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473 results for “soil temperature”
Decomposition, porewater, plant and animal collection, and soil temperature data in Airport Marsh, Sapelo Island, 7/2019-7/2020
Environmental gradients can affect organic matter decay within and across wetlands and contribute to spatial heterogeneity in soil carbon stocks. We tested the sensitivity of decay rates to tidal flooding and soil depth in a minerogenic salt marsh using the tea bag index (TBI). Tea bags were buried at 10- and 50- cm along transects sited at lower, middle, and higher elevations that paralleled a headward eroding tidal creek. Plant and animal communities and soil properties were characterized once while replicate tea bags and porewaters were collected 3 and 4 times respectively over one year.
Soil moisture and soil temperature from Benchmark Stations at the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, 1987 to present
A three-level hydro-climatological network for data monitoring was established in 1994. The networks at each level are nested to form a coordinated program of data acquisition and measurement. A future vision of linking the benchmark meteorological stations with regional weather stations to expand the future scope of studies was also considered in designing this network. The first-level in this top-down approach consists of Benchmark Meteorological Stations (BMS) and Benchmark Stream Stations. The BMS are designed to represent the environment across the Andrews. These stations are intended to provide complete, long-term, high temporal resolution, meso-scale hydroclimatological data. The location of the BMS network is based on factors such as elevation, aspect, vegetation gradients, and accessibility. Collected meteorological parameters are generally standardized across the BMS as well as methods and instrumentation. Secondary Meteorological Stations also follow standardized methods and serve similar purposes but are somewhat limited in meteorological parameters collected. The Primary Meteorological Station (PRIMET), Central Meteorological Station (CENMET), Upper Lookout Meteorological Station (UPLMET), and Vanilla Leaf Meteorological Station (VANMET) are the four Benchmark Stations, Climatic Station at Watershed 2 (CS2MET) and the Hi-15 Meteorological Station (H15MET) are Secondary Stations. These soil parameters were previously part of database code MS001, but were separated out into their own database in 2024.
Air and soil temperature data from the Reference Stand network at the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1971 to present
The current network of temperature measurement sites are designed to represent spatial variability of air and soil temperature in rugged mountain topography, and serve as second-level stations to capture specific microclimate temperatures in conjunction with a network of Benchmark Meteorological Stations (MS001). The air and soil thermograph network has been reduced from the historical network of 37 sites originally established. Currently there are 10 measurement sites with two of these sites measuring relative humidity in addition to air and soil temperature. An original network of 19 sites (RS01-RS19) were established during the International Biome Program in the early 1970's. Emphasis on phenology, plant moisture stress, and leaf nutrient content led to extending this network of air and soil temperature measurement. A plant community classification system (Dyrness et al., 1971) was used as a primary means of stratification, and a set of permanent vegetation plots (Reference Stands) was installed to represent forest communities with distinct vegetation and hypothesized different environments (Dyrness et al., 1974). A thermograph network was installed within the reference stands in the early 1970's (Zobel et al., 1974), and vegetation standing crop, tree growth and mortality, and plant succession were also measured. The majority of these sites were established to monitor micro-meteorological data under the canopy. The purpose of this network was to provide air and soil temperature data for modeling photosynthesis, respiration, phenology, and decomposition, and to measure environmental gradients.
Soil temperature at GCE core monitoring sites in the winter of 2019-2020
We deployed one hobo logger in each vegetation zone at each of the ten primary GCE monitoring sites, for a total of 20 loggers. The loggers were deployed at plot number 1 in each zone, to the “outside” (away from plot number 2), parallel in elevation with the middle of plot 1, buried 10 cm deep, lying horizontal, and tied with a string to the upper left hand (looking from the ocean towards the land) corner stake of the plot. Hobos were deployed during fall monitoring in October 2019, and set to start logging on October 15, 1 am, at 15 minute intervals, with the loggers set on Central Time (times were converted to UTC in post-processing). They were retrieved in April 2020 and files were trimmed to end on a standard date. Exact deployment and retrieval dates are on the attached adobe acrobat file.
Air and Soil Temperature in Hemlock Removal Experiment at Harvard Forest since 2004
The impending loss of hemlock trees due to hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) infestation is expected to lead to changes in the temperature regime of the forest understory. These changes will both drive succession and will themselves be altered by successional processes. Air temperature (1 m above forest floor) and soil temperature (at 10 cm depth) are measured at 1-minute intervals (hourly averages, minimum, and maximum are stored) using thermistors connected to Campbell 21-X dataloggers. Temperature measurements began 60-120 days prior to applications of the logging and girdling treatments, and will continue for the duration of the study.
