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44 results for “skull reconstructions”
Avizo reconstruction of skull of Siamogale melilutra dataset
<p><em><strong>Siamogale melilutra</strong></em> is an extinct species of giant <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otter">otter</a> from the late <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miocene">Miocene</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnan">Yunnan</a> province, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China">China</a>. Ranking among the largest fossil otters, <em>Siamogale</em> represents a feeding <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecomorphology">ecomorphology</a> with no living analog. Its giant size and high mandibular strength confer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durophagy">shell-crushing capability</a> matched only by other extinct <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molluscivore">molluscivores</a>, such as the marine bear <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolponomos">Kolponomos</a></em>.<sup><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamogale_melilutra#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </sup>The skull reveals a combination of otter-like and badger-like cranial and dental characteristics. The new species belongs to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutrinae">Lutrinae</a> because of its possession of a large infraorbital canal and ventral expansion of the mastoid process, among other traits.<sup><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamogale_melilutra#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> <em>Siamogale melilutra</em> was about 1.9 m (6.25 ft) in overall length and weighed at least 40 kg (88 pounds).<sup><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamogale_melilutra#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> The remains of the skull were found in China and were re-created with a special program called the CT scan which is able to reconstruct the skeleton without being damaged. (From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siamogale_melilutra).</p> <p>This dataset was generated by Avizo 2020.2. It represents our reconstruction of the skull of Siamogale melilutra. The original CT files are available on MorphoSource.org, media 000413248, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.17602/M2/M413248">10.17602/M2/M413248</a>. A mesh PLY file of the reconstructed skull generated from this Avizo dataset is also available at MorphoSource.org, media 000413543, DoI <a href="https://doi.org/10.17602/M2/M413543">10.17602/M2/M413543</a>.</p>
Text-fig. 6. Briveichthys chantepieorum gen. et sp. nov. a: reconstruction of the skull roof and the nasal in dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; b: reconstruction of the skull in lateral view (parts of the skull which are not clearly retained are in grey colour), scale bar 5 mm. Abbreviations: ana – anterior nasal opening, Aop – antoperculum, De – dentalosplenial, Dpt – dermopterotic, Dsph – dermosphenotic, Fr – frontal, Gul – lateral gular, ioc – infraorbital canal, Ju – jugal, Mx – maxilla, Na – nasal, Op – operculum, Pa – parietal, pl – pit line, Pop – preoperculum, Pt – posttemporal, Rbr – branchiostegal ray, Scl – supracleithrum, soc – supraorbital canal, Sop – suboperculum, sr – sclerotical ring. in New Actinopterygians From The Permian Of The Brive Basin, And The Ichthyofaunas Of The French Massif Central
Text-fig. 6. Briveichthys chantepieorum gen. et sp. nov. a: reconstruction of the skull roof and the nasal in dorsal view, scale bar 5 mm; b: reconstruction of the skull in lateral view (parts of the skull which are not clearly retained are in grey colour), scale bar 5 mm. Abbreviations: ana – anterior nasal opening, Aop – antoperculum, De – dentalosplenial, Dpt – dermopterotic, Dsph – dermosphenotic, Fr – frontal, Gul – lateral gular, ioc – infraorbital canal, Ju – jugal, Mx – maxilla, Na – nasal, Op – operculum, Pa – parietal, pl – pit line, Pop – preoperculum, Pt – posttemporal, Rbr – branchiostegal ray, Scl – supracleithrum, soc – supraorbital canal, Sop – suboperculum, sr – sclerotical ring.
