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15 results for “species asynchrony”
Data from: Why are plant communities stable? Disentangling the role of dominance, asynchrony and averaging effect following realistic species loss scenario
<p>A growing number of studies have demonstrated that biodiversity is a strong and positive predictor of ecosystem temporal stability by simultaneously affecting multiple underlying mechanisms of stability <em>i.e.</em> dominance, asynchrony, and averaging effects. However, to date, no study has disentangled the relative role of these key mechanisms of stability in biodiversity experiments. We created a species richness gradient by mimicking a loss of rare species and assessed the role of species richness on community stability and, more importantly, quantified the relative role of three stabilizing mechanisms <em>i.e.</em> dominance (stabilization due to stable dominants compared to the rest of the species in the community), asynchrony (stabilization due to temporal asynchrony between species), and averaging effects (pure effect of diversity) on community stability across a species richness gradient. We found that extreme species loss negatively impacted community stability, but just three species were enough to stabilize biomass production to a level similar to highly diverse communities. However, the similar stability of communities resulted from differing contributions from each stability mechanism, depending on the community diversity. Since less abundant species were more temporally variable, species loss stabilized the populations of the remaining species. The loss of rare and subordinate species reduced the dominance and averaging effects, but increased the asynchrony effect. Hence, the asynchrony effect played a major role in the stability of species poor communities, while the averaging effect drove most of the stability of species rich communities. Overall, dominance played only a minor role, accounting for 5-15% of the stabilization, while asynchrony and averaging effects were dominating forces contributing to ~ 85-95% of the total stabilization.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em>. This study highlights the importance of biodiversity and roles of dominant and rare species for long-term community stability and, for the first time, disentangles relative roles of dominance effect, asynchrony, and averaging effect on community stability in a real-world biodiversity experiment.</p>
Warming enhances the negative impact of shrubs on community stability via reducing species asynchrony
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Data from: Why are plant communities stable? Disentangling the role of dominance, asynchrony and averaging effect following realistic species loss scenario
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What drives temporal stability of biomass production? Testing the roles of species diversity, dominance, asynchrony and spatial scale in annual plant communities
<p><span><b><span>Aims:</span></b><span> Primary biomass production is a fundamental process for ecosystem functioning. Yet, little is known on the mechanisms driving temporal stability of biomass production in annual plant communities, particularly in communities </span>subjected to highly variable environments and undergoing temporal changes in species composition.<span> We aimed to disentangle </span>the relative importance of biomass production, species <span>diversity, dominance and asynchrony of species fluctuations as drivers of biomass stability in Mediterranean and semiarid annual plant communities. </span></span></p> <p><span><b><span>Location:</span></b><span> Mediterranean (</span><span>N31<sup>o</sup>42'; E35<sup>o</sup>03') and Semiarid (N31<sup>o</sup>23'; E34<sup>o</sup>54') sites, Israel.</span></span></p> <p><span><b><span>Methods:</span></b><span> Aboveground biomass and species abundance were monitored in 15 plots of 250m<sup>2</sup> per site during eight consecutive years. Relationships between stability drivers and community stability were studied at the regional (between-sites) and local (within-sites) spatial scales.</span></span></p> <p><span><b><span>Results:</span></b><span> Community biomass stability (temporal mean/SD) increased from the Semiarid to the Mediterranean site concomitantly with higher </span>biomass production, richness, and evenness, but was not associated with changes in species synchrony. Differences in stability between sites were due to opposite effects of site conditions on the mean and SD of community biomass, leading to higher stability in the Mediterranean site. Within sites, species asynchrony was the key driver of stability at the local spatial-scale. Richness and biomass production affected stability indirectly through asynchrony, but in different ways at each site. At the Mediterranean site, these factors had indirect negative effects on stability by reducing asynchrony, but did not rescind a positive effect of asynchrony on community stability. At the Semiarid site, biomass production had indirect positive effects on stability through asynchrony, while richness had no effect on asynchrony and stability. Stability was not driven by species evenness in either site. </span></p> <p><span><b><span>Conclusions: </span></b>Our study provides new insights into the complex control of biomass stability in the dynamics of <span>Mediterranean and semiarid annual plant communities, with d</span>ifferent mechanisms driving stability across the regional <i>vs.</i> local spatial scales. </span></p>
Population asynchrony alone does not explain stability in species rich soil animal assemblages: the stabilising role of forest age on oribatid mite communities
<p>1. The importance of microbial and plant communities in the control of the diversity and structure of soil animal communities has been clarified over the last decade. Previous research focused on abiotic factors, niche separation and spatial patterns. Significant gaps still exist in our knowledge of the factors that control the stability of these communities over time.</p> <p>2. We analysed a nine-year data set form the national Long-term Ecological Research Network of Latvia. We focused on 117 oribatid species from three Scots pine forests of different age (<40 yrs, 65 yrs, and >150 yrs) and structure. For each forest type, 100 samples were collected each year, providing very high replication and long of time series for a soil community. We assessed different aspects of stability: we used a dynamic null model, parametrised on observed growth rates, to test the hypothesis that asynchrony in species populations stabilises total community size; we also analysed alpha and beta diversity over time to test the hypothesis that temporal variation in species composition and relative abundances is controlled by forest attributes.</p> <p>3. Real communities can be more stable than their stochastic counterparts if species are asynchronous, confirming for the first time the role of asynchrony in stabilising soil communities. Yet, while some real communities were more stable and had higher abundance and growth rates than others, they were not necessarily more asynchronous than the less stable communities. Species composition and relative abundances were also less variable in the more stable communities.</p> <p>4. Species asynchrony generally stabilises species rich communities but is not sufficient to explain different levels of stability between forests. Forest age is a key factor explaining different levels of overyielding and so stability. Data suggests that both asynchrony and high diversity of microhabitat structure of Scots pine forests promote stability of soil animal communities.</p>
