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38 results for “spatial segregation”
Fig. 5 in Spatial Segregation of Diploid and Polyploids Spined Loaches (Сobitis elongatoides-taenia-tanaitica) in the River Systems of Western and Central Ukraine
Fig. 5. Changes in the frequency of polyploids in samples of spined loaches from the Teteriv River, depending on the distance from the mouth. The approximation is performed with a polynomial function.
Fig. 4 in Spatial Segregation of Diploid and Polyploids Spined Loaches (Сobitis elongatoides-taenia-tanaitica) in the River Systems of Western and Central Ukraine
Fig. 4. Frequencies of polyploids and its standard errors in different parts of the first and second-order tributaries of the Dnipro River system: Lower — lower third of the channel, Middle — middle part of the channel, Upper — upper third of the channel. The approximation is performed with a polynomial function.
Fig. 3 in Spatial Segregation of Diploid and Polyploids Spined Loaches (Сobitis elongatoides-taenia-tanaitica) in the River Systems of Western and Central Ukraine
Fig. 3. Frequency of polyploids in spined loach settlements and its standard errors of rivers with different channel lengths, as well as in accessory systems of the rivers (ASR) of the Western and Central Ukraine. The approximation is performed with a polynomial function.
Fig. 2 in Spatial Segregation of Diploid and Polyploids Spined Loaches (Сobitis elongatoides-taenia-tanaitica) in the River Systems of Western and Central Ukraine
Fig. 2. Frequencies of polyploids in spined loach settlements and its standard errors depending on the type of water system of the Western and Central Ukraine. M — main channel, Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr-3 — first, second, and the third-order tributaries, L — lakes. The approximation is performed with a polynomial function.
Fig. 1 in Spatial Segregation of Diploid and Polyploids Spined Loaches (Сobitis elongatoides-taenia-tanaitica) in the River Systems of Western and Central Ukraine
Fig. 1. Distribution of polyploid frequencies in spined loach settlements of the water systems of the Western and Central Ukraine. The approximation is performed with a polynomial function.
Figure 2 in Spatial segregation between the native Tropical mockingbird and the invader Chalk-browed mockingbird (Passeriformes: Mimidae) along a Neotropical natural-urban gradient
Figure 2. Abundance (Punctual Abundance Index) of Tropical mockingbird (Mimus gilvus, closed circle and continuous line) and Chalk-browed mockingbird (M. saturninus, open circle and dashed line) regarding urbanization index (Normalized Difference Built-up Index) in a coastal region of southeastern Brazil. Urbanization increases toward a higher urbanization index.
Figure 1 in Spatial segregation between the native Tropical mockingbird and the invader Chalk-browed mockingbird (Passeriformes: Mimidae) along a Neotropical natural-urban gradient
Figure 1. Sampling design (transects) in the municipalities of Vila Velha and Guarapari, state of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil.
Fig. 2 in The importance of considering small-scale variability in macrobenthic distribution: spatial segregation between two fiddler crab species (genus Leptuca) (Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
Fig. 2. NMDS ordination (stress = 0.16) of sites based on similarity of group composition. Leptuca leptodactyla (Rathbun in Rankin, 1898): JLM (juvenile males), JLF (juvenile females), ALM (adult males) and ALF (adult females). Leptuca uruguayensis (Nobili, 1901): JUM (juvenile males), JUF (juvenile females), AUM (adult males) and AUF (adult females).
Fig. 1 in The importance of considering small-scale variability in macrobenthic distribution: spatial segregation between two fiddler crab species (genus Leptuca) (Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the sampling design, with subarea separation and the six random replicates. (Area=10 m²).
