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1,810 results for “species range”
Species interactions during succession in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, 1990 to present
The factors that contribute to plant species establishment and decline following disturbance determine the rates and patterns of successional change of a system. In this long-term field experiment, we test the commonly held assumption that competition for space or resources by dominant species determines the outcome of succession. Specifically, we examine the population- and community-level consequences of removing one or more potentially dominant species from the post-disturbance community after clearcut logging and burning of a mature/old-growth Douglas-fir forest. Experimental treatments include: (1) removal of early-seral annual, Senecio sylvaticus, or perennial, Epilobium angustifolium—or both—to test the influences of these early-seral dominants on subsequent community development; (2) removal of all species except Senecio or Epilobium, to test whether the decline of these early-seral dominants is driven by competitive displacement; or (3) removal of shade-tolerant forest species that dominate subsequent stages of succession—Rubus ursinus or Berberis nervosa plus Gaultheria shallon—to test the influences of these long-lived perennials on understory development. The experiment is a randomized block design comprising eight removal treatments plus a control replicated in each of 25 blocks. Removal (reduction in competition) is achieved by removing seedlings or vegetative stems annually from a treatment area of 2.5 x 2.5 m. Sample plots (1 x 1 m) centered within these are used to estimate cover of all vascular plant species and, for the first 8 yr of the experiment, stem density and height, facilitating estimates of above-ground biomass. Pre-harvest data were collected in 1990, logging/burning occurred in 1991, and removal treatments and post-treatment sampling were initiated in 1992. Six of the nine experimental treatments were terminated between 1996 and 1998, with loss of early-seral Senecio and Epilobium from the system. The remaining three treatments (removal
Imputed Forest Composition Map for New England Screened by Species Range Boundaries 2001-2006
Initializing forest landscape models (FLMs) to simulate changes in tree species composition requires accurate fine-scale forest attribute information mapped contiguously over large areas. Nearest-neighbor imputation maps have high potential for use as the initial condition within FLMs, but the tendency for field plots to be imputed over large geographical distances results in species frequently mapped outside of their home ranges, which is problematic. We developed an approach for evaluating and selecting field plots for imputation based on their similarity in feature-space, their species composition, and their geographical distance between source and imputation to produce a map that is appropriate for initializing an FLM. We applied this approach to map 13m ha of forest throughout the six New England states (Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine). The map itself is a .img raster file of FIA plot CN numbers. To access FIA data from this map, one has to link the mapcodes in this map to FIA data supplied by USDA FIA database (https://apps.fs.usda.gov/fia/datamart/datamart.html). Due to plot confidentiality and integrity concerns, pixels containing FIA plots were always assigned to some other plot than the actual one found there.
Ecophysiological variables of common shrub and grass species during the growing season following simulated sandblasting trials at the Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico, USA, 2018 and 2019
In this dataset, we report ecophysiological variables of contrasting perennial grass (Bouteloua eriopoda, Sporobolus airoides, and Aristida purpurea) and shrub (Prosopis glandulosa, Atriplex canescens, and Larrea tridentata) functional groups before and after a series of simulated sandblasting events with various intensities and frequencies. We hypothesized that grass species are more susceptible to the resulting "sandblasting" (i.e., abrasive damage by wind-blown particulates) than shrubs, thus contributing to the shift from grass to shrub dominance. To test this, we conducted a wind tunnel experiment at the USDA Jornada Experimental Range in 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. Potted plants were subjected to different levels of sandblasting in a novel portable wind tunnel, and plants’ ecophysiological responses including leaf gas exchange and nighttime leaf stomatal conductance were quantified. All tested plants were then grown in benign greenhouse conditions to investigate plant recovery post sandblasting. This dataset contains data about plant biomass and height, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf gas exchange, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency (WUE) under the experimental treatments above. This study is complete.