→ Fig. 2. Representative skeletal elements of ornithosuchid archosaur Dynamosuchus collisensis gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0248) from Janner outcrop, Carnian, Late Triassic. A. Selected skull bones in left lateral view. B. Reconstruction of the skull. C. Skull in ventral view. D. Left quadrate and quadratojugal in posterodorsal view. E. Parabasisphenoid in left lateral view. F. Neural arch of an anterior cervical vertebra in anterior view. G. Centrum of a cervical vertebra in left lateral view. H. Right osteoderm in dorsal view. I. Neural arch of an anterior dorsal vertebra in left lateral view. J. Left ilium in lateral view. L. Right humerus in anterior view. M. Right forearm in medial view. N. Left manus in dorsal view. O. Right (reversed) pubis in lateral view. P. Left femur in anterior view. Q. Left fibula in lateral view. Some unpreserved portions are modified from Baczko et al. in press, for the reconstruction of the skeleton of CAPPA/UFSM 0248 (preserved elements indicated in orange) (K). Scale bars 20 mm. in The first ornithosuchid from Brazil and its macroevolutionary and phylogenetic implications for Late Triassic faunas in Gondwana
→ Fig. 2. Representative skeletal elements of ornithosuchid archosaur Dynamosuchus collisensis gen. et sp. nov. (CAPPA/UFSM 0248) from Janner outcrop, Carnian, Late Triassic. A. Selected skull bones in left lateral view. B. Reconstruction of the skull. C. Skull in ventral view. D. Left quadrate and quadratojugal in posterodorsal view. E. Parabasisphenoid in left lateral view. F. Neural arch of an anterior cervical vertebra in anterior view. G. Centrum of a cervical vertebra in left lateral view. H. Right osteoderm in dorsal view. I. Neural arch of an anterior dorsal vertebra in left lateral view. J. Left ilium in lateral view. L. Right humerus in anterior view. M. Right forearm in medial view. N. Left manus in dorsal view. O. Right (reversed) pubis in lateral view. P. Left femur in anterior view. Q. Left fibula in lateral view. Some unpreserved portions are modified from Baczko et al. in press, for the reconstruction of the skeleton of CAPPA/UFSM 0248 (preserved elements indicated in orange) (K). Scale bars 20 mm.
FIGURE 8. Reconstructed cast and 3D in A novel feeding mechanism of diplodocid sauropods revealed in an Apatosaurine skull from the Upper Jurassic Nail Quarry (Morrison Formation) at Como Bluff, Wyoming, USA
FIGURE 8. Reconstructed cast and 3D model of the braincase of TATE-099 in dorsal view (A, B), ventral view (C, D), posterior view (E, F), right lateral view (G, H), and left lateral view (I, J). Scale bar equals 10 cm. Abb: bo, basoccipital; bpr, basipterygoid process; bs, basisphenoid; bt, basal tuber; cpr, crista prootica; eo, exoccipital-opithsotic; f, frontal; fm, foramen magnum; p, parietal; pas, parasphenoid; pft, posttemporal fenestra; po, postorbital; popr, paroccipital process; so, supraoccipital; snc, sagittal nuchal crest; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
Text-fig. 3. Progyrolepis speciosus (FRIČ, 1875). Reconstruction of the dermal skull in lateral view, x 0.7. After Štamberg (1991). Ang – angular; cl – cleithrum; Dent – dentalosplenial; Epi – epipreoperculum; Fr – frontal; Gul – gular lateral; La – lacrimal; Mx – maxilla; Na – nasal; Op – operculum; Pop - preoperculum; Pt – posttemporal; Ptr – postrostral; Rbr – branchiostegal rays; Rpm – rostropremaxillar; Sbo – suborbital; Scl – supracleithrum; Sop – suboperculum. in Knowledge Of The Carboniferous And Permian Actinopterygian Fishes Of The Bohemian Massif - 100 Years After Antonín Frič
Text-fig. 3. Progyrolepis speciosus (FRIČ, 1875). Reconstruction of the dermal skull in lateral view, x 0.7. After Štamberg (1991). Ang – angular; cl – cleithrum; Dent – dentalosplenial; Epi – epipreoperculum; Fr – frontal; Gul – gular lateral; La – lacrimal; Mx – maxilla; Na – nasal; Op – operculum; Pop - preoperculum; Pt – posttemporal; Ptr – postrostral; Rbr – branchiostegal rays; Rpm – rostropremaxillar; Sbo – suborbital; Scl – supracleithrum; Sop – suboperculum.