Temperature Sensitivity of Microbial Activity in Three Forest Soils at Harvard Forest 2010-2011
We evaluated possible seasonal variation in the temperature sensitivity of microbially mediated soil fluxes related to decomposition (net N mineralization, net nitrification, proteolysis, the maximum velocity (Vmax) of proteolysis, microbial respiration, and the Vmax of four soil exo-enzymes) across forests dominated by eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), white ash (Fraxinus americana), and red oak (Quercus rubra) in Harvard Forest. We asked two simple questions: (1) do temperature sensitivities vary across forest types or different steps of the decomposition process, and (2) do temperature sensitivities display plasticity on a seasonal time frame?We observed substantial variation in temperature sensitivities (Q10 and R10 values) across the different fluxes and forest types. The ash soils exhibited the strongest temperature sensitivities and the mineral-N fluxes exhibited higher temperature sensitivities relative to the proteolytic fluxes or microbial respiration. The Vmax of soil exo-enzymes varied considerably in an interactive manner across forests and time, and the response of some enzymes was consistent with the thermal plasticity. The enzymatic kinetic properties Vmax and Km (half-saturation constant) were strongly correlated with slopes that differed across enzymes, reflecting an enzyme-specific tradeoff between maximum catalytic rate and substrate-binding efficiency. Generally, Q10 values were largely constant, but R10 values varied in a manner consistent with distinct seasonal plasticity. There was a consistent seasonal shift in R10 values coincident with snowmelt, suggesting that the time following snowmelt is a particularly interesting and dynamic period of microbial activity in these temperate forests.
Soil Temperature and Water Content in Macrosystems Biodiversity Project at Harvard Forest 2011-2012
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. Readings of soil temperature and soil moisture were taken with HOBO sensors from November 2011 to November 2012. These sensors were installed at five experimental tree growth plots installed by the Enquist Lab (PI, Brian Enquist) from the University of Arizona as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
WSC - Soil moisture, temperature, and water potential at Wibu field site
Soil moisture, temperature, and water potential measurements for 3 locations within Wibu field site: (1) WIBU-6, which is characterized by deep (greater than6 m) groundwater and coarse soil; (2) WIBU-7, which is characterized by intermediate (2-4 m) groundwater and intermediate soil; (3) WIBU-8, which is characterized by shallow (0-3 m) groundwater and fine soil. For more information about the soil and groundwater levels, see other datasets from this field site. The Wibu field site is a commercial agricultural field, which grew corn in the 2012, 2013, and 2014 growing seasons. See Zipper and Loheide (2014) Ag. For. Met. for more information about the field site.
Soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity data from the black sand extended growing season length experiment, 2018 - 2024, hourly.
As a result of climate change, the Rocky Mountain Front Range is experiencing warmer summers and earlier snowmelt. Due to the importance of snow for regulating soil temperature, growing season length, and available moisture in alpine ecosystems, even small shifts in the snow-free period could have large impacts. The focus of the Growing Season Length Experiment is to examine how terrain-related differences in climate exposure influence the way alpine habitats respond to climate change via earlier snowmelt. To simulate how changes in growing season length may affect biotic and abiotic components, NWT LTER researchers established 5 experimental sites each containing a pair 10 x 40m rectangular plots. These blocks include north and south facing aspects, subalpine and alpine tundra meadows in a range of hydrological conditions (e.g. dry meadows, moist meadows, wet meadows). We accelerated snowmelt in one plot of each block by adding chemically inert black sand, while keeping the second plot as an unmanipulated control (black sand was added to these plots after snow had naturally melted). This dataset includes measurements of soil temperature, moisture, and electrical conductivity.
Saddle soil temperature and moisture, 2024 - ongoing.
In rugged mountain terrain, microclimate variation may provide refugia that buffer the effects of climate change. We expect that complex terrain causes microsite variation in surface and subsurface temperature and soil moisture across hillslopes, thus mediating the extent to which organisms are exposed to warming conditions. Further, we expect that hillslope position will determine the microclimate that regulates ecological and biogeochemical responses.
Turf Transplant temperature, soil moisture and turf depths, 2024 - ongoing.
The Turf Transplant Experiment was set up in the summer of 2024. Paired experimental sites were established in two tundra community types - dry meadow and moist meadow - with one site of each community type pair in a lower elevation/warmer area and one site in a higher elevation/cooler area. Subplot turfs (25 cm^2) were transplanted (1) between sites of the same community type at different elevations/temperatures, (2) between plots within the same site or (3) left in place as non-transplant controls. This data package contains dates and depths of turfs as installation as well as plot-level moisture and temperature.
Summary of soil temperature, moisture, and thaw depth for 14 chamber flux measurements sampled near Arctic LTER shrub sites at Toolik Field Station, Alaska, summer 2012.
Soil temperature at 5cm and 10cm depth, volumetric water content (VWC) and depth of thaw for 14 shrub canopy flux plots measured in vicinity of the Arctic LTER shrub site, Toolik Field Station, AK in 2012.
Air temperature and humidity, and soil temperature data from the Arctic LTER Moist Non-acidic Tussock Experimental plots (MNT97), Toolik Lake Field Station, Alaska, 1999-2025.
