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26 results for “soil carbon storage”
Reduced erosion augments soil carbon storage under cover crops
This dataset comprises field measurements of soil organic carbon erosion and soil organic carbon stock from 152 paired control and cover crop treatments, collected from 57 published studies worldwide. It also provides related information on the collected study sites, including climate (mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation), geography (slope and altitude), soil properties (silt+clay and SOC concentration), and agricultural management (cover crop species, tillage intensity and experimental duration). Furthermore, it includes the estimated effect sizes of soil organic carbon erosion reduction induced by cover crops in agricultural lands at the global scale.
Palmyra Atoll soil and/or wood density sampling locations used in the carbon storage analysis
This dataset provided soil and/or wood density sampling locations and values from Palmyra Atoll (2016 and 2019). Soil samples were extracted to measure organic carbon content associated with different vegetation communities in Palmyra. Wood samples were collected to measure basic wood density values for dominant woody vegetation types found in Palmyra to calculate aboveground carbon values.
Organic and inorganic data for soil cores from Brazil and Florida Bay seagrasses to support Howard et al 2018, CO2 released by carbonate sediment production in some coastal areas may offset the benefits of seagrass “Blue Carbon” storage, Limnology and Oceanography, DOI: 10.1002/lno.10621
Using piston corers, soils from Florida Bay and Brazilian seagrass meadows were collected to complete organic and inorganic carbon inventories for the top 1 m of soil. Instrumental analyses and loss on ignition at 500C were used to measure C content of downcore slices.
Ectomycorrhizal fungal effects on soil carbon storage, root litter decomposition, and fungal necromass decomposition
This project investigates the impacts of ectomycorrhizal-saprotrophic fungal interactions on soil C storage and the decomposition of root litter and fungal necromass. Specifically, we conducted a field experiment wherein the ectomycorrhizal:saprotrophic fungal ratio was reduced via experimental trenching (with control plots left untrenched). From these plots we then measured bulk soil C stocks, particulate organic matter C stocks, mineral associated organic matter C stocks, and the decomposition of root litter and fungal necromass. The Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve (CCESR) experiment name is e309 "The effects of mycelial morphology and mycorrhizal type on fungal necromass decomposition."
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil Temperature, Soil Frost, and Snow Depth Data in support of "Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems", Conrad-Rooney et al. PNAS 2025
Data associated with the publication: Conrad-Rooney E, AB Reinmann, PH Templer. Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025. This dataset includes soil temperature (winter 2021-2022) and snow depth and frost depth (winter 2022-2023) at the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Supporting data for "Granularity of model input data impacts estimates of carbon storage in soils"
<p>The exchange of carbon between the soil and the atmosphere is an important factor in climate change. Soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is sensitive to land management, soil properties, and climatic conditions, and these data serve as key inputs to computer models projecting SOC change. Farmland has been identified as a sink for atmospheric carbon, and we have previously estimated the potential for SOC sequestration in agricultural soils in Vermont, USA using the Rothamsted Carbon Model. However, fine spatial-scale (high granularity) input data are not always available, which can limit the skill of SOC projections. For example, climate projections are often only available at scales of 10s to 100s of km2. To overcome this, we use a climate projection dataset downscaled to <1 km2 (~18,000 cells). We compare SOC from runs forced by high granularity input data to runs forced by aggregated data averaged over the 11,690 km2 study region. We spin up and run the model individually for each cell in the fine-scale runs and for the region in the aggregated runs factorially over three agricultural land uses and four Global Climate Models. </p> <p>In this repository are the downscaled climate input data that drive the RothC model, as well as the model outputs for each GCM.</p>
Data and scripts associated with "Rock weathering controls soil carbon storage potential at a continental scale"
<p>The zipped folder contains the following files:</p> <p>CONUS_mineral_grid.csv [gridded soil mineralogy maps, with coordinates representing cell centers]</p> <p>CONUS_grid.csv [blank grid, used for reproducing the analysis]</p> <p>NCSS_datamerge_071321.R [core script used for running the analyses presented in the associated publication]</p> <p>apply_depthwtavg.R [wrapper function for depth weighted averaging]</p> <p>attach_ENV.R [function to attach climate data]</p> <p>bootstrap_functions.R [functions for spatial bootstrap statistics]</p> <p>depthweightavg.R [function for calculating depth weighted averages]</p> <p>get_MWBM.R [function for compiling climate data into averages]</p> <p>get_SLP.R [function for reading and pre-processing the NASGLP dataset</p> <p>SLP_IDW.R [inverse distance weighting function interpolating the NASGLP data at query points]</p> <p>weather_calcs.R [secondary calculations partitioning Al and Fe; weathering rate estimation]</p>
Data from: Soil carbon response to woody plant encroachment: Importance of spatial heterogeneity and deep soil storage
