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131 results for “solitary bee”
Relaxation of purifying selection suggests low effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera and solitary pollinating bees
<p>Data and results of the paper "Relaxation of purifying selection suggests low effective population size in eusocial Hymenoptera and solitary pollinating bees".</p> <p>- data_table_species.csv: contains life-history and geographical range descriptors, terminal branch length and genomic estimated values for each substitution category, for each species in the dataset. Contains results obtained with both the complete data set and the subsampled dataset with 88 species.</p> <p>- data_table_genes.csv: contains values of substitution count that are sums of the values obtained for every species in the alignment. Also contains the results of HyPhy RELAX analyses for each alignment.</p> <p>- data_table_genes_species.csv: contains estimated values for each substitution category for each species in each alignment. Contains results obtained with both the complete data set and the subsampled dataset with 88 species.</p> <p> </p>
Bee Tracker – an open-source machine-learning based video analysis software for the assessment of nesting and foraging performance of cavity-nesting solitary bees
<p>The foraging and nesting performance of bees can provide important information on bee health and is of interest for risk and impact assessment of environmental stressors. While radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology is an efficient tool increasingly used for the collection of behavioral data in social bee species such as honey bees, behavioral studies on solitary bees still largely depend on direct observations, which is very time-consuming.</p> <p>Here, we present a novel automated methodological approach of individually and simultaneously tracking and analyzing foraging and nesting behavior of numerous cavity-nesting solitary bees. The approach consists of monitoring nesting units by video recording and automated analysis of videos by a machine learning based software. This <i>Bee Tracker</i> software consists of four trained deep learning networks to detect bees that enter or leave their nest and to recognize individual IDs on the bees' thorax as well as the IDs of their nests according to their positions in the nesting unit.</p> <p>The software is able to identify each nest of each individual nesting bee, which permits to measure individual-based measures of reproductive success. Moreover, the software quantifies the number of cavities a female enters until it finds its nest as a proxy of nest recognition, and it provides information on the number and duration of foraging trips. By training the software on 8 videos recording 24 nesting females per video, the software achieved a precision of 96% correct measurements of these parameters.</p> <p>The software could be adapted to various experimental setups by training it to an according set of videos. The presented method allows to efficiently collect large amounts of data on cavity-nesting solitary bee species and represents a promising new tool for the monitoring and assessment of behavior and reproductive success under laboratory, semi-field and field conditions.</p>
Fig. 4 in The potential management of a ground-nesting, solitary bee: Anthophora abrupta (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Fig. 4. Bee activity as indicated by the average number of Anthophora abrupta returning to the nesting site per minute at the mother and daughter nesting aggregations in 2012, 2013, and 2014. The error bars indicate standard error.
Fig. 2. The 1 in The potential management of a ground-nesting, solitary bee: Anthophora abrupta (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Fig. 2. The 1st daughter nesting aggregation of Anthophora abrupta established 10.3 km from the original nest site in Gainesville, Florida. It was created as a split from the mother nesting aggregation in Mar 2012. Photo: Jason R. Graham.
Fig. 3. A 2 in The potential management of a ground-nesting, solitary bee: Anthophora abrupta (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Fig. 3. A 2nd daughter nesting aggregation of Anthophora abrupta established 35.7 km from the original nest site in Gainesville, Florida. It was created as a split from the mother nesting aggregation in Mar 2014. Photo: Amanda M. Ellis.
Draft genome of a solitary bee, Osmia bicornis
<p>GFF3 formatted feature description file for the <em>Osmia </em><em>bicornis</em> genome (Genbank WGS accession number: MPJT00000000). </p>
Fig. 2 in Seasonal population abundance of the assembly of solitary wasps and bees (Hymenoptera) according to land-use in Maranhão state, Brazil
Fig. 2. Abundance of solitary bees according to land-use (a), month (b) and interactions between land-use and month (c). Repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc Fisher LSD tests (P <0.05). Means ± SE are given.
Fig. 1 in Seasonal population abundance of the assembly of solitary wasps and bees (Hymenoptera) according to land-use in Maranhão state, Brazil
Fig. 1. Abundance of solitary wasps according to land-use (a), month (b) and interaction between land-use and month (c). Repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc Fisher LSD tests (P <0.05). Means ± SE are given.
Figure 2 in Pre-hibernation mating by a solitary bee, Ceratina flavipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae)
Figure 2. (A) Seasonal fluctuations in the numbers of adult females and males per nest; (B) the insemination rate of females and coefficients of inbreeding.
