Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
27
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
27 results for “small prey”
Are you scared yet? Variations to cue components elicits differential prey behavioral responses even when gape limited predators are relatively small.
Anti-predator behavior is often evoked based on measurements of risk calculated from sensory cues emanating from predators independent of physical attack. Yet, the exact sensory indices of cues used in risk assessment remain largely unknown. To examine how different predatory cue indices of information are used in risk assessment, we presented prey with various cues from sublethal gape-limited predators. Rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus (Girard, 1852)) were exposed to predatory odors from sublethal-sized largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides (Lacepède, 1802)) to test effects of changing predator abundance, relative size relationships, and total predator length in flow through mesocosms. Foraging, shelter use, and movement behavior were used to measure cue effects. Foraging time depended jointly upon predator abundance and total predator size (p = 0.030). Specifically, high predator abundance resulted in decreased foraging efforts as gape ratio increased. Similarly, sheltering time depended on the interaction between predator abundance and gape ratio when predator abundance was highest (p = 0.020). Crayfish significantly increased exploration time when gape ratio increased (p = 0.010). Thus, this study shows crayfish can use different indices of predatory cues, namely total predator abundance and relative size ratios, in risk assessment but do so in context-specific ways.
Fig. 4 in A community analysis approach to parasite transmission in multi-host systems: Assemblages of small mammal prey and Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban area in North America
Fig. 4. Map showing the geographic distribution of three small mammal assemblage types predicted for the City of Calgary area by a multinomial logistic regression (MLR) model associating the environmental variables to assemblage types, developed from data collected in 2012 and 2013 (Liccioli et al., 2014). Note how large portion of BWM and NHP were classified as assemblage 1 as expected, but also large portion of FCPP, where it was not expected.
Fig. 1 in A community analysis approach to parasite transmission in multi-host systems: Assemblages of small mammal prey and Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban area in North America
Fig. 1. Study sites for the characterization of the small mammal assemblages in urban Calgary, AB, Canada in 2012–2013, showing the location of five areas in Urban Calgary and detailed map of Bowmont, Southland Lowlands, and Weaselhead. Bowmont (BM), Fishcreek Provincial Park (FCPP), Nose Hill Park (NHP), Southland Lowlands (SL), and Weaselhead (WSH).
Fig. 2 in A community analysis approach to parasite transmission in multi-host systems: Assemblages of small mammal prey and Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban area in North America
Fig. 2. Dendrograms derived from the Bray-Curtis similarity of small mammal assemblages in five parks and natural areas in urban Calgary, AB, Canada, 2012–2013. a) Dendrogram using abundance data and group-average clustering algorithm. The dashed line indicates the cluster cut-off line of 45% similarity. Symbols for each site indicate the prevalence of definitive hosts (EmDH) and presence (1) or absence (0) of infected small mammals (EmIH). b) Dendrogram using abundance data and complete-linkage clustering algorithm. Note how it is similar to the dendrogram using group-average algorithm. c) Dendrogram using proportion data and group-average clustering algorithm. Note how all BM sites are in single cluster and all NHP sites and most sites are in another cluster, similar to the dendrogram using abundance data.
Relative size matters: Eyespots on large insect prey deter small arthropod predators
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
DNA metabarcoding illuminates the contribution of small and very small prey taxa to the diet of lions
<p><span>Knowledge of food web interactions is essential for understanding the role of carnivores in an ecosystem and designing appropriate conservation and management strategies to preserve them. These interactions can only be understood by studying carnivores' diets and obtaining comprehensive and unbiased diet data. For large carnivores – which typically rely on large herbivores as prey – the role of smaller prey species has not received attention. This study aims to quantify the contribution of small (5–50 kg) and very small (<5 kg) prey taxa in the diet of lions (</span><em><span>Panthera leo melanochaita</span></em><span>)</span><span> in four Kenyan National Parks (NPs). We use DNA metabarcoding to achieve higher-resolution insights into prey composition, which is less biased toward large prey species compared to traditional methods, such as carcass counts. Our study identified 24 prey taxa in a total of 171 lion fecal samples. Small and very small p</span><span>rey taxa together contributed 18.7% out of 278 prey occurrences in all fecal samples. With comparable small prey presence (ranging from 8% to 15%) in the diet for each NP studied. This approach </span><span>proved to be useful in detecting small and very small prey species in the diet of lions and can therefore be used in future research to uncover the diverse diet composition of these large carnivores. The consistent presence of smaller prey species in the diet indicates that lions generally supplement their large prey diet with smaller prey. </span></p>
DNA metabarcoding illuminates the contribution of small and very small prey taxa to the diet of lions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Alaskan brown bears (Ursus arctos) aggregate and display fidelity to foraging neighborhoods while preying on Pacific salmon along small streams