Data from: Moth species richness and diversity decline in a 30-year time series in Norway, irrespective of species' latitudinal range extent and habitat
<p>Data from:</p> <p>Burner, R., V. Selås, S. Kobro, R. Jacobsen, A. Sverdrup-Thygeson. 2021. Moth species richness and abundance decline in a 30-year time series, irrespective of species’ latitudinal range extent and habitat. <em>Journal of Insect Conservation</em><br> </p> <p>Current contact info for corresponding author: Ryan C. Burner, rburner[at]usgs.gov</p> <p> </p> <p>These data consist of a 30-year time series (1984 to 2013) of moth captures from a single site in southeast Norway, along with trait data for many of the species and climate data for the site. The moths were collected and identified by Sverre Kobro for the entire 30-year period and we are grateful for his efforts. </p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract from manuscript:</p> <p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p>Insects are reported to be in decline around the globe, but long-term datasets are rare. The causes of these trends are elusive, with land use change and climate change among the top candidates. Yet if species traits can predict rates of population change, this can help identify underlying mechanisms. If climate change is important, for example, northern species may decline as southern species expand. Land use changes, however, may impact species that rely on certain habitats.</p> <p><strong>Aims and Methods</strong></p> <p>We present 30 years of moth captures (comprising 85,149 individuals of 885 species) from a site in southeastern Norway to test for population trends that are correlated with species traits. We use time series analyses and joint species distribution models combined with local climate and habitat data.</p> <p><strong>Results and Discussion</strong></p> <p>Species richness and abundance declined by 10.1% and 13.8% per decade, respectively. Capture rates declined for 19% of species during this time as well, though 6% have increased. Annual summer weather is correlated with annual rates of abundance change for many species. But, opposite to a general expectation, many species in our study responded negatively to increasing summer temperatures. Surprisingly, neither species’ northern range limits nor the habitat in which their primary food plants grow are strong predictors of their rates of change, or their responses to climatic factors. However, species with more southerly distributions are less likely to be declining. Complex and indirect effects of both land use and climate change may play a role in these declines.</p> <p><strong>Implications for insect conservation</strong></p> <p>Our results provide additional evidence for long-term declines in insect abundance. The multifaceted causes of population changes may limit the ability of species traits to reveal which species are most at risk. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</strong></p> <p>Thanks to J. Fjelddalen, who helped with geometrid moth identifications. This project was supported by internal funding from the Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences.</p> <p> </p>
Geographic range size and species morphology determines the organization of sponge host-guest interaction networks across tropical coral reefs (Raw data)
<p>Datasets for the analysis developed in the Article "<em><strong>Geographic range size and species morphology determines the organization of sponge host-guest interaction networks across tropical coral reefs</strong></em>". For more information, please refer to the original publication.</p> <p>Network_Structural_Index_&_SpogeTraits.csv <- Structural Index for the sponge-dwelling fauna network, sponge accumulated area and sponges’ morphology.</p> <p>NWTA_CoralReefs_Sponges_ interactions.csv <- Relationship between host sponges and guest fauna in the Northwester Atlantic coral reefs</p> <p>NWTA_CoralReefs_Sponge_reacords.csv <- Sponge species incidence records in the Northwester Atlantic coral reefs</p> <p>sponges_morphological_description.csv <- Sponge morphological standardization</p> <p>Network.html <- Interactive sponge-dwelling fauna network</p> <p>Enjoy!<br> </p>
Mammalian herbivores restrict the altitudinal range limits of three alpine grass species (transplant and herbivore exclusion experiment and demographic data from natural populations), West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA 2015-2018
Though rarely experimentally tested, biotic interactions have long been hypothesized to limit low-elevation range boundaries of species. We tested the effects of herbivory on three alpine-restricted plant species by transplanting plants below (novel), at the edge (limit), or in the center (core) of their current elevational range and factorially fencing-out above- and belowground mammals in the West Elk Mountains, Colorado, USA from 2015-2018. Herbivore damage was greater in range limit and novel habitats than in range cores. Exclosures increased plant biomass and reproduction more in novel habitats than in range cores, suggesting demographic costs of novel interactions with herbivores. We then used demographic models to project population growth rates, which increased 5-20% more under herbivore exclosure at range limit and novel sites than in core habitats. Our results identify mammalian herbivores as key drivers of the low-elevation range limits of alpine plants and indicate that upward encroachment of herbivores could trigger local extinctions by depressing plant population growth.
