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canopy herbivory and leaf traits of tree communities in tropical montane rainforests of southern Ecuador
This dataset contains herbivory data estimated as leaf area loss [cm²] and [%] and several leaf traits measured either conventionally or via spectral sensing-based techniques from canopies of tree communities in tropical montane rainforests of the Andes in southern Ecuador between February and March in 2019. The data were used by Schön et al. (in prep) to evaluate whether leaf traits are valuable indicators of canopy herbivory mainly caused by arthropods and further, whether chemical leaf traits estimated via spectral sensing-based techniques have similar strong relations to herbivory as leaf traits measured conventionally. Herbivory was estimated with the software WinFOLIA ™ 2019a from scanned mature and sun-exposed leaves of tree canopies. Spectral sensing-based leaf traits comprising secondary plant metabolites and both structural and nutritional cell components were estimated from leaves with an OceanOptics spectrometer HDX. Conventionally measured leaf traits comprising morphological and nutritional traits were derived by applying both elemental and morphometrical analyses (e.g., ICP analysis, a digital micrometer and penetrometer). For detailed descriptions of the methodology see Schön et al. (in prep), Homeier et al. (2021), and Limberger et al. (2021). Research was conducted by the subprojects A1, B1, and B4 within the framework of the RESPECT project (Environmental changes in biodiversity hotspot ecosystems of South Ecuador: RESPonse and feedback effECTs) funded by the DFG with the grant numbers: BE1780/51-1, BE1780/51-2, Ho3296/6-1, FA 925/11-1, FA 925/11-2, FA 925/16-1, BR1293/17-1.
Figure 3 in A new species of iguanid lizard (Hoplocercinae, Enyalioides) from southern Ecuador with a key to eastern Ecuadorian Enyalioides
Figure 3. Two species of Enyalioides. Juvenile (A, B, QCAZ 8454), females (C, D, QCAZ 8457; E, F, QCAZ 8458), and male (G, QCAZ 8460) of E. rubrigularis sp. n.; male of E. praestabilis (H, KU 169854). Photographs by O. Torres-Carvajal (A-G) and W. E. Duellman (H).
Figure 2 in A new species of iguanid lizard (Hoplocercinae, Enyalioides) from southern Ecuador with a key to eastern Ecuadorian Enyalioides
Figure 2. Ventral view of thigh in two species of Enyalioides. Top: E. praestabilis (QCAZ 8821, adult male, SVL = 110 mm); bottom: E. rubrigularis sp. n. (QCAZ 8459, adult male, SVL = 122 mm). Photographs by O. Torres-Carvajal.
Fig. 6 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 6. Leptanilloides prometea Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. Paratype worker (specimen code 4052301). A. Head, ventral view. B. Mesotibial pectinate spur. C. Anterior part of the head in full-face view, showing vertical and fused frontal carinae, exposed antennal socket, well-developed lateroclypeal tooth, strongly convex clypeal lamella and subtriangular mandible with minute denticles along its inner margin. D. Lower part of propodeum in lateral view, showing the flange over the metapleural gland opening. E. Petiole in lateral view. F. Simple claw (hindleg).
Fig. 9 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 9. Wings of Leptanilloides 'Male 4' (specimen code 4870101) and terminology used in the description. A. Forewing. B. Hindwing. Abbreviations: 2r-rs = second radial-radial sector crossvein, A = anal vein, C = costal vein, Cu = cubital vein, cu-a = cubital-anal crossvein, M = medial vein, M·f1 = first free abscissa of medial vein, M+Cu = fused medial-cubital veins, Pst = pterostigma, Rs+M = fused medial and radial sector veins, Rs = radial sector, Rs·f1 (to Rs·f5) = first (to fifth) free abscissa of radial sector vein, Sc+R = fused subcostal and radial veins, Sc+R1: fused subcostal and first radial veins.
Fig. 1 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 1. Relationship between HL and WL among workers in species of Leptanilloides and Asphinctanilloides. Specimens measured are holotypes or paratypes. Measurements are in mm. WL is called Mesosoma Length (ML) in Borowiec & Longino (2011) and Silva et al. (2013). Triangles: the two Leptanilloides described in this paper (L. copalinga Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. and L. prometea Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov.); diamonds: Leptanilloides biconstricta species-group (La: L. atlantica, Lb: L. biconstricta, Lc: L. caracola, Le: L. erinys, Lf: L. femoralis, Lg: L. gracilis, Li: L. improvisa, Ls: L. sculpturata); dots: Leptanilloides legionaria species-group (Ll: L. legionaria, Lm: L. mckennae, Lno: L. nomada, Lnu: L. nubecula); stars: Asphinctanilloides species (Aa: A. amazon Brandão et al., 1999, Aan: A. anae Brandão et al., 1999, Am: A. manauara Brandão et al., 1999).
Fig. 8 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 8. Leptanilloides 'Male 4'(specimencode 4870101) from southern Ecuador. A. Head in full face view. B. Habitus in dorsal view. C. Habitus in lateral view.