The interaction between brown bears (Ursus arctos) and Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) is important to the population dynamics of both species and a celebrated example of consumer-mediated nutrient transport. Yet, much of the site-specific information we have about the bears in this relationship comes from observations at a few highly visible but unrepresentative locations and a small number of radio-telemetry studies. Consequently, our understanding of brown bear abundance and behavior at more cryptic locations where they commonly feed on salmon, including small spawning streams, remains limited. We employed a non-invasive genetic approach (barbed wire hair snares) over four summers (2012-2015) to document patterns of brown bear abundance and movement among six spawning streams for sockeye salmon, O. nerka, in southwestern Alaska. The streams were grouped into two trios on opposite sides of Lake Aleknagik. Thus, we predicted that most bears would forage within only one trio during the spawning season because of the energetic costs associated with swimming between them or traveling around the lake, and show fidelity to particular trios across years because of the benefits of familiarity with local salmon dynamics and stream characteristics. Huggins closed-capture models based on encounter histories from genotyped hair samples revealed that as many as 41 individuals visited single streams during the annual six-week sampling season. Bears also moved freely among trios of streams but rarely moved between these putative foraging neighborhoods, either during or between years. By implication, even small salmon spawning streams can serve as important resources for brown bears, and consistent use of stream neighborhoods by certain bears may play an important role in spatially structuring coastal bear populations. Our findings also underscore the efficacy of non-invasive hair snagging and genetic analysis for examining bear abundance and movements at relatively fine spatial and temporal scales.
Predator cannibalism can shift prey community composition toward dominance by small prey species
<p><span>Cannibalism among predators is a key intraspecific interaction affecting their density and foraging behaviour, eventually modifying the strength of predation on heterospecific prey. Interestingly, previous studies showed that cannibalism among predators can increase or reduce predation on heterospecific prey; however we know less about the factors that lead to these outcomes. Using a simple pond community consisting of <em>Hynobius retardatus</em> salamander larvae and their associated prey, I report empirical evidence that cannibalism among predators can increase predation on large heterospecific prey but reduce that on small heterospecific prey. In a field-enclosure experiment in which I manipulated the occurrence of salamander cannibalism, I found that salamander cannibalism increased predation on frog tadpoles but reduced that on aquatic insects simultaneously. The contrasting effects are most likely to be explained by prey body size. In the study system, frog tadpoles were too large for non-cannibal salamanders to consume, while aquatic insects were within the non-cannibals' consumable prey size range. However, when cannibalism occurred, a few individuals that succeeded in cannibalising reached large enough size to consume frog tadpoles. Consequently, although cannibalism among salamanders reduced their density, salamander cannibalism increased predation on large prey frog tadpoles. Meanwhile, salamander cannibalism reduced predation on small prey aquatic insects probably because of a density reduction of non-cannibals primarily consuming aquatic insects. Body size is often correlated with various ecological traits, for instance, diet width, consumption and excretion rates, and is thus considered as a good indicator of species' effects on ecosystem function. All this considered, cannibalism among predators could eventually affect ecosystem function by shifting the size composition of the prey community. </span></p>
FIG. 4 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
FIG. 4. Relationship between aerial insect number (pooled for altitude and all habitat types) with air temperature (r² = 0.092)
F. 7 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
F. 7. Bat activity expressed as 0 ± SD bat passes hr-1 in relation to habitat type (water state) of both M. daubentonii and IG P. pipistrellus, pooled for all four altitudes
FIG. 6 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
FIG. 6. Percentage of most prevalent aerial insects found during the 40 nights of sweep net sampling along river Wharfe. Samples been pooled for altitude and habitat type. Insect families represented by <0.1 % not shown
FIG. 3 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
FIG. 3. Mean ± SD of number of aerial insects caught with sweep net above water surface (and over grass = control), pooled for all four altitudes (n = 40 nights)
FIG. 5 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
FIG. 5. Relationship between numbers of aerial insects caught with a sweep net (pooled for all altitudes and habitat types) above the water surface with minimum wind speed
FIG. 2 in Small scale habitat preferences of Myotis daubentonii, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and potential aerial prey in an upland river valley
FIG. 2. Wind direction (degrees) expressed as windroses at for 10 nights from highest (a) to lowest (d) altitudes along river Wharfe
Data from: Alaskan brown bears (Ursus arctos) aggregate and display fidelity to foraging neighborhoods while preying on Pacific salmon along small streams
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Predator cannibalism can shift prey community composition toward dominance by small prey species
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Mesopredator suppression by an apex predator alleviates the risk of predation perceived by small prey
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Prey selection of Scandinavian wolves: single large or several small?
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Changes in foraging mode caused by a decline in prey size have major bioenergetic consequences for a small pelagic fish
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.