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36 results for “social preferences”
Data from: Let's stick together: infection enhances preferences for social settings in a songbird species
<p>Acute infections can alter foraging and movement behaviours relevant to sociality and pathogen spread. However, few studies have examined how infection with directly-transmitted pathogens influences host social preferences. Juvenile house finches are gregarious and particularly susceptible to infection by the bacterial pathogen <em>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</em> (MG). Changes in sociality during infection are likely to have important consequences for MG transmission throughout majority-juvenile flocks, but it remains unknown how infection influences sociality in house finches. To test this, we inoculated 33 wild-caught juvenile house finches with MG or media (sham control). At peak infection, birds were given a choice assay to assess preference for associating near a flock versus an empty cage. Infected birds were significantly more likely than controls to spend time near the flock while eating, and marginally so while perching. These results indicate augmented social preferences during infection, potentially as a form of behavioural tolerance. Notably, infected birds showed strong social preferences regardless of individual variation in disease severity or pathogen loads, with 14/19 harbouring high loads (log10 5-6) at time of assay. Overall, our results show that infection with a directly-transmitted pathogen can augment social preferences, with potential implications for MG spread in natural populations.</p>
Dataset for paper titled: Conceptual preferences can be transmitted via selective social information use between competing wild bird species
<p><a name="_Hlk66629591"></a><span>Concept learning is considered a high-level adaptive ability. Thus far, it has been studied in laboratory via asocial trial and error learning. Yet, social information use is common among animals but it remains unknown whether concept learning by observing others occurs. We tested whether pied flycatchers (</span><em><span>Ficedula hypoleuca</span></em><span>) form conceptual relationships from the apparent choices of nest-site characteristics (geometric symbol attached to the nest box) of great tits (</span><em><span>Parus major</span></em><span>). Each wild flycatcher female (n = 124) observed one tit pair that exhibited an apparent preference for either a large or a small symbol and was then allowed to choose between two nest boxes with a large and a small symbol, but the symbol shape was different to that on the tit nest. Older flycatcher females were more likely to copy the symbol size preference of tits than yearling flycatcher females when there was a high number of visible eggs or a few partially visible eggs in the tit nest. However, this depended on the phenotype; copying switched to rejection as a function of increasing body size. Possibly the quality of and overlap in resource use with the tits affected flycatchers' decisions. Hence, our results suggest that conceptual preferences can be horizontally transmitted across co-existing animals, which may increase the performance of individuals that utilize concept learning abilities in their decision-making.</span></p>
Social plasticity enhances signal-preference co-divergence
<p>Data associated to the manuscript titled:</p> <p>Social plasticity enhances signal-preference co-divergence</p> <p>by</p> <p>Camille Desjonquères, Bretta Speck, Sara Seidita, Lauren A. Cirino, Ignacio Escalante, Clinton Sergi, Jak Maliszewski, Gerlinde Hoebel, Nathan W. Bailey, Rafael L. Rodríguez</p>
Data from: How to use discrete choice experiments to capture stakeholder preferences in social work research
<p>The primary article (cited below under "Related works") introduces social work researchers to discrete choice experiments (DCEs) for studying stakeholder preferences. The article includes an online supplement with a worked example demonstrating DCE design and analysis with realistic simulated data. The worked example focuses on caregivers' priorities in choosing treatment for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This dataset includes the scripts (and, in some cases, Excel files) that we used to identify appropriate experimental designs, simulate population and sample data, estimate sample size requirements for the multinomial logit (MNL, also known as conditional logit) and random parameter logit (RPL) models, estimate parameters using the MNL and RPL models, and analyze attribute importance, willingness to pay, and predicted uptake. It also includes the associated data files (experimental designs, data generation parameters, simulated population data and parameters, simulated choice data, MNL and RPL results, RPL sample size simulation results, and willingness-to-pay results) and images. The data could easily be analyzed using other software, and the code could easily be adapted to analyze other data. Because this dataset contains only simulated data, we are not aware of any legal or ethical considerations.</p>
Dataset for paper titled: Conceptual preferences can be transmitted via selective social information use between competing wild bird species
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Effects of the maternal social environment on the mating signals and mate preferences of adult offspring in Enchenopa treehoppers
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Data from: Let's stick together: infection enhances preferences for social settings in a songbird species
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Data from: How to use discrete choice experiments to capture stakeholder preferences in social work research
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Juvenile social experience and practice have a switch-like influence on adult mate preferences in an insect
