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60 results for “size ratios”
Replication data for: "The hapax / type ratio: an indicator of minimally required sample size in productivity studies?"
<p>The dataset accompanies the scientific article "The hapax / type ratio: an indicator of minimally required sample size in productivity studies?" and can be used to reproduce the findings presented in this article. This dataset consists of two components, namely (i) the corpus data involving the Dutch semi-copular verb "raken" and (ii) an R analysis script to reproduce the computational steps.</p>
Text-fig. 4. a: Conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies 1, facies A are composed of Andesit (AF), Clay (CF) and Sandstone (SF) fragments lain on medium-sandstone. b: Conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies, outcropping of massive sandstone facies comprises of fine to medium grain size of grey to yellowish sandstone. c: Heterolithic sandstone-mudstone facies, intercalation of fine sand with silt and shale as type form of heterolithic sandstone mudstone as indicated by a high sand/shale ratio. d: Example outcrops of heterolithic sandstone-mudstone 2 indicated by low sand/shale ratio. e: Heterolithic fine sand and mudstone and mudstone facies, intercalation of thin sandstone and shale. f: Representative of slump deposits outcrops belong to conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies, which is indicated by the intercalation of sandstone and shale and some disturbed beds or layers as seen in slump deposits. The facies type is normally deposited within the basin floor, channel margin or as a product of the overbank deposits. In this figure the slump deposit is shown as internal bedding, some occurred on the bedding-plane. Trend slope measurement of the fold-axis revealed values N 135°E and N 108°E. in Lithofacies And Ichnofacies Of Turbidite Deposits, West Java, Indonesia
Text-fig. 4. a: Conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies 1, facies A are composed of Andesit (AF), Clay (CF) and Sandstone (SF) fragments lain on medium-sandstone. b: Conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies, outcropping of massive sandstone facies comprises of fine to medium grain size of grey to yellowish sandstone. c: Heterolithic sandstone-mudstone facies, intercalation of fine sand with silt and shale as type form of heterolithic sandstone mudstone as indicated by a high sand/shale ratio. d: Example outcrops of heterolithic sandstone-mudstone 2 indicated by low sand/shale ratio. e: Heterolithic fine sand and mudstone and mudstone facies, intercalation of thin sandstone and shale. f: Representative of slump deposits outcrops belong to conglomeratic to massive sandstone facies, which is indicated by the intercalation of sandstone and shale and some disturbed beds or layers as seen in slump deposits. The facies type is normally deposited within the basin floor, channel margin or as a product of the overbank deposits. In this figure the slump deposit is shown as internal bedding, some occurred on the bedding-plane. Trend slope measurement of the fold-axis revealed values N 135°E and N 108°E.
An experimental dataset to explore the size ratio impact on an intruder segregating in bedload transport
<p>This repository gathers :</p> <ul> <li>The treated data used in the article "Exploring the size ratio impact on an intruder segregating in bedload transport" from Dedieu B., Rousseau H., Frey P. and Chauchat J. in Physical Review of Fluids (DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104302" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104302</a>),</li> <li>Some re-computed data from the experiments of <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.064305" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Rousseau H. et al.(2022)</a> in csv format,</li> <li>A python3 package <em>codes</em> used to load the data.</li> </ul> <p>Explanations on how to use the codes and how the data are organized can be found in the <em>README.md</em>.</p> <p>Feel free to contact the authors if you need more information or wish to access the raw image data.</p>
Name Size Figure 4.2. Ratio of male to female participants-The Effects of CALL on Vocabulary Learning: A Case of Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners
<p>In the past, vocabulary teaching and learning were often given little priority in second<br> language programs but recently there has been a renewed interest in the nature of vocabulary and its<br> role in learning and teaching. Although most teachers might be aware of the importance of<br> technology, say, computer, rarely teachers use it for teaching vocabulary. Thus, the current study<br> aims at exploring the effects of CALL on vocabulary learning of Iranian EFL Learners. In this<br> study, 40 intermediate EFL learners, both male and female aged from 16 to 18 studying New<br> Interchange, book III, were chosen randomly from a language institute in Tehran. They were divided<br> into two twenty-member groups. The experimental group was given the VTS.S (a computer<br> program for teaching vocabularies), a computerized dictionary and provided with teacher efeedback.<br> The control group received no special software and vocabularies were taught using the<br> conventional ways with the help of a paper dictionary.</p>
Text-fig. 2. Scatter diagram of the length/width ratio of the upper fourth premolar (P4) of Chalicomys jaegeri from Grytsiv as compared to those of C. jaegeri only (a) and additionally of Euroxenomys minutus rhenanus (E. min rhen), Euroxenomys minutus (Eurex min) (b) from other localities. Abbreviations for localities: Cana – Çanakkale (probably MN 8/9 after Sen 2016; data from Ünay 1974), DornD – Dorn-Dürkheim 1 (MN 11; data from Franzen and Storch (1975) for both C. jaegeri and E. minutus rhenanus), Epp – Eppelsheim (MN 9; Stefen 2009), Kücük – Küçükçekmece (probably MN 8/9; Sen 2016), and Sansan (MN 6 after Sen 1997; data from Hugueney and Duranthon 2012). A single specimen from Grytsiv (G) – NMNHU-P 22/218 is tentatively assigned to Euroxenomys minutus based on its size. in Beavers (Castoridae, Rodentia) From The Late Miocene (Mn 9) Locality Grytsiv In Ukraine
Text-fig. 2. Scatter diagram of the length/width ratio of the upper fourth premolar (P4) of Chalicomys jaegeri from Grytsiv as compared to those of C. jaegeri only (a) and additionally of Euroxenomys minutus rhenanus (E. min rhen), Euroxenomys minutus (Eurex min) (b) from other localities. Abbreviations for localities: Cana – Çanakkale (probably MN 8/9 after Sen 2016; data from Ünay 1974), DornD – Dorn-Dürkheim 1 (MN 11; data from Franzen and Storch (1975) for both C. jaegeri and E. minutus rhenanus), Epp – Eppelsheim (MN 9; Stefen 2009), Kücük – Küçükçekmece (probably MN 8/9; Sen 2016), and Sansan (MN 6 after Sen 1997; data from Hugueney and Duranthon 2012). A single specimen from Grytsiv (G) – NMNHU-P 22/218 is tentatively assigned to Euroxenomys minutus based on its size.
Fig. 9 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 9 – Polynomial regression graph between elytra width of Nebria castanea females and the springtail abundance.
Fig. 7 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 7 – Boxplots of elytra width of Nebria castanea females as a function of landform. p-value of N. castanea morphometric analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test, that evaluate the presence of significant differences in body size between landforms with ice (active rock glacier) and without ice (fossil rock glacier and scree slope). Asterisk highlights significant values.
Fig. 3 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 3 – Boxplot of Nebria germarii body parameters as a function of sex (F=female; M=male). p-value of the Kruskal-Wallis tests for N. germarii body size as a function of sex. Asterisk highlights significant values.
Fig. 5 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 5 – PCA analysis graphs. Blue stars=active rock glacier specimens; Gold squares=fossil rock glacier specimens; Green dot=scree slope specimens.
Fig. 6 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 6 – Boxplot of head width of Nebria germarii females as a function of landform. p-value of N. germarii morphometric analysis with Kruskal-Wallis test, that evaluate the presence of significant differences in body size between landforms with ice (active rock glacier) and without ice (fossil rock glacier and scree slope). Asterisk highlights significant values.
Fig. 2 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 2 – Dorsal view of Nebria germarii and representation of the measured body parameters. For the meaning of the letters see the text (Photo by A. Carlin).