In 1999, a Campbell CR10x data logger was installed in block 2 of the Arctic LTER Toolik Moist Non-acidic Tussock Experimental plots(MNT97). The plots are located on a hillside near Toolik Lake (68 38' N, 149 36'W). Air temperature and relative humidity were measured at 3 meters (control), and inside the greenhouse, and fertilized greenhouse. Soil temperatures were measured with thermocouples placed in control, fertilized, greenhouse, and fertilized-greenhouse plots.
Soil Respiration, Temperature and Moisture at Harvard Forest EMS Tower 1995-2014
We have been making long-term soil respiration measurements at our transect sites since the summer of 1995. The rainfall exclusion experiment began in May of 2001 and autochamber measurements began in 2003. A root exclusion experiment (trenching) was conducted from 2012-2014.
Aggregated 30-minute soil water and temperature data from 9 NPP shrub sites at Jornada Basin LTER, 2013 - 2024 (for Pinos et al 2025 manuscript)
This is an aggregated dataset of 30-minute soil temperature and moisture data from 9 shrub-dominated NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Collection of soil volumetric water content data at all of the 15 Jornada LTER NPP sites, New Mexico, supports the environmental monitoring objectives of the Jornada LTER monitoring program that look at plant-soil water dynamics. Volumetric water content and soil temperature are measured every 30 minutes at an automated meteorological station installed at all 15 of the Jornada LTER program’s NPP sites. This dataset aggregates only the stations located at the 9 sites with shrub-dominated vegetation cover (creosotebush, tarbush, and mesquite dune sites). Measurements are made every 30 minutes at 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm soil depths. This dataset is in support of the Pinos et al. 2025 manuscript.
Near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations on the San Joaquin Experimental Range, California, 2011-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies at the San Joaquin Experimental Range (Lat 37.083, Long -119.716, elevation 210-520 m, www.fs.fed.us/psw/ef/san_joaquin/). Temperature sensors were located at 23 sites across the landscape. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges, and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within a site, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens. An additional 18 sensors were placed along three transects over the landscape running E-W. They were placed strategically to sample topographic inflection points (hill tops and valley bottoms) as well as north and south facing slopes. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor, using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
Near-surface, soil, and air temperature data acquired across multiple locations in the Teakettle Experimental Forest, California, 2011-2017
These temperature records were collected as part of a larger study relating microclimates to tree seedling survival in southern California mountains. These temperature records are for studies at the Teakettle Experimental Forest (Lat 36.967, Long -119.017, elevation 2000-2800 m, www.fs.fed.us/psw/ef/teakettle/). Temperature sensors were located at 44 sites across the landscape. Sites were selected to sample topographic variation in surface and air temperatures within a narrow range of elevations on northeast to southwest-facing slopes, ridges and valleys. To characterize surface temperature variation within select sites, 21 sensors were arranged in an identical pattern around and in six, 5x5 m experimental gardens (see garden schematic for details). An additional 33 sites were located across the site by way of a stratified sampling scheme which targeted low, medium, and high elevation areas, low, medium, and high radiation areas, and cold air pooling areas. In June 2012, in order to concentrate sensors in a smaller study area (ease of access and to make this more similar to other sites, 22 sites were "retired," and 7 new sites were installed, for a total of 18 during the remainder of the study. Temperatures were recorded on a 10 or 20-minute interval, depending on the sensor. using HOBO (Onset, www.onsetcomp.com) devices.
Marcell Experimental Forest weekly soil temperature, 1989 - ongoing
This data publication contains soil temperature measured at eight depths weekly (1989 - ongoing) at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Balsam Township, Itasca County, Minnesota. The data came from five peatland / upland forest watersheds instrumented for long-term hydrological and biogeochemical research. The Marcell Experimental Forest in Itasca County, Minnesota is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, and was formally established in 1962 to study the ecology and hydrology of peatlands.
Marcell Experimental Forest 10-minute soil temperature and moisture, 2008 - ongoing
This data set is a record of soil temperature and volumetric water content (soil moisture) on two upland mineral soil hillslopes at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Itasca County, Minnesota. These data are collected as part of the long-term monitoring program at the S2 catchment, which has 6.5 ha of upland mineral soil that surrounds a central 3.2 ha peatland. Soil temperature and moisture are recorded every 10 minutes since 2008 at S2S, a north-facing hillslope that is south of the S2 bog. Measurements at S2N, a south-facing hillslope that is north of the S2 bog, began during 2009. Measurements were recorded at two depths at each of three different relative positions (downslope, mid-slope, and upslope) on the two hillslopes. The MEF is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Summer soil temperature and moisture at the Anaktuvuk River Severely burned site from 2010 to 2013
Soil moisture and temperature were recorded at the Anaktuvuk River burn area during the summers from 2010 to 2013. Six sensors were deployed and measured temperature on half-hourly intervals over the summer and into the fall depending on battery function. Sensors were place in a hexagonal shape around a central data logger. Note that over time sensor depths changed due to frost heave and other environmental factors. All data contained should be treated as suspect where sensors may have been at surface. These sensors were removed August 20, 2013, no replacement sensors were installed.
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