<p>Social causes of variation in animal communication systems have important evolutionary consequences, including speciation. The relevance of these effects depends on how widespread they are among animals. There is evidence for such effects not only in birds and mammals, but also frogs and some insects and spiders. Here we analyse the social ontogeny of adult mate preferences in an insect, Enchenopa treehoppers. In these communal plant-feeding insects, individuals reared in isolation or in groups differ in their mate preferences, and the group-reared phenotype can be rescued by playbacks to isolation-reared individuals. We ask about the relative role of signalling experience and signalling practice during ontogeny on the development of adult mating preferences in Enchenopa females. Taking advantage of variation in the signal experience and signalling practice of isolation-reared individuals, we find switch-like effects for experience and practice on female mate preference phenotypes, with individuals having some experience and practice as juveniles best rescuing the group-reared preference phenotype. We discuss how understanding the nature and distribution of social-ontogenetic causes of variation in mate preferences and other sexual traits will bring new insights into how within- and between-population variation influences the evolution of communication systems.</p>
Social experiences shape song preference learning independent of developmental exposure to song
<p>Communication governs the formation and maintenance of social relationships. The interpretation of communication signals depends not only on the signal's content, but also on a receiver's individual experience. Experiences throughout life may interact to affect behavioral plasticity, such that a lack of developmental sensory exposure could constrain adult learning, while salient adult social experiences could remedy developmental deficits. We investigated how experiences impact the formation and direction of female auditory preferences in the zebra finch. Zebra finches form long-lasting pair bonds and females learn preferences for their mate's vocalizations. We found that after two weeks of cohabitation with a male, females formed pair bonds and learned to prefer their partner's song regardless of whether they were reared with ("normally-reared") or without ("song-naïve") developmental exposure to song. In contrast, females that heard but did not physically interact with a male did not prefer his song. In addition, previous work has found that song-naive females do not show species-typical preferences for courtship song. We found that cohabitation with a male ameliorated this difference in preference. Thus, courtship and pair bonding, but not acoustic-only interactions, strongly influence preference learning regardless of rearing experience, and may dynamically drive auditory plasticity for recognition and preference.</p>
Juvenile social experience and practice have a switch-like influence on adult mate preferences in an insect
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Social experiences shape song preference learning independent of developmental exposure to song
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Divergent neurogenomic responses shape social learning of both personality and mate preference
<p>Behavior plays a fundamental role in shaping the origin and fate of species. Mating decisions can act to promote or restrict gene flow, as can personality traits that influence dispersal and niche use. Mate choice and personality are often both learned and therefore influenced by an individual's social environment throughout development. Likewise, the molecular pathways that shape these behaviors may also be co-expressed. In this study on swordtail fish (<i>Xiphophorus birchmanni</i>), we show that female mating preferences for species-typical pheromone cues are entirely dependent on social experience with adult males. Experience with adults also shapes development along the shy-bold personality axis, with shy behaviors arising from exposure to risk-averse heterospecifics as a potential stress-coping strategy. In maturing females, conspecific exposure results in a strong upregulation of olfaction and vision genes compared to heterospecific exposure, as well as immune response genes previously linked to anxiety, learning and memory. Conversely, heterospecific exposure involves an increased expression of genes important for neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and social decision-making. We identify subsets of genes within the social decision-making network and with known stress-coping roles that may be directly coupled to the olfactory processes females rely on for social communication. Based on these results, we conclude that the social environment affects the neurogenomic trajectory through which socially-sensitive behaviors are learned, resulting in adult phenotypes adapted for specific social groupings.</p>
Data from: Genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences
Patterns of phenotypic variation arise in part from plasticity owing to social interactions, and these patterns contribute, in turn, to the form of selection that shapes the variation we observe in natural populations. This proximate–ultimate dynamic brings genetic variation in social environments to the forefront of evolutionary theory. However, the extent of this variation remains largely unknown. Here, we use a member of the Enchenopa binotata species complex of treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae) to assess how mate preferences are influenced by genetic variation in the social environment. We used full-sibling split-families as 'treatment' social environments, and reared focal females alongside each treatment family, describing the mate preferences of the focal females. With this method, we detected substantial genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences. The mate preferences of focal females varied according to the treatment families along with which they grew up. We discuss the evolutionary implications of the presence of such genetic variation in social influence on mate preferences, including potential contributions to the maintenance of genetic variation, the promotion of divergence, and the adaptive evolution of social effects on fitness-related traits.