Data from: Species asynchrony and response diversity determine multifunctional stability of natural grasslands
1. A growing body of empirical evidence has suggested that biodiversity affects the simultaneous performance of multiple ecosystem functions (that is, ecosystem multifunctionality). Given increasing environmental variability and uncertainty under global change, an emerging question is how biodiversity influences the stability of multiple functions (that is, multifunctional stability). We currently know little, however, about the determinants and mechanisms of multifunctional stability, which is of practical importance for ensuring the sustainable provision of multiple functions. 2. Here we examined mechanisms contributing to stability (quantified as the ratio of the mean to the standard deviation) of multiple functions related to ecosystem productivity and carbon sequestration, including plant aboveground and belowground productivity, litter production, gross primary productivity, and ecosystem respiration, in a large grassland biodiversity experiment in Inner Mongolia. 3. We found that community-wide species asynchrony was a strong driver to stabilize multiple functions. Community-wide asynchrony mediated the positive effects of species richness and response diversity (describing how species with similar effects on ecosystem function respond differently to environmental change) on multifunctional stability. However, species richness had a negative direct effect on multifunctional stability because, although it increased the averaged temporal mean of multiple functions, it strongly increased the averaged temporal standard deviation of multiple functions. The overall effects of species richness on multifunctional stability were thus negative, whereas those of response diversity were positive. 4. Synthesis. The studied ecosystem functions related to ecosystem productivity and carbon sequestration are important in natural grasslands across the world. We conclude that species asynchrony and response diversity, rather than species richness, are key to the ecosystem multifunctional stability. The loss of response diversity and compensatory mechanisms would likely reduce the long-term sustainability of grasslands in the face of global change.
What drives temporal stability of biomass production? Testing the roles of species diversity, dominance, asynchrony and spatial scale in annual plant communities
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Asynchrony among species and functional groups and temporal stability under perturbations: Patterns and consequences
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Data from: Species asynchrony and response diversity determine multifunctional stability of natural grasslands
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Population asynchrony alone does not explain stability in species rich soil animal assemblages: the stabilising role of forest age on oribatid mite communities
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Species asynchrony stabilises productivity under extreme drought across Northern China grasslands
<p>1. Biodiversity can stabilise productivity through different mechanisms, such as asynchronous species responses to environmental variability and species stability. Global changes, like intensified drought, could negatively affect species richness, species asynchrony, and species stability, but it is unclear how changes in these mechanisms will affect stability of aboveground primary productivity (ANPP) across ecosystems.</p> <p>2. We studied the effects of a 4-year extreme drought on ANPP stability and the underlying mechanisms (species richness, species asynchrony, and species stability) across six grasslands in Northern China. We also assessed the relative importance of these mechanisms in determining ANPP stability under extreme drought.</p> <p>3. We found that extreme drought decreased ANPP stability, species richness, species asynchrony, and species stability across the six grasslands. However, structural equation modelling revealed that species asynchrony, not species richness or species stability, was the most important mechanism promoting stability of ANPP, regardless of drought across the six grasslands.</p> <p>4. Synthesis: Our results suggest that species asynchrony, not species richness and species stability, consistently buffers ecosystem stability against extreme drought across and within grasslands spanning a broad precipitation gradient. Thus, species asynchrony may be a more general mechanism for promoting stability of ANPP in grasslands in the face of intensified drought.</p>
Species asynchrony stabilises productivity under extreme drought across Northern China grasslands
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Data from: Plant phenological asynchrony and community structure of gall-inducing insects associated with a tropical tree species
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Data from: Environmental changes drive the temporal stability of semi-arid natural grasslands through altering species asynchrony
Stability is an important property of ecological systems, many of which are experiencing increasing levels of anthropogenic environmental changes. However, how these environmental changes influence ecosystem stability remains poorly understood. We conducted an 8-year field experiment in a semi-arid natural grassland to explore the effects of two common environmental changes, precipitation and nitrogen enrichment, on the temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. A split-plot design, with precipitation as the main plot factor and nitrogen as the sub-plot factor, was used. Temporal stability was related to potential explanatory abiotic and biotic variables using regressions and structural equation modelling. Increase in growing season precipitation enhanced plant species richness and promoted temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. Nitrogen fertilization, however, reduced both plant species richness and temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. Contrary to expectations, species richness was not an important driver of stability. Instead, community temporal stability was mainly driven by water and nitrogen availability that modulated the degree of species asynchrony, and, to a lesser extent, by the stability of dominant plant species. Synthesis. Our results highlight the importance of limiting resources for regulating community biomass stability, and suggest that the projected increase in growing season precipitation may potentially offset negative effects of increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition on species diversity and community stability in semi-arid grasslands.
Data from: Environmental changes drive the temporal stability of semi-arid natural grasslands through altering species asynchrony
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.