1. Recent global trends of increasing woody plant abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems may substantially enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and could represent a strong carbon (C) sink in the terrestrial environment. However, few studies have quantitatively addressed the influence of spatial heterogeneity of vegetation and soil properties on SOC storage at the landscape scale. In addition, most studies assessing SOC response to woody encroachment consider only surface soils, and have not explicitly assessed the extent to which deeper portions of the soil profile may be sequestering C. 2. We quantified the direction, magnitude, and pattern of spatial heterogeneity of SOC in the upper 1.2 m of the profile following woody encroachment via spatially-specific intensive soil sampling across a landscape in a subtropical savanna in the Rio Grande Plains, USA, that has undergone woody proliferation during the past century. 3. Increased SOC accumulation following woody encroachment was observed to considerable depth, albeit at reduced magnitudes in deeper portions of the profile. Overall, woody clusters and groves accumulated 12.87 and 18.67 Mg C ha-1 more SOC compared to grasslands to a depth of 1.2 m. 4. Woody encroachment significantly altered the pattern of spatial heterogeneity of SOC to a depth of 5 cm, with marginal effect at 5-15 cm, and no significant impact on soils below 15 cm. Fine root density explained greater variability of SOC in the upper 15 cm, while a combination of fine root density and soil clay content accounted for more of the variation in SOC in soils below 15 cm across this landscape. 5. Synthesis: Substantial SOC sequestration can occur in deeper portions of the soil profile following woody encroachment. Furthermore, vegetation patterns and soil properties influenced the spatial heterogeneity and uncertainty of SOC in this landscape, highlighting the need for spatially specific sampling that can characterize this variability and enable scaling and modeling. Given the geographic extent of woody encroachment on a global scale, this undocumented deep soil C sequestration suggests this vegetation change may play a more significant role in regional and global C sequestration than previously thought.
Data from: Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage
<p>Here we present the data and R script from "<em>Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage</em>" by Henni Ylänne, Rieke L. Madsen, Carles Castaño, Daniel B. Metcalfe and Karina E. Clemmensen (Global Change Biology, 2021). In this study we reported the impacts of grazing regime and mountain birch vicinity on the abundance, diversity and community composition of the soil fungal community, and explored how the soil fungal communities relate to vegetation and, ultimately, to the observed variation in soil carbon stocks. The study was conducted at a treeline ecotone in northern Fennoscandia, where two adjacent 65-year-old grazing regimes with or without summer grazing by reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) could be compared. As these grazing regimes differ in the abundance of mountain birch (<i>Betula pubescens</i> ssp. <i>czerepanovii</i>), the own effects of mountain birch vicinity on the fungal communities were assessed by collecting soil samples directly underneath and > 3 m away from mountain birches.</p> <p>This dataset includes data of soil properties, soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, vegetation community composition (as deterred from plant reads captured by the high-throughput sequencing of ITS2 region), fungal abundance (ITS2 copy numbers), fungal diversity and the taxonomic and functional composition of the soil fungal communities.</p>
Data for "Mineral soils are an important intermediate storage pool of black carbon in boreal forests"
<p>This data is used in the publication "Mineral soils are an important intermediate storage pool of black carbon in boreal forests".</p> <p>The column plot_id uniquely represents each sample plot in the study and matches the columns of the same name in the complementary dataset "<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5078669">Dataset for 'Climatic Variation Drives Loss and Restructuring of Carbon and Nitrogen in Boreal Forest Wildfire'</a>". Odd numbers are burnt plots, while the burnt plot_id plus 1 is its paired control.</p> <p>Columns are labeled with the name of sampled soil layer and entries are their associated BC:W values. BC:W is unitless (formed by dividing grams black carbon by grams sample weight). Empty spots mean there was no material at the plot to collect.</p>
Data from: Climatic water availability mainly drives context-dependency of tree functional diversity effects on soil organic carbon storage in European forests
<p>The interplay of forest stand and environmental factors shape soil organic C (SOC) storage in forest ecosystems but little is known about their relative impacts in different soil layers. Moreover, how environmental factors modulate the impact of stand factors, particularly species mixing, on SOC storage, is largely unexplored. In this study conducted in 21 forest triplets (two-species mixed stand and respective monocultures nearby) distributed in Europe, we tested the hypothesis that stand factors (functional identity and diversity) have stronger effects on topsoil (FF+0-10 cm) C storage than environmental factors (climatic water availability, clay+silt content, oxalate-extractable Al - Al<sub>ox</sub>) but that the opposite occurs in the subsoil (10-40 cm). We also tested the hypothesis that functional diversity improves SOC storage under high climatic water availability, clay+silt contents, Al<sub>ox</sub>. We characterized functional identity as the proportion of broadleaved species (beech and/or oak), and functional diversity as the product of broadleaved and conifer (pine) proportions. The results show that functional identity was the main driver of topsoil C storage while climatic water availability had the largest control on subsoil C storage. Contrary to expectations, functional diversity decreased topsoil C storage under increasing climatic water availability but the opposite was observed in the subsoil. Functional diversity effects on topsoil C increased with increasing clay+silt content, while its effects on subsoil C was negative at increasing Al<sub>ox</sub> content. This suggests that functional diversity effect on SOC storage along environmental gradients depends on the specific environmental factor and the soil depth under consideration.</p>
Data for: How do harvesting methods applied in continuous-cover forestry and rotation forest management impact soil carbon storage and degradability in boreal Scots pine forests?
