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112 results for “soil CO2”
New Hampshire Soil Sensor Network: Soil CO2 Fluxes
The goal of the New Hampshire Soil Sensor Network is to examine spatial and temporal changes in soil properties and processes as the climate changes. Data collected can also calibrate and validate models that examine how ecosystems may respond to changing climate and land use. To determine how soil processes are affected by climate change and land management, this soil sensor network measures snow depth, air temperature, soil temperature, soil volumetric water content, and soil electrical conductivity, as well as soil CO2 fluxes. This data package includes air temperature, soil temperature at 5 cm, and soil volumetric water content at 5 cm, and soil CO2 flux at the time of sampling, as well as gap-filled soil CO2 fluxes using non-linear least squares regression. Data were collected at the following sites: BRT = Bartlett Experimental Forest, Bartlett, NH; BDF = Burley-Demmerit Farm, Lee, NH; DCF = Dowst Cate Forest, Deerfield, NH; HUB = Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, Woodstock, NH; SBM = Saddleback Mountain, Deerfield, NH; THF = Thompson Farm, Durham, NH; and Trout Pond Brook, Strafford, NH.
CO2 NEE and ER + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Alpine grasslands, Gran Paradiso National Park, 2017-2019
<p>The dataset “fluxes_meteoclimate_nivolet_V0” is a .csv file reporting CO<sub>2</sub> Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) measured at Nivolet Plain, Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy, in a high-altitude Alpine grassland environment (about 2700 m.a.s.l.) using the flux chamber method, during the 2017, 2018 and 2019 vegetative seasons (July-September), approximately twice a month. NEE is measured with a transparent flux chamber, while ER with a shaded chamber. Data represent the average values and the corresponding standard deviations obtained from four sites at different altitudes and geological substrate of the soil. Each average value is obtained as a mean over a set of more than 20 point-measures for each site and each sampling date. Flux data are complemented by measurements of soil temperature and volumetric water content, air temperature and moisture, and solar radiance. The four sites are characterized by soils developed over carbonates (carb) (45.500212N-7.152213E), glacial deposits (glac) (45.490167N-7.139916E), gneiss rocks (gnei) (45.490256N-7.149253E) and alluvial deposits (allu) (45.492656 N-7.146092 E).</p> <p>Other relevant shortcuts used in the .csv table: Std = Standard deviation; VWC% = Volumetric Water Content %. Meteorological and climate variables recorded during the measurement of NEE and during the measurement of ER bring the suffix NEE and ER respectively (es. Pressure_NEE (hPa) = atmospheric pressure recorded during the measurement of Net Ecosystem Exchange).</p>
Data for "Soil CO2 efflux errors are lognormally distributed - Implications and guidance."
<p>Soil CO2 flux data at site ES-LMa of four automatic chambers in the control-openLand-subplot for the period from 2015-11-10 to 2016-11-10.</p> <p>These data were used for the publication:</p> <p>Wutzler, et al. (2020) "Soil CO2 efflux errors are lognormally distributed - Implications and guidance." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods, and Data Systems</p> <p>Variables, units and description are found in the ReadmeDataDescription.csv file</p> <p> </p>
Soil percent nitrogen and carbon: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Organic and inorganic data for soil cores from Brazil and Florida Bay seagrasses to support Howard et al 2018, CO2 released by carbonate sediment production in some coastal areas may offset the benefits of seagrass “Blue Carbon” storage, Limnology and Oceanography, DOI: 10.1002/lno.10621
Using piston corers, soils from Florida Bay and Brazilian seagrass meadows were collected to complete organic and inorganic carbon inventories for the top 1 m of soil. Instrumental analyses and loss on ignition at 500C were used to measure C content of downcore slices.
Soil greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 and N2O) data and metadata derived from H2020 Diverfarming project
<p>Soil greenhouse gas emissions (CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O) data and metadata of an almond crop diversified with <em>Thymus hyemalis </em>(diversification 1) and with<em> Capparis spinosa </em>(diversification 2). This data comes from WP5 "Environmental impact and delivery of ecosystem services by crop diversification", derived from H2020 Diverfarming project. This workpackage has been designed to provide sound and robust scientific understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of the tailored diversified cropping systems for improvement of the environmental quality and delivery of ecosystem services in each pedoclimatic region. http://www.diverfarming.eu</p>
Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotopes of CO2 produced from photomineralization of DOC leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2018
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. The radiocarbon (14C) and stable carbon (13C) isotopic compositions of carbon dioxide (CO2) photochemically produced from permafrost DOC were quantified.
Del 13C-CO2 of in situ soil respiration post tracer addition
This dataset contains non-destructive, sequential 13C isotope measurements of soil CO2 flux following injection in situ with isotopically labeled glycine or deionized water (DIW). Data derive from a multiyear experiment covering seven forest ecosytem types located across three major biomes: southern temperate, northern temperate, and boreal forest. This data can be sorted and viewed by stand type, field replicate, treatment (glycine vs. DIW), sampling period (0.75-336 h post treatment), and sampling time (duration of measurement).