Drivers of interspecific spatial segregation in two closely related seabird species at a pan-Atlantic scale
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Dynamically induced spatial segregation in multispecies bacterial bioconvection
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Fine-scale spatial segregation in a pelagic seabird driven by differential use of tidewater glacier fronts
<div class="WordSection1"> <p><span><span>In colonially breeding marine predators, individual movements and colonial segregation are influenced by seascape characteristics. Tidewater glacier fronts are important features of the Arctic seascape and are often described as foraging hotspots. Albeit their documented importance for wildlife, little is known about their structuring effect on arctic predator movements and space use. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tidewater glacier fronts can influence marine bird foraging patterns and drive spatial segregation among adjacent colonies. We analysed movements of black-legged kittiwakes (<i>Rissa tridactyla</i>) in a glacial fjord by tracking breeding individuals from five colonies. Although breeding kittiwakes were observed to travel up to <i>ca</i>. 280 km from the colony, individuals were more likely to use glacier fronts located closer to their colony and rarely used glacier fronts located farther away than 18 km. Such variation in the use of glacier fronts created fine-scale spatial segregation among the four closest (<i>ca</i>. 7 km distance on average) kittiwake colonies. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that spatially predictable foraging patches like glacier fronts can have strong structuring effects on predator movements and can modulate the magnitude of intercolonial spatial segregation in central-place foragers.</span></span></p> </div> <p> </p>
Spatial structure and benefits to hosts allow plasmids with and without post-segregational killing (PSK) systems to coexist
<p>To persist a plasmid relies on being passed on to a daughter cell, but this does not always occur. Plasmids with post-segregational killing (PSK) systems kill a daughter cell if it has not been passed on. By killing the host, it also kills competing plasmids in the same host, something competing plasmids without a similar system cannot do. Accordingly, plasmids with PSK systems can displace other plasmids. In nature, plasmids with and without PSK systems coexist and prior theory has suggested this is expected to be very rare or unstable, such that one or the other type of plasmid eventually takes over. Here, we show that if there is spatial structure and plasmids confer benefits to hosts, coexistence of plasmids occurs broadly. Often plasmids confer benefits (even ones with a PSK system) and bacteria are often spatially structured. So, our results may be generally applicable.</p>
Fine-scale spatial segregation in a pelagic seabird driven by differential use of tidewater glacier fronts
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Across the edge: Spatial segregation drives community structure in tri-trophic multilayer networks at a forest-grassland edge
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Spatial structure and benefits to hosts allow plasmids with and without post-segregational killing (PSK) systems to coexist
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Data from: Spatial segregation and habitat partitioning of bobcat and Canada lynx
<p>Harvest records suggest that the abundance of bobcats (<i>Lynx rufus</i>) has increased and the leading edge of their distribution has spread northward, while the trailing edge of the Canada lynx (<i>Lynx canadensis</i>) range has contracted in Ontario, Canada. There has been a debate about whether these closely related felids might compete in areas of sympatry, but there is little research on sympatric populations of bobcat and lynx. Both species are found on the north shore of Lake Huron in Ontario, Canada, which provided an opportunity to investigate their spatial patterns and habitat use. We surveyed snowmobile routes for snow tracks over 3 winters and estimated probability of occupancy for the two felid species while accounting for detectability. Bobcat and lynx tracks were never found on the same survey route. Bobcat occupancy increased with habitat heterogeneity whereas lynx occupancy increased with homogeneity. Our results fit with the common assumption of the generalist and specialist natures of bobcat and lynx, respectively. Our findings suggest that bobcats invaded former lynx territory after these areas became vacant. The story of the bobcat and the lynx is one of the loss of a unique, boreal specialist due to anthropogenic change, and eventual replacement by an adaptable generalist.</p>
Data from: Ecological segregation in a small mammal hybrid zone: habitat-specific mating opportunities and selection against hybrids restrict gene flow on a fine spatial scale
The degree to which closely related species interbreed is determined by a complex interaction of ecological, behavioral, and genetic factors. We examine the degree of interbreeding between two woodrat species, Neotoma bryanti and N. lepida, at a sharp ecological transition. We identify the ecological association of each genotypic class, assess the opportunity for mating between these groups, and test whether they have similar patterns of year-to-year persistence on our study site. We find that 13% of individuals have a hybrid signature but that the two parental populations and backcrosses are highly segregated by habitat type and use. Also, we find that adult hybrids are comparable to parental types in terms of year-to-year persistence on our site but that, among juveniles, significantly fewer hybrids reach adulthood on site compared to their purebred counterparts. Our analyses show that this hybrid zone is maintained by occasional nonassortative mating coupled with hybrid fertility, but that these factors are balanced by lower apparent survival of juvenile hybrids and habitat-based preference or selection that limits heterospecific mating while promoting backcrossing to habitat-specific genotypes. This system presents a novel example of the role that sharp resource gradients play in reproductive isolation and the potential for genetic introgression.
CHASM: a configurational measure of socio-spatial residential segregation
<p>Datasets for the manuscript "CHASM: a configurational measure of socio-spatial residential segregation", published in Enviroment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083241287701</p>
Data from: Measuring site fidelity and spatial segregation within animal societies
1.Animals often display a marked tendency to return to previously-visited locations that contain important resources, such as water, food, or developing brood that must be provisioned. A considerable body of work has demonstrated that this tendency is strongly expressed in ants, which exhibit fidelity to particular sites both inside and outside the nest. However, thus far many studies of this phenomena have taken the approach of reducing an animal's trajectory to a summary statistic, such as the area it covers. 2.Using both simulations of biased random walks, and empirical trajectories from individual rock ants, Temnothorax albipennis, we demonstrate that this reductive approach suffers from an unacceptably high rate of false negatives. 3.To overcome this, we describe a site-centric approach which, in combination with a spatially-explicit null model, allows the identification of the important sites towards which individuals exhibit statistically significant biases. 4.Using the ant trajectories we illustrate how the site-centric approach can be combined with social network analysis tools to detect groups of individuals whose members display similar space-use patterns. 5.We also address the mechanistic origin of individual site fidelity; by examining the sequence of visits to each site, we detect a statistical signature associated with a self-attracting walk - a non-Markovian movement model that has been suggested as a possible mechanism for generating individual site fidelity.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.