Fig. 4 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 4 – Boxplot of Nebria castanea body parameters as a function of sex (F=female; M=male). p-value of the Kruskal-Wallis tests for N. castanea body size as a function of sex. Asterisk highlights significant values.
Size and isotopic ratios of macroinvertebrates in mangroves with and without seabirds
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Data from: Influence of intra- and interspecific variation in predator-prey body size ratios on trophic interaction strengths
<p>1. Predation is a pervasive force that structures food webs and directly influences ecosystem functioning. The relative body sizes of predators and prey may be an important determinant of interaction strengths. However, studies quantifying the combined influence of intra- and interspecific variation in predator-prey body size ratios are lacking.</p> <p>2. We use a comparative functional response approach to examine interaction strengths between three size classes of invasive bluegill and largemouth bass towards three scaled size classes of their tilapia prey. We then quantify the influence of intra- and interspecific predator-prey body mass ratios on the scaling of attack rates and handling times.</p> <p>3. Type II functional responses were displayed by both predators across all predator and prey size classes. Largemouth bass consumed more than bluegill at small and intermediate predator size classes, whilst large predators of both species were more similar. Small prey were most vulnerable overall, however differential attack rates among prey were emergent across predator sizes. For both bluegill and largemouth bass, small predators exhibited higher attack rates towards small and intermediate prey sizes, whilst larger predators exhibited greater attack rates towards large prey. Conversely, handling times increased with prey size, with small bluegill exhibiting particularly low feeding rates towards medium-large prey types. Attack rates for both predators peaked unimodally at intermediate predator-prey body mass ratios, whilst handling times generally shortened across increasing body mass ratios.</p> <p>4. We thus demonstrate effects of body size ratios on predator-prey interaction strengths between key fish species, with attack rates and handling times dependent on the relative sizes of predator-prey participants.</p> <p>5. Considerations for intra- and interspecific body size ratio effects are critical for predicting the strengths of interactions within ecosystems and may drive differential ecological impacts among invasive species as size ratios shift.</p>
Data from: The sources of variation for individual prey-to-predator size ratios
<p>The relative body size at which predators are willing to attack prey, a key trait for predator-prey interactions, is usually considered invariant. However, this ratio can vary widely among individuals or populations. Identifying the range and origin of such variation is key to understanding the strength and constraints on selection in both predators and prey. Still, these sources of variation remain largely unknown. We filled this gap by measuring the genetic, maternal and environmental variation of the maximum prey-to-predator size ratio (PPSRmax) in juveniles of the wolf spider Lycosa fasciiventris using a paternal half-sib split brood design, in which each male was paired with two different females and the offspring reared in two different food environments: poor and rich. Each juvenile spider was then sequentially offered crickets of decreasing size and the maximum prey size killed was determined. We also measured body size and body condition of spiders upon emergence and just before the trial. We found low, but significant heritability (h2=0.069) and dominance and common environmental variance (d2+4c2=0.056). PPSRmax was also partially explained by body condition (during trial) but there was no effect of the rearing food environment. Finally, a maternal correlation between body size early in life and PPSRmax indicated that offspring born larger were less predisposed to feed on larger prey later in life. Therefore, PPSRmax, a central trait in ecosystems, can vary widely and this variation is due to different sources, with important consequences for changes in this trait in the short and long terms.</p>
Fig. 8 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 8 – Linear regression graph between elytra width of Nebria castanea females and the soil pH.
Fig. 1 in Sex-ratio and body size plasticity in two cold-adapted ground beetles co-occurring in a periglacial area of the European Alps (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Fig. 1 – Sampling plan: distribution of pitfall traps at the Lazaunkar site.
Data from: Influence of intra- and interspecific variation in predator-prey body size ratios on trophic interaction strengths
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Data from: A pan-European citizen science study shows population size, climate and land use are related to biased morph ratios in the heterostylous plant Primula veris
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Data from: The sources of variation for individual prey-to-predator size ratios
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