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5 results for “soil microbial ecology”
Reconciling plant and microbial ecological strategies to elucidate cover crop effects on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling
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Data from: Changes in soil microbial communities in post mine ecological restoration: implications for monitoring using high throughput DNA sequencing
<p>The ecological restoration of ecosystem services and biodiversity is a key intervention used to reverse the impacts of anthropogenic activities such as mining. Assessment of the performance of restoration against completion criteria relies on biodiversity monitoring. However, monitoring usually overlooks soil microbial communities (SMC), despite increased awareness of their pivotal role in many ecological functions. Recent advances in cost, scalability and technology has led to DNA sequencing being considered as a cost-effective biological monitoring tool, particularly for otherwise difficult to survey groups such as microbes. However, such approaches for monitoring complex restoration sites such as post-mined landscapes have not yet been tested. Here we examine bacterial and fungal communities across chronosequences of mine site restoration at three locations in Western Australia to determine if there are consistent changes in SMC diversity, community composition and functional capacity. Although we detected directional changes in community composition indicative of microbial recovery, these were inconsistent between locations and microbial taxa (bacteria or fungi). Assessing functional diversity provided greater understanding of changes in site conditions and microbial recovery than could be determined through assessment of community composition alone. These results demonstrate that <span>high-throughput amplicon sequencing of environmental DNA (eDNA)</span> is an effective approach for monitoring the complex changes in SMC following restoration. Future monitoring of mine site restoration using eDNA should consider archiving samples to provide improved understanding of changes in communities over time. Expansion to include other biological groups (e.g. soil fauna) and substrates would also provide a more holistic understanding of biodiversity recovery. </p>
Data from: Changes in soil microbial communities in post mine ecological restoration: implications for monitoring using high throughput DNA sequencing
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Soil microbial legacy drives crop diversity advantage: linking ecological plant-soil feedback with agricultural intercropping
<ol> <li>Although the importance of the soil microbiome in mediating plant community structures and functions has been increasingly emphasized in ecological studies, the biological processes driving crop diversity overyielding remain unexplained in agriculture. Based on the plant-soil feedback (PSF) theory and method, we quantified how much soil microbes contributed to intercropping overyielding and detected which microbial groups mediated this effect.</li> <li>Soils were collected as inocula and sequenced from a unique 10-year field experiment, consisting of monoculture, intercropping and rotation planted with wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>), maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) or faba bean (<i>Vicia faba</i>). A PSF study was conducted to test microbial effects on three crops' growth in monoculture or intercropping.</li> <li>In wheat & faba bean (W&F) and maize & faba bean (M&F) systems, soil microbes drove intercropping overyielding compared to monoculture, with 28-51% of the overyielding contributed by microbial legacies. The overyielding effects resulted from negative PSFs in both systems, as crops, in particular faba bean grew better in soils conditioned by other crops than itself. Moreover, faba bean grew better in soils from intercropping or rotation than from the average of monocultures, indicating a strong positive legacy effect of multispecies cropping systems. However, with positive PSF and negative legacy benefit effect of intercropping/rotation, we did not observe significant overyielding in the W&M system.</li> <li>With more bacterial and fungal dissimilarities by metabarcoding in heterospecific than its own soil, the better it improved faba bean growth. More detailed analysis showed faba bean monoculture soil accumulated more putative pathogens with higher <i>Fusarium</i> relative abundance and more <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> gene copies by qPCR, while in heterspecific soils, there was less pathogenetic effects when cereals were engaged. Further analysis in maize/faba bean intercropping also showed an increase of rhizobia relative abundance.</li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Our results demonstrate a soil microbiome-mediated advantage in intercropping through suppression of the negative PSF of pathogens and increasing beneficial microbes. As microbial mediation of overyielding is context-dependent, we conclude that the dynamics of both beneficial and pathogenic microbes should be considered in designing cropping systems for sustainable agriculture, particularly including combinations of legumes and cereals.</li> </ol>
Soil microbial legacy drives crop diversity advantage: linking ecological plant-soil feedback with agricultural intercropping
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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