Fig. 5 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 5. Habitus in lateral view of paratype (specimen code 4060601) of Leptanilloides prometea Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. Note the rounded anterior projection of the subpetiolar process, which differs from the acute shape observed in the specimen on Figs 4C and 6E.
Fig. 3 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 3. Leptanilloides copalinga Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. Paratype worker (specimen code 4006301). A. Anterior part of the head in full-face view, showing vertical and fused frontal carinae, exposed antennal socket, lateroclypeal tooth, strongly convex clypeal lamella and subtriangular mandible with minute denticles along its inner margin. B. Lower part of propodeum in lateral view, showing the long and sharp flange over the metapleural gland opening. C. Petiole in lateral view. D. Propodeum and petiole in dorsal view. E. Abdominal segment III (postpetiole) in lateral view. F. Mesotibial spur, short and pectinate.
Fig. 4 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 4. Leptanilloides prometea Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. – A–C. Paratype worker (specimen code 4052301). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Head in full-face view. C. Habitus, lateral view. – D. Apex of hindtibia; reservoir of metatibial gland is visible under translucent cuticle at the base of the tibial spur (paratype, specimen code 4052313).
Fig. 2 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 2. Leptanilloides copalinga Delsinne & Donoso sp. nov. A–C. Paratype worker (specimen code 4006302). D–F. Holotype worker (specimen code 4006304). A, D. Habitus, dorsal view. B, E. Head in full-face view. C, F. Habitus, lateral view.
Fig. 7 in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 7. Leptanilloides prometea Delsinne & Denoso sp. nov. Scanning electron micrographs of the metatibial apex of paratype worker (specimen code 4052301), showing the meta- tibial gland pore plate (arrow) at different magnifications.
Fig. 12. Neighbour-joining tree showing p in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 12. Neighbour-joining tree showing p-distances among DNA sequences of the wingless nuclear marker obtained for specimens of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823, Amyrmex Kusnezov, 1953 and Cylindromyrmex Mayr, 1870 (as outgroup), available in GenBank and sequenced here (specimen code 4052311). Labels provide species identifications and field IDs (in bold) or GenBank or BOLD numbers. Values at nodes correspond to the bootstrap values (%) and posterior probabilities obtained in the Neighbourjoining/parsimony/maximum likelihood/Bayesian inference analyses. Bootstrap values <80% and posterior probabilities <0.95 are not indicated.
Fig. 11. Neighbour-joining tree showing p in Two new species of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 (Formicidae: Dorylinae) from the Andes of southern Ecuador
Fig. 11. Neighbour-joining tree showing p-distances among DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI barcode fragment obtained for all specimens of Leptanilloides Mann, 1823 sequenced here and available in GenBank and BOLD. The tree was rooted with a COI sequence of Cylindromyrmex striatus Mayr, 1870 (GenBank accession number AY233723). Labels provide species identifications and field IDs (in bold) or GenBank or BOLD numbers. Values at nodes indicate bootstrap support only if it was above 80%.
FIGURE 25 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 25. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the cranium and mandible of Thomasomys shallqukucha (MUSM 46874, paratype); an adult male from Geomarca, Kañaris district, Ferreñafe province, Lambayeque department, Peru. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 23 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 23. Habitat views of Thomasomys cinereus (A, P.N. Cutervo, Cajamarca) and T . shallqukucha (B, Kañaris, Lambayeque, Peru). Both photos by Víctor Pacheco.
FIGURE 22 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 22. Stomach morphology in four species of Thomasomys: A, T . cinereus (MUSM 38497); B, T . lojapiuranus (MUSM 23761); C, T . shallqukucha (MUSM 46871); D, T . pagaibambensis (MUSM 40965). Abbreviations: a, antrum; bf, bordering fold; c, corpus; ce, cornified epithelium; d, duodenum; e, esophagum, ge, glandular epithelium; ia, incisura angularis.
FIGURE 20 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 20. Ventral, lateral, and dorsal views of glans penis of four species of Thomasomys: A, T . cinereus (MUSM 38493); B, T . lojapiuranus (MUSM 23761); C, T . shallqukucha (MUSM 46887); D, T . pagaibambensis (MUSM 40965). Abbreviations: cr, crater; dg, dorsal groove; lm, lateral bacular mound; ln, lateral notch; mm, medial bacular mound; sp, spines; vg, ventral groove. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 26 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 26. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the cranium and mandible of Thomasomys pagaibambensis (MUSM 39527), an adult female from Alto Pagaibamba, Querocoto district, Chota province, Cajamarca department, Peru. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 19 in Systematic Revision Of Thomasomys Cinereus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) From Northern Peru And Southern Ecuador, With Descriptions Of Three New Species
FIGURE 19. Upper and lower molars of Thomasomys species treated in this report: A, E, T . cinereus (MUSM 46716); B, F, T . lojapiuranus (MUSM 23758); C, G, T . shallqukucha (MUSM 46874); D, H, T . pagaibambensis (MUSM 39527). Abbreviations: af, anteromedian flexus; hy, hypoflexus; amf, anteromedian flexid.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.