Figure 3 in A new species of Phyllium (Phyllium) Illiger (Phasmida: Phylliidae) from Yap Island, Micronesia, representing a range expansion for the family
Figure 3. Holotype of Phyllium (Phyllium) yapicum new species. A) Genitalia, ventral view. B) Antennae and anterior half of head. C) Left profemora.
Appendix Morphometric parameters of Chaetonotus (Chaetonotus) antrumus Kolicka sp. nov. Abbreviations: N = number of specimens or structures analysed; Range = the smallest and the largest structure measurement found among all specimens measured; SD = standard deviation. All measurements are given in micrometers (μm); all indicators are given as a percentage (%) and italicized. in A new species of freshwater Chaetonotidae (Gastrotricha, Chaetonotida) from Obodska Cave (Montenegro) based on morphological and molecular characters
Appendix Morphometric parameters of Chaetonotus (Chaetonotus) antrumus Kolicka sp. nov. Abbreviations: N = number of specimens or structures analysed; Range = the smallest and the largest structure measurement found among all specimens measured; SD = standard deviation. All measurements are given in micrometers (μm); all indicators are given as a percentage (%) and italicized.
Figure 2 in New Polypheretima and Pithemera (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) species from the Mt. Malindang Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines
Figure 2. Schematic drawings of the external anterio-ventral area of (A) Polypheretima mindanaoensis sp. nov., (B) Pithemera malindangensis sp. nov., (C) Pithemera duminagati sp. nov. and (D) Pithemera donvictorianoi sp. nov. Abbreviations: fp, female pore; cl, clitellum; mp, male pore; gm, genital markings. Scale bars: 5 mm.
Molecular species delimitation of larks (Aves: Alaudidae), and integrative taxonomy of the genus Calandrella, with the description of a range-restricted African relic taxon
<p>This deposition contains the phylogenetic and species delimitation data for the manuscript "Molecular species delimitation of larks (Aves: Alaudidae), and integrative taxonomy of the genus <em>Calandrella</em>, with the description of a range-restricted African relic taxon" by Stervander <em>et al</em>. </p> <p>For details of samples/sequences/leaves, please refer to Appendix A of the above manuscript. </p> <p><strong>Phylogenetic analyses</strong></p> <ol> <li>Fasta sequence alignment of cytochrome b for the lark family and outgroups: Alaudidae_cytb_extended_200316.fa</li> <li>BEAST v. 2.6.1 input file: Alaudidae_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_modOp2003_20M1K.xml</li> <li>BEAST v. 2.6.1 output log file: Alaudidae_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_modOp_20M1K.log</li> <li>BEAST v. 2.6.1 output (raw) trees file: Alaudidae_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_modOp_20M1K.trees</li> <li>TreeAnnotator maximum credibility clade tree based on BEAST v. 2.6.1 output, newick format: Alaudidae_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_modOp_20M1K_c40Mbi5.mccmed.nwk</li> </ol> <p><strong>Species delimitation</strong></p> <ol> <li>Input tree, manipulated to remove negative branch lengths (replaced by 0) and tips/leafs that are single representatives of a species, based on current taxonomy (IOC v. 10.2), newick format: Alaudidae_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_c40Mbi5_mccmed_nonNeg_multiSeq_ingroup_remDuplicate.nwk</li> <li>mPTP text output of the multi-rate species delimitation, containing command for run and species delimitation results: Alaudidae200316_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_c40Mbi5_remDuplCaboweni201007_mccmed_delim_varRate_10M_minbrAUTO.1602073064.txt</li> <li>mPTP likelihood log of the multi-rate species delimitation: Alaudidae200316_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_c40Mbi5_remDuplCaboweni201007_mccmed_delim_varRate_10M_minbrAUTO.out.txt</li> <li>mPTP output tree in SVG format, with support values for species delimitation: Alaudidae200316_cytb_HKYGI_BDrelLN_c40Mbi5_remDuplCaboweni201007_mccmed_delim_varRate_10M_minbrAUTO.1602073064.combined.svg</li> </ol>
Data from: Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
