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4 results for “shared enemy”
Factors shaping the abundance of two butterflies sharing resources and enemies across a biogeographic region
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Intra-specific variation in species relative abundance is shaped by a complex interplay of abiotic and biotic factors, making it both necessary and challenging to assess their combined relative importance in explaining variations across space and time. We used two congeneric butterfly species for which extensive count data and a deep understanding of their natural history are available to test three hypotheses explaining intra-specific variation in their abundance: (H1) seasonal dispersal behaviour driven by climate, (H2) resource availability, and (H3) apparent competition mediated via shared parasitoids.</p> <p><strong>Taxon</strong>: <em>Gonepteryx rhamni </em>(Brimstone) and <em>G. cleopatra</em> (Cleopatra).</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: NE Iberian Peninsula, where both species coexist, and a nearby archipelago (Balearic Islands), where only Cleopatra occurs.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We analyzed spatial abundance variations for both species in the mainland and island-mainland differences in the abundance of Cleopatra. Abiotic and biotic factors, including temperature, host plant and overwintering habitat availability, larval parasitism and density dependence were tested to explain the observed variations.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: H1 can explain variation in butterfly abundance between mainland regions since in warmer summers populations increased in cooler areas but decreased in warmer areas. H2 explains the variation within mainland climate regions with a strong positive relationship between resource availability and abundance but is unlikely to explain the island-mainland variation in the abundance of Cleopatra. H3 could neither explain biogeographical variation in abundance because although richer parasitoid communities were found on the mainland, larval mortality rates were similar or lower on the mainland than in the islands.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Climate and resource availability jointly account for variation in butterfly abundance across the mainland, but neither these factors nor parasitism can explain island-mailand differences. Both coexisting butterfly species and their larval parasitoids may have undergone evolutionary processes, resulting in spatial segregation that promotes the coexistence of the two butterfly species on the mainland.</p>
Factors shaping the abundance of two butterflies sharing resources and enemies across a biogeographic region
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Data from: The effect of multiple natural enemies on a shared herbivore prey
1. Natural enemy diversity is thought to be important for effective suppression of herbivores in production systems. Studies investigating the importance of the diversity and composition of the natural enemy complex often use within year empirical studies or experimental exclusion set-ups. 2. However, within year population suppression might not translate in long term population regulation. Therefore, I used a combination of long-term data collection and an exclusion experiment to investigate mechanisms behind year-to-year population changes and potential effects of disturbance of the natural enemy complex. 3. Using the holly leaf miner study system in Wytham woods, I find that the dominant predator in the system does not necessarily contribute the most to the reduction in year-to-year changes in mine density or within-patch fluctuations. Using the exclusion experiment, it becomes clear that parasitism later in the prey life cycle, can to a certain level compensate for disruption of mortality in the earlier life stage of the prey. 4. Thus, for host suppression in perennial systems the mortality pressure over the whole the life-cycle is important and disturbance during one part of the life cycle might not necessarily be buffered by mortality in other parts of the life cycle, especially if the natural enemy complex consists of multiple predator guilds.
Data from: The effect of multiple natural enemies on a shared herbivore prey
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.