<p>Forest management affects soil carbon (C) storage through forest composition, microclimate and litter inputs. How two major forest management systems, continuous-cover forestry (CCF) and clear-cut-based rotation forest management (RFM), differ in their impact on soil C in boreal forests is still poorly understood, however. We compared their effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and quality in boreal Scots pine <span>(<em>Pinus sylvestris</em></span> L.) dominated forests in eastern Finland. We tested the hypotheses that (1) colder microclimates and continuous litter inputs will lead to higher SOC stocks in CCF plots than in clear-cuts and (2) the more labile litter in clear-cuts with varying ground vegetation will enhance SOC decomposition rates. We sampled uncut mature forests, clear-cuts, retention-cuts and gap-cuts, in which we analysed SOC concentrations and calculated the stocks. We measured stand characteristics such as diameter-at-breast height, basal area, dominant tree height, and understorey species coverage of the various treatments and modelled the above- and belowground litter inputs based on these parameters. We used laboratory incubation and sequential fractionation of SOC to assess its degradability under standardized conditions. To estimate the decomposition rate in the various environments we incubated cellulose bags in situ. We assessed the impact of microclimate on SOC decomposition, using data from soil-temperature and soil-moisture field measurements. We quantified the microbial biomass C pool, using chloroform fumigation extraction to gain insight on the impact of forest management practice on soil microbes. The SOC concentrations and SOC stocks did not differ significantly between the treatments, despite the presence of a warmer microclimate and lower litter inputs in the clear-cut plots. However, we found differences in the quality of the SOC. Soils in clear-cut sites showed lower proportions of labile SOC compounds than did the other treatments. As hypothesized, the decomposition rates were elevated in clear-cuts, but were equally as high within the canopy gaps on gap-cut stands. Our work highlights that forest management affects the quality, degradability, long-term accumulation and storage of SOC. We conclude that the accumulation of labile compounds in uncut forests and retention-cuts, combined with the decreased decomposition rates, indicate a higher potential for future C accumulation in the soil than in clear-cuts.</p>
Data from: Community composition and physiological plasticity control microbial carbon storage across natural and experimental soil fertility gradients
<p>Data associated with 'Community composition and physiological plasticity control microbial carbon storage across natural and experimental soil fertility gradients' by Butler, Manzoni, and Warren, published in The ISME Journal (accepted 28/9/2023).</p>
Data from: Climatic water availability mainly drives context-dependency of tree functional diversity effects on soil organic carbon storage in European forests
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Land use drives the distribution of free, physically protected, and chemically protected soil organic carbon storage at a global scale
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Data from: Reindeer control over subarctic treeline alters soil fungal communities with potential consequences for soil carbon storage
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Data from: Soil carbon response to woody plant encroachment: Importance of spatial heterogeneity and deep soil storage
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Data for: How do harvesting methods applied in continuous-cover forestry and rotation forest management impact soil carbon storage and degradability in boreal Scots pine forests?
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Lithological controls on soil geochemistry regulate microbial carbon use efficiency and carbon storage
<p><span>The data supporting the findings of the study titled "Lithological controls on soil geochemistry regulate microbial carbon use efficiency and carbon storage". lithology mediates the effects of soil aggregates and minerals on microbial carbon use efficiency and microbial necromass stability. Furthermore, despite high mineral abundance reduced microbial carbon use efficiency, it enhanced microbial necromass stabilization through organo-mineral associations.</span></p>
Effects of habitat types on the dynamic changes of allocation in carbon and nitrogen storage of vegetation-soil system in sandy grasslands
<p>The progressive restoration of degraded vegetation in semiarid and arid desertified areas undoubtedly formed different habitat types. The most plants regulate their growth by fixing carbon with their energy deriving from photosynthesis, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) play the crucial role in regulating plant growth, community structure and function in the vegetation restoration progress. However, it is still unclear how habitat types affect the dynamic changes of allocation in C and N storage of vegetation-soil system in sandy grasslands. Here, we investigated plant community characteristics and soil properties across three successional stages of habitat types: semi-fixed dunes (SFD), fixed dunes (FD) and grasslands (G) in 2011, 2013 and 2015. We also examined the C and N concentrations of vegetation-soil system, and estimated their C and N storage. The C and N storage of vegetation system, soil and vegetation-soil system remarkably increased from SFD to G. The litter C and N storage in SFD, N storage of vegetation system in SFD and N storage of soil and vegetation-soil system in FD increased from 2011 to 2015, while aboveground plant C and N storage of FD were higher in 2011 than in 2013 and 2015. Most of C and N were sequestered in soil in the vegetation restoration progress. These results suggest that the dynamic changes of allocation in C and N storage in vegetation-soil systems varied with habitat types. Our study highlights that SFD has higher N sequestration rate in vegetation, while FD has the considerably N sequestration rate in the soil.</p>
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OpenNeuro
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