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25 results for “soil formation”
Field Evidence of Carbon and Nitrogen Stabilization through Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation in Coastal Wetland Soils from Apalachicola, Florida, collected in June, 2022.
This data set was used to observe the role of Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation (MAOM) on biogeochemical soil properties in three coastal wetlands in Apalachicola, Florida. One wetland was restored using beneficial dredged sediment, increasing the soil's inorganic matter content. Soil samples were collected in June 2022 from this wetland and two nearby reference wetlands: one with high organic matter and the other with higher inorganic matter content. The samples were analyzed at the University of Central Florida for biogeochemical properties to determine which properties were most related to MAOM pools.
Supporting data for review article: The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral-Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait-Based Perspective
<p>Supporting data and code for review article: Sokol N.W., Whalen E.D., Kallenbach C., Pett-Ridge J., Georgiou K. The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral-Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait-Based Perspective. <em>Functional Ecology, </em>2022.</p> <p>We leveraged data from a global synthesis of soil fractionation measurements (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5987415). For this review article, we specifically focused on measurements of bulk and mineral-associated soil organic carbon concentrations (reported in units of gC/kg soil) and the proportion of bulk soil organic carbon that is mineral-associated (reported as a %). This subset also includes auxiliary data regarding climate and biome characteristics extracted from the synthesized papers; for more variables, see the original full dataset. Köppen-Geiger climate zones were extracted from a georeferenced global database (using R package 'kgc' v1.0.0.2) with site coordinates, where available. Three files are provided in this repository: (1) data file, (2) metadata file, and (3) code for manuscript figures and summary statistics.</p>
Fungal traits associated with soil organic matter formation, Harvard Forest, Petersham MA, 2020-2023
Soil microbes are a major source of organic residues that accumulate as soil organic matter (SOM), the largest terrestrial reservoir of carbon on Earth. As such, there is growing interest in determining the microbial traits that drive SOM formation and stabilization; however, whether certain microbial traits consistently predict SOM accumulation across different functional pools (e.g., total vs. stable SOM) is unresolved. To address these uncertainties, we incubated individual species of fungi in SOM-free model soils, allowing us to directly relate the physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits of fungi to their SOM formation potentials. We find that the formation of different SOM functional pools is associated with distinct fungal traits, and that ‘multifunctional’ species with intermediate investment across this key grouping of traits (namely, carbon use efficiency, growth rate, turnover rate, and biomass protein and phenol contents) promote SOM formation, functional complexity, and stability. Our results highlight the limitations of categorical trait-based frameworks that describe binary (high/low) trade-offs between microbial traits, instead emphasizing the importance of synergies among microbial traits for the formation of functionally complex SOM.
Strong plastic responses in aerenchyma formation in F1 hybrids of Imperata cylindrica under different soil moisture conditions
<p>There is insufficient evidence demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity in specific traits mediates hybrid performance.<strong> </strong>Two ecotypes of <em>Imperata cylindrica</em> produce F1 hybrids. The early flowering type (E-type) in wet habitats has larger internal gas spaces (aerenchyma) than the common type (C-type) in dry habitats. This study evaluated the relationships between the habitat utilisation, aerenchyma plasticity, and growth of <em>I. cylindrica</em> accessions. We hypothesize that plasticity in expressing parental traits explains hybrid establishment in habitats with various soil moisture conditions.</p> <p>Aerenchyma formation was examined in the leaf midribs, rhizomes, and roots of two parental ecotypes and their F1 hybrids in their natural habitats. In common garden experiments, we examined plastic aerenchyma formation in the leaf midribs, rhizomes and roots of natural and artificial F1 hybrids and parental ecotypes. Their vegetative growth performance was also quantified.</p> <p>In the natural habitats where soil moisture content varied widely, the F1 hybrids showed larger variation of aerenchyma formation in the rhizomes than their parental ecotypes. In the common garden experiments, the F1 hybrids showed high plasticity of aerenchyma formation in the rhizomes, and their growth was similar to that of C-type and E-type under drained and flooded conditions, respectively.</p> <p>The results demonstrate that the F1 hybrids of <em>I. cylindrica</em> exhibit plasticity in aerenchyma development in response to varying local soil moisture content. This characteristic allows the hybrids to thrive in diverse soil moisture conditions.</p>
Influence of small-scale spatial variability of soil properties on yield formation of winter wheat
<p>This is a data set of soil properties and plant properties of winter wheat.</p> <p>The data derived from a long-term field trial for the year 2016 at the Asendorf field station 70 km north of Hanover, Germany (49 m above sea level, 52°45′48.4′′N 9°01′24.3′′E) and a field site in Triesdorf, located in Northern Bavaria (450 m a.s.l., 49°12'36.5"N 10°38'33.9"E).</p> <p>Data includes soil (OC, bulk density, texture, pH-value) and plant data (grain yield, thousand grain weight, tillers per m², spikes per m²). All methods and data will be described in an upcoming journal article in the Journal Plant and Soil (DOI:10.1007/s111104-023-06212-2).</p>
Strong plastic responses in aerenchyma formation in F1 hybrids of Imperata cylindrica under different soil moisture conditions
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Formation and Stability of Salty Soil Seals in Mars-like Conditions. Implications for Methane Variability on Mars.