Exploring the behaviors and social preferences of a large, multi-generational herd of zoo-housed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum), 2020–2021
<p><span>The zoo-housed southern white rhinoceros (SWR) population is of special concern due to their lack of consistent breeding success. An enhanced understanding of SWR social preferences could better inform management planning by promoting natural social relationships, which can positively affect their well-being. The large, multigeneration herd housed at the North Carolina Zoo provides an ideal opportunity to examine rhino sociality across different ages, kin types, and social groupings. </span><span>Eight female rhinos' social and nonsocial behaviors were recorded from November 2020 through June 2021 across 242 hours. Activity budget analyses revealed strong seasonal and temporal variations in grazing and resting behaviors, with no stereotypic behaviors recorded. Bond strength calculations suggested that each female maintained strong social bonds with one to two partners. Beyond mother-nursing calf bonds, we found that the strongest social ties were maintained between calf-less adults and subadults in these dyads.</span> <span>Considering these findings, we recommend that management plans attempt to house immature females with calf-less adult females, as they may be necessary to the social landscape of immature females and, ultimately, improve their welfare.</span></p>
Data for: Social assessment of miscanthus cultivation in Croatia: Assessing farmers' preferences and willingness to cultivate the crop
<p>Social aspects of miscanthus cultivation have been investigated in a limited way in the scientific literature. Adopting existing frameworks for Social Life-Cycle Assessment enables assessments to include numerous social aspects; however, the relevance of these aspects depends on the local context. This study aims to identify the most relevant social aspects from the farmers' perspective using a previously proposed framework for the assessment of the stakeholder 'farmer'. It is based on a case study of miscanthus production in Sisak Moslavina in Croatia. The existence of abandoned lands in Croatia presents an opportunity for the cultivation of miscanthus as a potential source of biomass for the production of bio-based materials and fuels. The study seeks to assess the feasibility of cultivating miscanthus in the region, taking into account potential challenges and opportunities, as well as the farmers' willingness to adopt the crop, and to understand the reasons behind land abandonment. We conducted a survey among 44 farmers in the region and used a scoring method to identify the most relevant social aspects. The aspects most valued by the farmers were: health and safety, access to water, land consolidation and rights, income and local employment, and food security. Responses to the question of whether they would adopt the crop highlight the importance of an established market, good trading conditions and profitability of cultivation. The survey also enabled an understanding of farmers' preferences with respect to the production conditions of crops. The farmers regarded the provision of subsidies as one of the main factors that render a crop attractive. Opportunities for the adoption of miscanthus cultivation include high yields and low input requirements. Barriers include land conflicts and land availability. Despite the opportunities for miscanthus development in the region, there are important challenges to consider for successful implementation of the crop.</p>
Data from: Homophily around specialized foraging underlies dolphin social preferences
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Data for: Social assessment of miscanthus cultivation in Croatia: Assessing farmers’ preferences and willingness to cultivate the crop
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Exploring the behaviors and social preferences of a large, multi-generational herd of zoo-housed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum), 2020–2021
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Divergent neurogenomic responses shape social learning of both personality and mate preference
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.