Soil moisture: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Short-term effects of biochar on soil CO2 efflux in boreal Scots pine forests
<p>This dataset includes all the data we collected at the first summer after biochar application in boreal forests. Our paper“ the effect of biochar on soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in boreal forests“ now is under review in Annals of Forest Science. Biochar prepared at two reaction temperatures was applied at three rates (including non-amended controls). During the first year after treatment, efflux increased with higher rates of biochar, but the reaction temperature had no effect. o explain char effects on efflux, soil moisture and temperature were also added to the model testing treatment effects. These environmental variables explained more of the variation in efflux and caused treatment to no longer have a significant effect. Based on this result, we concluded that soil temperature explains the effect of char on efflux.</p>
Short-term effects of biochar on soil CO2 efflux in boreal Scots pine forests
<p>This dataset includes all the data we collected at the first summer after biochar application in boreal forests. Our paper“ the effect of biochar on soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in boreal forests“ now is under review in Annals of Forest Science. Biochar prepared at two reaction temperatures was applied at three rates (including non-amended controls). During the first year after treatment, efflux increased with higher rates of biochar, but the reaction temperature had no effect. o explain char effects on efflux, soil moisture and temperature were also added to the model testing treatment effects. These environmental variables explained more of the variation in efflux and caused treatment to no longer have a significant effect. Based on this result, we concluded that soil temperature explains the effect of char on efflux.</p>
Unpublished data: Quantifying CO2 Emissions and Carbon Sequestration from Digestate-Amended Soil Using Natural 13C Abundance as a Tracer
<p>Unprocessed data of CO2 evolution measured daily on cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyser (G2201-i CRDS isotopic CO2/CH4 analyser, Picarro, Santa Clara, CA, USA).</p>
Modelling CO2 emissions of cultivated and rewetted peat soils with SWAP-ANIMO - Dataset
<p><span>Three locations in Europe (wet river valley (Denmark), coastal peatland (The Netherlands) and broad river floodplain (Switzerland)) were selected for which two to three years of measurements of hydrological variables and CO2 exchange fluxes were available for some period between 2015 and 2023. The hydrology, grass growth and CO2 fluxes of these sites were modelled with the SWAP-ANIMO model using the available measurement period for model input and calibration. Model simulations were used to improve the understanding of the hydrological drivers of each site and to obtain estimates of the different pools contributing to the measured CO2 fluxes using a period of 10 years (2014-2023). Rewetting was considered either by calibration on direct measurements of an actual rewetting measure (Denmark, The Netherlands) or extrapolation of the reference simulation (Switzerland). Also, the potential impact of climate change on the rate of peat oxidation was modelled for these sites for both the reference and rewetting measure. </span></p> <p><span>The dataset contains the relevant detailed, daily model output of the 10 year simulation period and aggregated, yearly model output of the scenario simulations which are detailed in the corresponding report (van de Craats et al., 2024), available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14041243">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14041243</a>.</span></p>
CO2 NEE and ER + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Arctic tundra, Ny Ålesund (Svalbard, NO) - summer 2019
<p>The dataset “fluxes_meteoclimate_NyAlesund” is a .csv file reporting CO2 fluxes and basic meteoclimatic variables measured in the Bayelva Basin near Ny Ålesund, in the Brøgger peninsula, Spitsbergen, Norway (78°55’24’’ N, 11°55’15’’E) during the 2019 growing season peak (July-August). Average coordinates of the measuring site are: 78°55’25.7” N,11°53’29.4” E. Fluxes were measured using the flux chamber method: the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) was measured with a transparent flux chamber, while the Ecosystem Respiration (ER) with a shaded chamber. Three types of sampling were performed: at a fixed point during 24h ('point' in column sampling); in points randomly distributed over a site ('site' in column sampling); and in points covered with specific species ('species' in column sampling). Flux data are complemented by measurements of soil temperature (Ts, in Celsius degrees), soil volumetric water content (VWC, in %), atmospheric pressure (Pr, in hPa), air temperature (Ta, in Celsius degrees), air moisture (RH, in %), and solar radiance (rs , in W/m2). The Green Fractional Cover (GFC, between 0 and 1) of the vegetation inscribed within the sampling surface was estimated from digital RGB pictures taken at nadir. Measurements were divided into 4 classes, depending on the prevailing cover type: bare soil (BS), vascular vegetation (V), non-vascular vegetation (NV, including lichens, mosses and bacterial soil crust) and mix of vascular and non-vascular vegetation (MIX). Class V was further split into 5 subclasses: Carex spp. (CX), Dryas octopetala (DR), Salix Polaris (SL), Saxifraga oppostifolia (SX) and Silene acaulis (SI). </p>
Dataset of the soil CO2 collected at Vulcano in 2021
<p>Dataset of the soil gas survey performed at Vulcano in 2021.</p> <p>The CO2 flux was measured in agreement with the "Dynamic Concentration" Method (Gurrieri and Valenza, 1988: Camarda et al., 2006).</p> <p>The δ<sup>13</sup>C-CO<sub>2</sub> values were against V-PDB international standard (<sup>13</sup>C/<sup>12</sup>C = 0.0111802).</p> <p>Figure shows the Island of Vulcano (Aeolian Island, Italy) and its location in the Mediterranean.</p>
Dataset of measurements of the soil CO2 flux and soil brightness temperature at Le Biancane (geothermal field of Larderello-Travale, Tuscany, Italy) in the May-June 2021 period.
