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6 results for “social dominance rank”
Data from: Dominance rank and boldness predict social attraction in great tits
Social relationships can have important fitness consequences, and how well an individual is socially connected often correlates with other behavioral traits. Whether such correlations are caused by underlying individual differences in social attraction usually remains unclear, because to identify effects of individual traits on social attraction, it is essential to experimentally exclude the influence of the social partner. Using standardized high-definition video playback on captive great tits (Parus major), we effectively demonstrate the influence of individual traits on the motivation to be near a conspecific. We show that social attraction varied contrastingly with boldness and stimulus novelty. Shyer birds tended to show stronger social attraction when they were confronted with the stimulus bird for the first time. Lower ranked birds showed the overall strongest social attraction. This rank effect remained after experimentally changing dominance ranks by altering group compositions. Moreover, preference for social association tended to increase with a decrease in dominance rank, suggesting that birds plastically change their social preference in relation to their within-group dominance status. Our results provide insight into how social relations can form and change, processes that are key for understanding the long-term consequences of the social environment, and the role individuals might play in influencing this environment themselves.
Data from: Canine length in wild male baboons: maturation, aging and social dominance rank
Canines represent an essential component of the dentition for any heterodont mammal. In primates, like many other mammals, canines are frequently used as weapons. Hence, tooth size and wear may have significant implications for fighting ability, and consequently for social dominance rank, reproductive success, and fitness. We evaluated sources of variance in canine growth and length in a well-studied wild primate population because of the potential importance of canines for male reproductive success in many primates. Specifically, we measured maxillary canine length in 80 wild male baboons (aged 5.04–20.45 years) from the Amboseli ecosystem in southern Kenya, and examined its relationship with maturation, age, and social dominance rank. In our analysis of maturation, we compared food-enhanced baboons (those that fed part time at a refuse pit associated with a tourist lodge) with wild-feeding males, and found that food-enhanced males achieved long canines earlier than wild-feeding males. Among adult males, canine length decreased with age because of tooth wear. We found some evidence that, after controlling for age, longer canines were associated with higher adult dominance rank (accounting for 9% of the variance in rank), but only among relatively high-ranking males. This result supports the idea that social rank, and thus reproductive success and fitness, may depend in part on fighting ability mediated by canine size.
Data from: Space and rank: infants expect agents in higher position to be socially dominant
<p>Social hierarchies exist throughout the animal kingdom, including among humans. Our daily interactions inevitably reflect social dominance relationships between individuals. How do we mentally represent such concepts? Studies show that social dominance is represented as vertical space (i.e., high=<span class="il">dominant</span>) by adults and preschool children, suggesting a space-dominance representational link in social cognition. However, little is known about its early development. Here, we present experimental evidence that 12- to 16-month-old <span class="il">infants</span> <span class="il">expect</span> <span class="il">agents</span> presented in a <span class="il">higher</span> spatial <span class="il">position</span> to be more <span class="il">socially</span> <span class="il">dominant</span> than <span class="il">agents</span> in a lower spatial <span class="il">position</span>. After <span class="il">infants</span> repeatedly watched the <span class="il">higher</span> and lower <span class="il">agents</span> being presented simultaneously, they looked longer at the screen when the lower agent subsequently outcompeted the <span class="il">higher</span> agent in securing a reward object, suggesting that this outcome violated their <span class="il">higher</span>-is-<span class="il">dominant</span> expectation. We first manipulated <span class="il">agents</span>' positions by presenting them on a podium (Experiment 1). Then we presented the <span class="il">agents</span> on a double-decker stand to make their spatial positions directly above or below each other (Experiment 2), and we replicated the results (Experiment 3). This research demonstrates that <span class="il">infants</span> <span class="il">expect</span> spatially <span class="il">higher</span>-positioned <span class="il">agents</span> to be <span class="il">socially</span> <span class="il">dominant</span>, suggesting deep roots of the space-dominance link in ontogeny.</p>
Data from: Dominance rank and boldness predict social attraction in great tits
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Space and rank: infants expect agents in higher position to be socially dominant
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Canine length in wild male baboons: maturation, aging and social dominance rank
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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