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8 results for “soil water potential”
WSC - Soil moisture, temperature, and water potential at Wibu field site
Soil moisture, temperature, and water potential measurements for 3 locations within Wibu field site: (1) WIBU-6, which is characterized by deep (greater than6 m) groundwater and coarse soil; (2) WIBU-7, which is characterized by intermediate (2-4 m) groundwater and intermediate soil; (3) WIBU-8, which is characterized by shallow (0-3 m) groundwater and fine soil. For more information about the soil and groundwater levels, see other datasets from this field site. The Wibu field site is a commercial agricultural field, which grew corn in the 2012, 2013, and 2014 growing seasons. See Zipper and Loheide (2014) Ag. For. Met. for more information about the field site.
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Droughtnet soil moisture, temperature and soil water potential
The forest drought experiment prototype at Hubbard Brook was constructed in 2015, as part of the International Drought Experiment (IDE) coordinated by the DroughtNet Research Coordination Network. The throughfall exclusion experiment was designed to simulate a 1-in-100-year drought during an average precipitation year by diverting ~50% of forest throughfall from each treatment plot starting in May 2015 (Asbjornsen et al., 2018). Throughfall was intercepted by reinforced polyethylene troughs and diverted passively to the downslope side of each plot. Each throughfall exclusion plot was 15 x 15 meters in area. TFE plots were designated with the labels 7 and 8 to avoid any confusion with the nearby CCASE plots (which are labeled 1-6). Plots were not trenched to isolate them from the surrounding soil. In May 2019 throughfall removal was increased to approximately 95% (i.e. full coverage but with stemflow not fully excluded). Throughfall exclusion treatments ended in February 2020. Recovery and return to baseline conditions were monitored during 2020 (when a natural drought occurred) and 2021 (a more normal year). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Effects of drying temperature on potential carbon mineralization and water-extractable organic carbon in Iowa cropland and riparian buffer soils
Measuring carbon dioxide (CO2) produced after re-wetting a previously dried soil is an increasingly popular soil health assay, but there is disagreement on the optimal soil drying temperature. We tested whether soil drying temperature impacts water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) and soil CO2 emissions (potential carbon mineralization) following rewetting of dried soil. Samples were collected at four sites in north-central Iowa, US, and each site had soils planted to corn/soybean or perennial vegetation. The dataset includes measurements of WEOC prior to the incubation experiment, and measurements of CO2 flux and its stable carbon isotope ratio over the course of a 28-day incubation. The manuscript describing these data is under review in Geoderma.
Data from: Growth responses to soil water potential indirectly shape local species distributions of tropical forest seedlings
1. Local tree species distributions in tropical forests correlate strongly with soil water availability. However, it is unclear how species distributions are shaped by demographic responses to soil water availability. Specifically, it remains unknown how growth affects species distributions along water availability gradients relative to mortality. 2. We quantified spatial variation in dry season soil water potential (SWP) in the moist tropical forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, and used a hierarchical Bayesian approach to evaluate relationships between demographic responses of naturally regenerating seedlings to SWP (relative growth rates and first-year mortality) and species distributions along the SWP gradient for 62 species. We also tested whether species that were more abundant at the wet or dry end of the gradient performed better (1) at their 'home end' of the gradient ('best at home' hypothesis) and (2) 'at home' compared to co-occurring species ('home advantage' hypothesis). 3. Four and five species responded significantly to SWP in terms of growth or mortality, respectively. Growth (but not mortality) responses were positively related to species distributions along the SWP gradient; species with a more positive (negative) growth response to SWP were more abundant at higher (lower) SWP, i.e. at wetter (drier) sites. In addition, wet distributed species grew faster on the wet end of the SWP gradient than on the dry end ('best at home') and grew faster on the wet end than dry distributed species ('home advantage'). Mortality rates declined with seedling size for all species. Thus, seedling growth responses to SWP indirectly shaped local species distributions by influencing seedling size and thereby mortality risk. 4. Synthesis. By demonstrating how growth responses to spatial variation in soil water availability affect species distributions, we identified a demographic process underlying niche differentiation on hydrological gradients in tropical forests. Recognizing the role of these growth responses in shaping species distributions should improve understanding of tropical forest composition and diversity along rainfall gradients and with climate change.
Soil Moisture and Leaf Water Potential Data in Pinus uncinata at Aïguestortes National Park (Spain), Summer 2021
<p>This dataset contains soil moisture and leaf water potential measurements collected during the summer of 2021 at Aïguestortes National Park, located in the Pyrenees of Catalonia, Spain. The study focused on <em>Pinus uncinata</em> across six different experimental plots within the park. Leaf water potential was measured once a month, both at midday and predawn. Soil moisture was automatically measured every 30 minutes. The dataset is provided in Excel format and includes detailed information on the plant water status and soil conditions in a high mountain ecosystem during the summer season.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Aïguestortes National Park, soil moisture, leaf water potential, <em>Pinus uncinata</em>, predawn, midday, summer 2021, eco-physiology, mountain ecosystems, Pyrenees.</p>
Data from: Growth responses to soil water potential indirectly shape local species distributions of tropical forest seedlings
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Data from: Canopy spectral reflectance as a predictor of soil water potential in rice
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Non-invasive monitoring of a reactive soil transition zone during water table fluctuations using spectral induced polarization (SIP) and electrodic potential (EP)
<p>Transition zones separating the unsaturated and saturated domains in soils are a hotspot for biogeochemical activity. They are challenging to study because they are dynamic, requiring high resolution temporal and spatial data acquisition methods to capture the biogeochemical processes across the water table. Non-invasive geophysical techniques, such as spectral induced polarization (SIP) and electrodic potential (EP), offer comparatively inexpensive monitoring approaches that yield data on changes in soil electrical properties, driven by reactive processes at high spatial and temporal resolutions. We investigated SIP and EP signal variations in artificial soil-filled columns, experiencing periodic water table fluctuations in order to: (1) assess the effectiveness of SIP and EP in monitoring a complex soil transition zone, and (2) couple the measured geophysical signals to changes in physical, chemical and microbial properties. SIP responses showed a clear dependence on the depth-distribution of microbial biomass. Dynamic imaginary conductivity (<em>σ''</em>) responses were only detected in the water table fluctuation zone and, in contrast to real conductivity (<em>σ'</em>) data, did not exhibit a direct soil moisture driven dependence. We attribute the observed dynamics in <em>σ'' </em>to microbially driven reactions. An EP anomaly arose concurrent to the production of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2- </sup>as a result of oxygenation at depth during drainage of the columns. Our findings show that continuous SIP and EP signals, in conjunction with periodic measurements of geochemical indicators, can help determine the location and temporal variability of biogeochemical activity and be used to monitor targeted reaction zones and pathways in complex soil environments.</p>
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