<p>Dataset of measurements of the soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux and soil brightness temperature at Le Biancane (geothermal field of Larderello-Travale, Tuscany, Italy) in the period May-June 2021. The dataset is structured as follows:</p> <p>Column A is the progressive number of the point (#);</p> <p>Column B is the Longitude of the point, datum WGS 1984;</p> <p>Column C is the Latitude of the point, datum WGS 1984;</p> <p>Column D is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Longitude coordinate, datum WGS 1984, zone 32N;</p> <p>Column E is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Latitude coordinate, datum WGS 1984, zone 32N;</p> <p>Column F is the soil brightness temperature, in °C;</p> <p>Column G is the soil CO<sub>2</sub> flux in grams of CO<sub>2</sub> per square meter, per day (g m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>)</p>
Soil and understory CO2 respiration, CH4, and N2O fluxes, tree biomass and litter, and soil carbon stock after a long-term N fertilization of a Scots pine forest in Finland
<p>Data of forest soil respiration, soil and undestory respiration, CH4, and N2O fluxes, soil temperature and volumetric water content (Data_Karstula_GHG_temp.swc.csv), continuous soil temperature and moisture data (Data_Karstula_measured_temperature_2021_2023.csv, Data_Karstula_measured_moisture_2021_2023.csv), forest biomass and litter (Data_Karstula_total_biomass_litter.csv, Data_Karstula_measured_litter_2021_2023.csv), and soil C stocks (Data_Karstula_soc.csv) from the boreal Scots pine forest site Karstula after a long-term N fertilization in Finland (62°54'43.343"N; 24°34'16.021"E).</p> <p>The dataset is used for the publication "Tupek et al. : <strong>Lower sensitivity of microbial respiration to soil moisture after long-term N fertilization increases soil carbon retention in a Scots pine forest</strong>. 2024".</p>
Incubation data, CO2 and CH4 flux data and soil properties of thaw slump soils on Kurungnakh, Lena Delta in July 2016 and July 2019
<p>CO2 and CH4 rates from incubations and potential fluxes: This dataset contains rates of CO2 and CH4 production and the potential CO2 and CH4 emission rates calculated from these incubation fluxes</p> <p>in situ CO2 and CH4 chamber fluxes: This dataset contains CO2 and CH4 fluxes measured with closed chambers from different sites on Kurungnakh in July 2016 and July 2019</p> <p>simulated soil temperature and modelled CO2 fluxes: This dataset contains daily mean soil temperature data simulated with JSBACH for 2016 and the annual CO2 fluxes simulated with a Q10 model and the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM)</p> <p>thaw depth, TOC in active layer, soil temperature 2016: This dataset contains the thaw depth, TOC pools in the active layer and the soil temperature during the measurement period in July 2016</p> <p>thaw depth, TOC in active layer, soil temperature 2019: This dataset contains the thaw depth, TOC pools in the active layer and the soil temperature during the measurement period in July 2019</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Meta-analysis shows forest soil CO2 effluxes are dependent on the disturbance regime and biome type
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>F</span><span>orest </span><span>s</span><span>oil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux (F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>)</span><span> is a crucial process in global carbon cycling; however, how F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> responds to disturbance regimes in different forest biomes is poorly understood. </span><span>W</span><span>e quantif</span><span>ied</span><span> the effects of disturbance regimes on F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> </span><span>across boreal, temperate, tropical, and</span><span> Mediterranean</span><span> forests</span><span> based on 1240 observations from 380 studies. Globally, climatic perturbations such as elevated CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, warming, and increased precipitation increase F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> </span><span>by 13 to 25%. F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> is increased by forest conversion to grassland and elevated carbon input by forest management practices but reduced by decreased carbon input, fire, and acid rain. Disturbance also changes soil temperature and water content, which in turn affect the direction and magnitude of disturbance influences on F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span>. F</span><span>CO<sub>2</sub></span><span> is disturbance- and biome-type dependent, and such effects should be incorporated into earth system models to improve the projection of the feedback between the terrestrial C cycle and climate change.</span></p>
Meta-analysis shows forest soil CO2 effluxes are dependent on the disturbance regime and biome type
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