Figure 1 in Pre-hibernation mating by a solitary bee, Ceratina flavipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopinae)
Figure 1. Percentage of pre-hibernation insemination of females at 17 localities in Japan. Values are 100% unless otherwise indicated. Cool-temperate zone: 1, Sapporo; 2, Yakumo; 3, Toi; 4, Esashi; 5, Matsumae. Temperate zone: 6, Tsugaru; 7, Shimokita; 8, Oga; 9, Miyako; 10, Morioka; 11, Sakata; 12, Matsushima; 13, Niigata; 14, Naraha; 15, Kaga; 16, Matsue; 17, Mt Sanbe.
Figs. 22–25 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 22–25. Diagrams of postdefecating larva of Parammobatodes minutus. 22. Entire larva, lateral view. 23. Close-up of terminal abdominal segments, lateral view. 24, 25. Head, frontal and lateral views, respectively. PTP 5 posterior tentorial pit. Scale (5 1.0 mm) refers to fig. 22.
Figs. 18–21 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 18–21. Oocytes of Parammobatodes minutus. 18. Entire oocyte, anterior end toward right, lateral view, with chorion too badly damaged to demonstrate transverse dorsal folds. 19. Close-up of operculum, showing flange draped over and clinging to rest of oocytes; flange almost certainly outstretched and continuous with surface of operculum after deposition in host cell, as in Pasites maculatus (see Rozen, 1986: figs. 5, 6), presumably an adaptation to obscure seam in cell wall so that returning host female will not detect parasite egg. 20. Close-up of another oocytes, end view, showing texture of surface and micropyle on left. 21. Close-up of micropyle.
Figs. 16, 17 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 16, 17. Diagrams of pupa of Camptopoeum friesei, lateral views, drawn from different specimens to different scales. 16. Anterior part of body. 17. Posterior part of metasoma, with short terminal spine. Scales (5 1.0 mm) refer to closest figures.
Fig. 1 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Fig. 1. Macrophotograph of male (above) and female (below) postdefecating larvae of Camptopoeum friesei, lateral views; scale (5 1.0 mm) refers to both figures.
Figs. 14, 15 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 14, 15. Macrophotographs of spiracles from cleared specimens, lateral views. 14. Camptopoeum friesei. 15. Parammobatodes minutus.
Figs. 8–13 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 8–13. SEM micrographs of last larval instar of Camptopoeum friesei. 8. Head of cleared specimen, approximate frontal view. 9. Close-up of left mandible, showing teeth along upper apical edge and cuspal teeth farther back. 10. Mouthparts of same specimen as above but tilted back to show details. 11. Close-up of right maxilla, showing numerous sensilla on and around palpus and torn flap of dried secretion exposing verrucose integument (arrow) beneath. 12. Close-up of U-shaped salivary opening, showing sculpturing of area bounded by it. 13. Close-up of right labial palpus (arrow) with single cone-shaped sensillum.
Figs. 2–7 in Immatures of the Solitary Bee Camptopoeum friesei (Andrenidae: Panurginae: Panurgini) and of its Cleptoparasite Parammobatodes minutus (Apidae: Nomadinae: Ammobatini)
Figs. 2–7. SEM micrographs of last larval instar of Camptopoeum friesei. 2. Head and prothorax of predefecating larva, near lateral view. 3. Close-up of integument identified by rectangle in fig. 2, showing spiculation. 4. Antennal papilla of same, showing lack of projection and three cone-shaped sensilla. 5. Spiracle of same, showing saucerlike peritreme and projecting rim. 6. Clypeus and mouthparts of postdefecating larva after sonication, demonstrating thick coating of secretion only partly removed by sonication. 7. Apex of abdomen of postdefecating larva, lateral view, showing wrinkling of integument, left spiracle of abdominal segment 8, and anus on segment 10.
Figure 14 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees
Figure 14 Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale. TEM. Spermatozoa deposited in spermatheca. (A) Two spermatozoa, each with highly folded lamella (La), chromatin (Ch) and mitochondrial derivatives (md). (B) Spermatozoa similar to (A) in higher magnification. Note location of chromatin (Ch) within deep infolding of dense lamella (La). Variable structure of mitochondrial derivatives (md) is also evident. (C) schematic representation of sperm cell from female spermatheca. Scale bars: A,B – 2 μm, C – 5 μm. Other abbreviations: Ch – threads of chromatin; La – electron-dense lamella; md – mitochondrial derivatives.
Figure 13 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees
Figure 13 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. TEM. (A) Late spermatid showing chromatin threads (Ch), dense lamella (La) and elaborate spongy body (SB). Small vesicles of mitochondrial derivatives (md) are present around the spongy body and along the dense lamella; however, larger and more electron-dense mitochondrial derivatives are also present (arrows). Anastomosing tubules of the spongy body are encircled
Figure 12 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees
Figure 12 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. TEM. Two consecutive steps in spermiogenesis showing spermatid just after lamella (La) formation
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.