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14 results for “sibships”
Data from: Molecular sibship reconstruction reveals a promiscuous mating system in brood parasitic little bronze-cuckoos (Chalcites minutillus)
<p>In theory, emancipation from parental care is expected to favour promiscuous mating systems. However, in avian brood parasites monogamy is surprisingly widespread and it has been proposed that this may be favoured by factors such as low population density and territoriality. Correspondingly, our previous research revealed that brood parasitic Horsfield's bronze-cuckoos (<em>Chalcites basalis)</em>, which occur at low population densities and defend territories, are monogamous. Here, we contrast this study with the mating system of the congeneric little bronze-cuckoo (<em>C. minutillus)</em>, an obligate brood parasite that exploits more concentrated hosts and is therefore likely to occur at higher population densities. We use single nucleotide polymorphisms to characterise the reproductive patterns of unsampled adults by inferring sibling relationships among 30 offspring. We show that 1) little bronze-cuckoos occurred at high densities, 2) polygamy was the most common mating pattern found in this study in both sexes, and 3) where multiple cuckoo eggs are laid in the same nest, they were unrelated. These results indicate that females do not defend exclusive territories and males do not defend multiple females (polygyny). Instead, little bronze-cuckoos appear to have a non-territorial, promiscuous mating system. Our results are consistent with theoretical predictions that polygamy is more likely to evolve in species that are emancipated from parental care, where there are plenty of available mates and where home ranges are not defended.</p>
A modeling framework for quantifying spatial recruitment dynamics using abundance estimation and sibship analysis: code and simulation study output
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Data from: Molecular sibship reconstruction reveals a promiscuous mating system in brood parasitic little bronze-cuckoos (Chalcites minutillus)
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Data from: Travel with your kin ship! Insights from genetic sibship among settlers of a coral damselfish
<p>Coral reef fish larvae are tiny, exceedingly numerous, and hard to track. They are also highly capable, equipped with swimming and sensory abilities that may influence their dispersal trajectories. Despite the importance of larval input to the dynamics of a population, we remain reliant on indirect insights to the processes influencing larval behavior and transport. Here, we used genetic data (300 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms) derived from a light trap sample of a single recruitment event of Dascyllus abudafur in the Red Sea (N = 168 settlers). We analyzed the genetic composition of the larvae and assessed whether kinship among these was significantly different from random as evidence for cohesive dispersal during the larval phase. We used Monte Carlo simulations of similar‐sized recruitment cohorts to compare the expected kinship composition relative to our empirical data. The high number of siblings within the empirical cohort strongly suggests cohesive dispersal among larvae. This work highlights the utility of kinship analysis as a means of inferring dynamics during the pelagic larval phase.</p>
Safety Study of NK Cells From Sibship to Treat the Recurrence of HCC After Liver Transplantation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02399735. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Associations Between Birth Order, Sibship Size and Periodontal Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06240247. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Estimation of bumblebee queen dispersal distances using sibship reconstruction method
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Data from: Travel with your kin ship! Insights from genetic sibship among settlers of a coral damselfish
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Data from: Sibship effects on dispersal behaviour in a preindustrial human population
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Sibship reconstruction with SNPs illuminates the scope of a cryptic invasion of Asian Swamp Eels (Monotperus albus) in Georgia, USA
<p>Cryptic invasive species are particularly problematic to study, manage, and control because of the difficulty detecting these species within their invaded habitats. Such is the case of the Asian Swamp Eel (<i>Monopterus albus</i>; ASE) where it is established in vegetated marshes along the Chattahoochee River, Georgia. Adult eels have been nearly impossible to detect or quantify with traditional sampling, although leaf-litter trapping of juvenile ASEs has been somewhat successful.In this study, we leveraged a collection of juveniles from the 2015 cohort and used single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to reconstruct sibship among these juveniles in COLONY. Sibship reconstruction allowed us to learn about adult breeding behaviors and provided the first quantified estimates of breeder abundance. Pedigree reconstruction revealed that adults of both sexes were polygamous and likely traveled up to 0.5 km among marsh habitats during a single breeding season. Estimates of the number of breeding adults contributing to offspring (<i>N<sub>s</sub></i>) and the effective number of breeders (<i>N<sub>b</sub></i>) indicated an approximate minimum bound of 100 breeding adults in the marshes in 2015. Our study updated the invasion status of a cryptic population formerly riddled with uncertainty, highlighting that low captures of adult eels in the study area have been the result of low detectability, not low abundance. Given that low detectability would likely hinder removal efforts, our results suggest that future efforts could focus on suppression of ASE abundance when they are most vulnerable to capture and containing the spatial extent of the invasion.</p>
Data from: The consequences of polyandry for sibship structures, distributions of relationships and relatedness, and potential for inbreeding in a wild population
The evolutionary benefits of simultaneous polyandry (female multiple mating within a single reproductive event) remain elusive. One potential benefit could arise if polyandry alters sibship structures and consequent relationships and relatedness among females' descendants, and thereby intrinsically reduces future inbreeding risk (the 'indirect inbreeding avoidance hypothesis'). However such effects have not been quantified in naturally complex mating systems that also encompass iteroparity, overlapping generations, sequential polyandry, and polygyny. We used long-term social and genetic pedigree data from song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) to quantify cross-generational consequences of simultaneous polyandry for offspring sibship structures and distributions of relationships and relatedness among possible mates. Simultaneous polyandry decreased full-sibships and increased half-sibships on average, but such effects varied among females and were smaller than would occur in the absence of sequential polyandry or polygyny. Further, while simultaneous polyandry decreased the overall frequencies of possible matings among adult full-sibs, it increased the frequencies of possible matings among adult half-sibs and more distant relatives. These results imply that the intrinsic consequences of simultaneous polyandry for inbreeding risk could cause weak indirect selection on polyandry, but the magnitude and direction of such effects will depend on complex interactions with other mating system components and the form of inbreeding depression.
Data from: The consequences of polyandry for sibship structures, distributions of relationships and relatedness, and potential for inbreeding in a wild population
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Data from: Parentage and sibship inference from markers in polyploids
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Sibship reconstruction with SNPs illuminates the scope of a cryptic invasion of Asian Swamp Eels (Monotperus albus) in Georgia, USA
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