Text-fig. 1. Letovichthys tuberculatus ŠTAMBERG, 2007. Reconstruction of the dermal skull in lateral view, x 3. After Štamberg (2007). Dent – dentalosplenial; Dhy – dermohyal; dlac – dorso-lateral-anterior sensory canal; Dpt – dermopterotic; Dsph – dermosphenotic; Ext.l – extrascapular lateral; Ext.m – extrascapular medial; Fr – frontal; Gu.l – gular lateral; ifc – infraorbital canal; Io.s – infraorbital superior; mdc – mandibular canal; Na – nasal; Op – operculum; Pa – parietal; Pmx – premaxillar; Pop - preoperculum; Pscs – postspiracular; Pt – posttemporal; Ptr – postrostral; Rbr – branchiostegal rays; Sbo – suborbital; Scl – supracleithrum; Sop – suboperculum; stc – supratemporal commisural sensory canal. in Knowledge Of The Carboniferous And Permian Actinopterygian Fishes Of The Bohemian Massif - 100 Years After Antonín Frič
Text-fig. 1. Letovichthys tuberculatus ŠTAMBERG, 2007. Reconstruction of the dermal skull in lateral view, x 3. After Štamberg (2007). Dent – dentalosplenial; Dhy – dermohyal; dlac – dorso-lateral-anterior sensory canal; Dpt – dermopterotic; Dsph – dermosphenotic; Ext.l – extrascapular lateral; Ext.m – extrascapular medial; Fr – frontal; Gu.l – gular lateral; ifc – infraorbital canal; Io.s – infraorbital superior; mdc – mandibular canal; Na – nasal; Op – operculum; Pa – parietal; Pmx – premaxillar; Pop - preoperculum; Pscs – postspiracular; Pt – posttemporal; Ptr – postrostral; Rbr – branchiostegal rays; Sbo – suborbital; Scl – supracleithrum; Sop – suboperculum; stc – supratemporal commisural sensory canal.
Fig. 6 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 6. Cranial bones of lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. A. The right premaxilla in medial (A1) and lateral (A2) views. B. The right maxilla in lateral (B1) and medial (B2) views. C. The right (C1) and left (C2) nasal in dorsal view. D. The right (D1, D4) and left (D2, D3) frontals in dorsal (D1, D2) and ventral (D3, D4) views. E. The right (E1, E4) and left (E2, E3) parietals in dorsal (E1, E2) and ventral (E3, E4) views.
Fig. 2 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 2. Newly identified cranial bones present in lepidosaur rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939 (NHMUK PV R36832) from Rhaetian, Cromhall Quarry, England, UK. A. The right postorbital in medial view, identified from amongst unidentified bones from the original surface dataset created by O'Brien et al. (2018). B. The left squamosal in lateral view, re-identified here from its previous suggested identity of a pterygoid flange. C. The right squamosal in lateral view, like A identified here from amongst previously unidentified bones from the original dataset. D. The left quadrate in medial view, partially resegmented from the original dataset to be more complete. E. The right quadrate in medial view, newly segmented and identified here. F. Left palatine in ventral view, partially resegmented from the original data set, note the number of palatine teeth (nine). G. The right pterygoid in medial view, partially resegmented from the original dataset, seen here with a newly segmented pterygoid flange. H. The newly identified pila antotica, and newly segmented para- and basisphenoids in left (H1) and right (H2) lateral; ventral (H3), and dorsal (H4) views. I. The left coronoid in medial view.
Fig. 12 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 12. Reconstruction of the skulls of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939 (based on NHMUK PV R36832). B. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (based on NHMUK PV R37014). In dorsal (A1, B1), posterior (A2, B2), ventral (A3, B3), lateral (A4, B4) views. Bones types that are absent in their respective datasets are highlighted in orange. Note that the pterygoids of C. cambrica bear two rows of multiple teeth, but the exact number of teeth at this time is unknown.
Fig. 9 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 9. The reassembled braincase of lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. In dorsal (A1), posterior (A2), ventral (A3), and lateral (A4) views. Abbreviations: l., left; r., right.
Fig. 4 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 4. The resegmented bones of lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK; in dorsal (A1) and ventral (A2) views. Abbreviations: l., left; r., right.
Fig. 1 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 1. The two surface data-sets of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939 (NHMUK PV R36832) from Rhaetian, Cromhall Quarry, England, UK, the left side of the digitally segmented skull in lateral view, adapted from O'Brien et al. (2018). B. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK, available prior to this paper, the digitally segmented skull in ventral view, adapted from Keeble et al. (2018).
