2021. </p>
Data from: Year-round sexual harassment as a behavioral mediator of vertebrate population dynamics
Within-species sexual segregation is a widespread phenomenon among vertebrates but its causes remain a topic of much debate. Female avoidance of male coercive mating attempts has the potential to influence the social structure of animal populations, yet it has been largely overlooked as a driver of sexual separation. Indeed, its potential role in long-term structuring of natural populations has not been studied. Here we use a comparative approach to examine the suitability of multiple hypotheses forwarded to account for sexual segregation (i.e. activity budget; predation risk; thermal niche - fecundity; and social factors) as drivers underlying sex-specific habitat use in a monomorphic model vertebrate, the small spotted catshark, Scyliorhinus canicula. Using this hypothesis-driven approach we show that year-round sexual habitat segregation in S. canicula can be accounted for directly by female avoidance of male sexual harassment. Long-term electronic tracking reveals sperm-storing female catsharks form daytime refuging aggregations in shallow water caves (~3.2 m water depth), and undertake nocturnal foraging excursions into deeper water (~25 m) most nights. In contrast, males occupy deeper, cooler habitat (~18 m) by day, and exploit a range of depths nocturnally (1 - 23 m). Males frequent the locations of shallow water female refuges, apparently intercepting females for mating when they emerge from, and return to, refuges on foraging excursions. Females partly compensate for higher metabolic costs incurred when refuging in warmer habitat by remaining inactive; however, egg production rates decline in the warmest months, but despite this, refuging behavior is not abandoned. Thermal choice experiments confirm individual females are willing to 'pay' in energy terms to avoid aggressive males and unsolicited male mating attempts. Long-term evasion of sexual harassment influences both the social structure and fecundity of the study population with females trading-off potential injury and unsolicited matings with longer term fitness. This identifies sexual harassment as a persistent cost to females that can mediate vertebrate population dynamics.
Ending Sexual Harassment - Teaching Of Principal Investigators
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06171633. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Effectiveness Study of the Intervention "Stop Sexual Harassment" in Secondary School
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04716400. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Evaluation of Virtual Course to Increase Knowledge in Sexual Harassment,Prevention and Sanction Policies of a University
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04021849. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Sexual Harassment Within and Outside Sports
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04003675. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Year-round sexual harassment as a behavioral mediator of vertebrate population dynamics
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Data from: Sexual conflict and ecology: species composition and male density interact to reduce male mating harassment and increase female survival
Sexual conflict is a pervasive evolutionary force that can reduce female fitness. Experimental evolution studies in the laboratory might overestimate the importance of sexual conflict since the ecological conditions in such settings typically include only a single species. Here, we experimentally manipulated conspecific male density (high or low) and species composition (sympatric or allopatric) to investigate how ecological conditions affect female survival in a sexually dimorphic insect, the banded demoiselle (Calopteryx splendens). Female survival was strongly influenced by an interaction between male density and species composition. Specifically, at low conspecific male density, female survival increased in the presence of heterospecific males (C. virgo). Behavioural mating experiments showed that interspecific interference competition reduced conspecific male mating success with large females. These findings suggest that reproductive interference competition between con- and heterospecific males might indirectly facilitate female survival by reducing mating harassment from conspecific males. Hence, interspecific competitors can show contrasting effects on the two sexes thereby influencing sexual conflict dynamics. Our results call for incorporation of more ecological realism in sexual conflict research, particularly how local community context and reproductive interference competition between heterospecific males can affect female fitness.
Data from: Sexual harassment induces a temporary fitness cost but does not constrain the acquisition of environmental information in fruit flies
Across animals, sexual harassment induces fitness costs for females and males. However, little is known about the cognitive costs involved, i.e. whether it constrains learning processes, which could ultimately affect an individual's fitness. Here we evaluate the acquisition of environmental information in groups of fruit flies challenged with various levels of male sexual harassment. We show that, although high sexual harassment induces a temporary fitness cost for females, all fly groups of both sexes exhibit similar levels of learning. This suggests that, in fruit flies, the fitness benefits of acquiring environmental information are not affected by the fitness costs of sexual harassment, and that selection may favour cognition even in unfavourable social contexts. Our study provides novel insights into the relationship between sexual conflicts and cognition and the evolution of female counterstrategies against male sexual harassment.
Sexual Harassment Prevention for Nursing Via E-Book
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04139720. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Data from: Cross–generational effects of sexual harassment on female fitness in the guppy
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Data from: Sexual conflict and ecology: species composition and male density interact to reduce male mating harassment and increase female survival
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Data from: Sexual harassment induces a temporary fitness cost but does not constrain the acquisition of environmental information in fruit flies
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Sexual harassment in the library: understanding experiences and taking action
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Body Weight Regulation, Disordered Eating Behaviour, and Experiences of Sexual Harassment in Female Martial Art Athletes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04559542. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Code of Respect (X-CoRe): Trial of a Multi-level Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment Prevention Intervention for Active Duty Airmen
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06101056. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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