<p>This is a raw data (Excel Tables) for Figures 4,5,7 in our manuscript: "Formation and Stability of Salty Soil Seals in Mars-like Conditions. Implications for Methane Variability on Mars".</p><p> </p>
Soil organic carbon formation efficiency from straw/stover and manure input and its drivers: Estimates from long-term data in global croplands
<p><span>The supporting data for raw data, geographic location of the experimental sites, grid-level maps showing the predicted NCE (%) of global cropland</span></p>
Soil organic carbon formation efficiency from straw/stover and manure input and its drivers: Estimates from long-term data in global croplands
<p>In-situ observations collected from publications, grid-level maps showing the predicted NCE (%) of global cropland and data-driven model codes</p>
Soil organic carbon formation efficiency from straw/stover and manure input and its drivers: Estimates from long-term data in global croplands
<p>In-situ observations collected from publications, grid-level maps showing the predicted NCE (%) of global cropland and data-driven model codes</p>
Soil organic carbon formation efficiency from straw/stover and manure input and its drivers: Estimates from long-term data in global croplands
<p>Field observation data collected from publications, the references from the main text and data sources , grid-level maps showing prediction of global cultivated land NCE(%) and data-driven model codes </p>
Fig. 2 in Formation and exudation of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins by roots of the apple rootstock M26 grown in apple replant disease soil
Fig. 2. Biphenyl and dibenzofuran formation and exudation in roots of the apple rootstock M26. Values are means of five biological replicates ± s.d.; different letters indicate significant difference between variants as assessed by Tukey test (P <0.01; n = 5). A, total phytoalexins in medium (M), roots (R) and shoots (S) of yeast extracttreated and control plantlets cultured in vitro; B, total phytoalexins inside roots (ARD vs γARD) and outside roots of ARD soilgrown plants in a dipping experiment; total exuded is the sum of the amounts of rhizoplane, rhizosphere soil and bulk soils; C, total phytoalexins inside roots (ARD vs γARD) and outside roots (surrounding water phase) of ARD soil-grown plants in a soilhydroponic hybrid experiment; total exuded is the sum of the amounts of two collection intervals indicated.
Fig. 1 in Formation and exudation of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins by roots of the apple rootstock M26 grown in apple replant disease soil
Fig. 1. GC-MS chromatogram for detection and quantification of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins in roots of the apple rootstock M26. IS, internal standard for relative quantification of biphenyls and dibenzofurans. Numbers above the chemical structures refer to the compound numbers in Table 1. Compounds whose peaks are labeled by stars of the same color have identical molecular masses (labeled below the structures). Their deduced general structures are labeled by stars of the corresponding colors.
Fig. 3 in Formation and exudation of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins by roots of the apple rootstock M26 grown in apple replant disease soil
Fig. 3. Heatmaps of total phytoalexins and phytoalexin exudation rates determined in three types of experiments. Red to green represents low to high values. #, not detected; blank, value lower than threshold (10 μg g 1 dry wt).
Fig. 4 in Formation and exudation of biphenyl and dibenzofuran phytoalexins by roots of the apple rootstock M26 grown in apple replant disease soil
Fig. 4. Established pathway of aucuparin biosynthesis and proposed pathway of dibenzofuran biosynthesis. Enzymes previously characterized are indicated in blue and enzymes not yet detected are marked in red. Solid and broken arrows represent experimentally proved and proposed reactions, respectively. BIS, biphenyl synthase; B4H, biphenyl-4-hydroxylase; OMT, O-methyltransferase; CYP_H, cytochrome P450 hydroxylase; CYP_C, cytochrome p450 cyclase.
Data from: A novel mechanism for grazing lawn formation: large herbivore-induced modification of the plant-soil water balance
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Synergy between early soil formation and organic matter build-up: a study case in a 20-year Technosol chronosequence
<p>Supporting dataset for paper.</p> <p> </p>
Soil images in DICOM format including Python programs for data transformation, 3D analysis, CNN traininig, CNN analysis
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BOREAS TE-01 Soils Data over the SSA Tower Sites in Raster Format
This data set was gridded from vector layers of soil maps that were received from Dr. Darwin Anderson TE-01 who did the original soil mapping in the field during 1994. The vector layers were gridded into raster files that cover approximately 1 square kilometer over each of the tower sites in the SSA.
BOREAS Regional Soils Data in Raster Format and AEAC Projection
This data set was gridded by BORIS staff from a vector data set received from Canadian Soil Information System (CanSIS). The original data came in two parts that covered Saskatchewan and Manitoba. The data were gridded and merged into one data set of 84 files covering the BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) region. The data were gridded into the Albers Equal-Area Conic (AEAC) projection. Because the mapping of the two provinces was done separately in the original vector data, there may be discontinuities in some of the soil layers because of different interpretations of certain soil properties.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.