Fig. 8 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 8. Cranial bones present in lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. A. The right palatine in ventral view. B. The left and right vomers in ventral view. C. The left epipterygoid in lateral (C1) and posterior (C2) views. D. The left pterygoid and ectopterygoid in ventral view. E. The left quadrate in medial (E1) and posterior (E2) views.
Fig. 7 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 7. Cranial bones of lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. A. The reassembled left prefrontal. B. The left postfrontal. C. The reassembled left postorbital. D. The left squamosal. E. The left supratemporal. In lateral (A1–D1, E) and medial (A2–D2) views.
Fig. 11 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 11. The vertebral column and pectoral girdle elements of lepidosaur rynchocephalian Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 NHMUK PV R37013 and NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. A. The axial-atlas complex in dorsal (A1), lateral (A2), ventral (A3) and anterior (A4) views. B. The third cervical vertebra in right lateral (B1) and anterior (B2) views. C. A dorsal vertebra in right lateral (C1) and anterior (C2) views. D. The five cervical vertebrae present in the scans taken of NHMUK PV R37014, in lateral view, with asterisk indicating the cervical vertebra seen in B; note the posterior-most vertebra terminates prematurely due to the extent of the CT scans. E. The partial vertebral column of NHMUK PV R37013 in lateral view, with asterisk indicating the dorsal vertebra seen in C. F. The left (F1) and right (F2) scapula in lateral view. G. The left (G1) and right (G2) coracoids in lateral view.
Fig. 13 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 13. The reconstructed braincases of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018. B. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939. C. Sphenodon punctatus (from Maisano 2001). In dorsal (A1–C1) and ventral (A2–C2) views. Bones types that are absent in their respective datasets are highlighted in orange.
Fig. 10 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 10. The reconstructed left mandible of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018 (NHMUK PV R37014) from Late Triassic, Pant-y-ffynnon, Wales, UK. B. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939 (NHMUK PV R36832) from Rhaetian, Cromhall Quarry, England, UK. Note: the anterior tip of the dentary is highlighted in blue to indicate where bone is taken from C. cambrica. In lateral (A1, B1), medial (A2, B2), and dorsal (A4, B4) views, simplified reconstruction in medial view (A3, B3).
Fig. 14 in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 14. The reconstructed braincases of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018. B. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939. C. Sphenodon punctatus (from Maisano 2001). In posterior (A1–C1) and right lateral (A2–C2) views. Bones types that are absent in their respective datasets are highlighted in orange.
Fig. 15. A in Diversity in rhynchocephalian Clevosaurus skulls based on CT reconstruction of two Late Triassic species from Great Britain
Fig. 15. A size scale comparison of the skulls of lepidosaur rynchocephalians. A. Sphenodon punctatus (from Maisano 2001). B. Clevosaurus cambrica Keeble, Whiteside, and Benton, 2018. C. Clevosaurus hudsoni Swinton, 1939; C3, based on NHMUK PV R36832 (adapted from illustrations by Lavinia Gandolfi). In lateral (A1–C1, C4) and dorsal (A2–C2) views.
Text-fig. 1. a – Discosauriscidae indet., DE K 396, skull in dorsal view. b – reconstruction of skull of DE K 396 in dorsal view. c – reconstruction of skull of Discosauriscus austriacus in dorsal view (on the basis of specimen Z 15529 from the locality Kochov-Horka, Boskovice Basin, deposited in the Slovak National Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia; Klembara 1997). in A New Find Of Discosauriscid Seymouriamorph From The Lower Permian Of Boskovice Basin In Moravia (The Czech Republic)
Text-fig. 1. a – Discosauriscidae indet., DE K 396, skull in dorsal view. b – reconstruction of skull of DE K 396 in dorsal view. c – reconstruction of skull of Discosauriscus austriacus in dorsal view (on the basis of specimen Z 15529 from the locality Kochov-Horka, Boskovice Basin, deposited in the Slovak National Museum, Bratislava, Slovakia; Klembara 1997).
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