<p>The Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>) is native to Southeast Asia. Since its first detection in 2008 in Europe and North America, it has been a pest to the fruit production industry as it feeds and oviposits on ripening fruit. Here we aim to model the potential geographical distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>. We performed an extensive literature review to map the current records. In total, 517 documented occurrences (96 native and 421 invasive) were identified spanning 52 countries. Next, we constructed three species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence records in: 1) the native range (SDMnative), 2) the invasive range in Europe (SDMEurope) and 3) a global model of all records (SDMglobal). The models aimed to investigate, whether this species will be able to occupy additional ecological niches beyond its native range and expand its current geographic distribution both globally and in Europe. The SDMs were generated using Maximum Entropy algorithms (Maxent) based on present occurrence records and bioclimatic variables (WorldClim). Predictions of habitat suitability vary greatly depending on the origins of occurrence records. According to all models, precipitation and low temperatures were key limiting factors for the distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>, which suggests that this species requires a humid environment with mild winters in order to establish a permanent population in its invasive range. Several regions in the invasive range, not presently occupied by this species, were predicted highly suitable, especially in northern Europe, suggesting that <em>D. suzukii</em> is not occupying its full fundamental niche yet. Synthesis and applications. Based on these models of potential geographic distribution of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>), we show a shift in the ecological niche in <em>D. suzukii</em> populations, emphasizing the importance of using presence and local environmental data. Further investigation regarding new occurrences is recommended to secure optimal pest management. Despite a continuing expansion, many countries still lack proper surveillance schemes, and we urge policymakers to initiate appropriate management programs.</p>
Fig. 7. Dordrecht Mountain, where a in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 7. Dordrecht Mountain, where a second population of Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov. was Frst recorded in Dec. 2013 (photo: Lynette Clennell, Dordrecht, 31 Dec. 2015).
Fig. 4 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 4. Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov., ♂, specimen in its natural habitat (photo: Lynette Clennell, Matatiele, 6 Dec. 2018).
Fig. 5 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 5. Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov., ♀, specimen in its natural habitat (photo: Lynette Clennell, Matatiele, 6 Dec. 2018).
Fig. 3 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 3. Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov., paratype, ♀, total length = 16.8 mm. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. (South Africa, Eastern Cape Province, Matatiele Nature Reserve, 6 Dec. 2008, R. Perissinotto and L. Clennell leg.)
Fig. 2 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 2. Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂. A. Aedeagus, dorsal view. B. Aedeagus, lateral view. (South Africa, Eastern Cape Province, Matatiele Nature Reserve, 6 Dec. 2008, R. Perissinotto and L. Clennell leg.)
Fig. 1 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 1. Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂, total length = 16.3 mm. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. (South Africa, Eastern Cape Province, Matatiele Nature Reserve, 6 Dec. 2008, R. Perissinotto and L. Clennell leg.)
Fig. 6 in Neoclita pringlei (Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae), a new relict genus and species from the Drakensberg Range of South Africa
Fig. 6. Matatiele Nature Reserve, showing the mountain summit with the typical habitat of Neoclita pringlei gen. et sp. nov. (photo: Lynette Clennell, Matatiele, 6 Dec. 2008).
Fig. 3 in Endemic Families of Madagascar. XIV. a New Restricted Range Species of Pentachlaena H. Perrier (Sarcolaenaceae) from Central Madagascar
Fig. 3. – Geographic distribution of Pentochloeno vestito Andriam., Lowry & G.E. Schatz (stars) and P. lotifolio H. Perrier (circles).
Fig. 2 in Endemic Families of Madagascar. XIV. a New Restricted Range Species of Pentachlaena H. Perrier (Sarcolaenaceae) from Central Madagascar
Fig. 2. – Photographs of Pentochloeno vestito Andriam., Lowry & G.E. Schatz. A. Flowering branch; B. Close-up of flower (note dense indument on lower surface of leaf); C. Adult plant; D. Habitat of type locality, with open wooded grassland and bushland/Tapia woodland and rocky quartzite substrate. [Photos: T. Andriamihajarivo]
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.