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25 results for “sperm response”
Sperm production and allocation in response to risks of sperm competition in the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens
<p>Dataset and R script used in the study: "Sperm production and allocation in response to risks of sperm competition in the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens".</p>
Data from: No evidence for phenotypic condition-dependent ejaculate allocation in response to sperm competition in a seed beetle
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Data from: Socially cued seminal fluid gene expression mediates responses in ejaculate quality to sperm competition risk
There is considerable evidence that males will increase the number of sperm ejaculated in response to sperm competition risk. However, whether they have the capacity to adjust seminal fluid components of the ejaculate has received less attention. Male crickets (Teleogryllus oceanicus) have been shown to adjust the viability of sperm in their ejaculate in response to sperm competition risk. Here we show that socially mediated plasticity in sperm viability is probably due, at least in part, to male adjustments in the protein composition of the seminal fluid. Seven seminal fluid protein genes were found to have an increased expression in males exposed to rival calls. Increased expression of these genes was correlated with increased sperm viability in whole ejaculates, and gene knockdown confirmed that at least one of these proteins promotes sperm viability. Our results lend support for recent theoretical models that predict complex responses in male allocation to seminal fluid composition in response to sperm competition risk.
Mating stimulates the immune response and sperm storage-related genes expression in spermathecae of bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) queen
<p>Data of the genes expression in spermathecae of mated bumblebee (<em>Bombus terrestris</em>) queen</p>
Data from: Ocean acidification alters sperm responses to egg-derived chemicals in a broadcast spawning mussel
<p>The continued and unprecedented emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) are causing progressive ocean acidification (OA). While deleterious effects of OA on biological systems are well documented in the growth of calcifying organisms, lesser studied impacts of OA include potential effects on gamete interactions that determine fertilisation, which are likely to influence the many marine species that spawn gametes externally. Here, we explore the effects of OA on the signalling mechanisms that enable sperm to track egg-derived chemicals (sperm chemotaxis). We focus on the mussel <i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>, where sperm chemotaxis enables eggs to selectively bias fertilisation in favour of genetically compatible males. Using a factorial experimental design, we test whether the experimental manipulation of seawater pH (comparing ambient conditions to predicted end-of-century scenarios) alters these patterns of differential sperm chemotaxis. While we find no evidence that patterns of male-female gametic compatibility are impacted by OA, we do find that individual males exhibit consistent variation in how their sperm perform in lowered pH levels. This finding of individual variability in the capacity of ejaculates to respond to chemoattractants under acidified conditions suggests that climate change will exert considerable pressure on male genotypes that can withstand an increasingly hostile fertilisation environment.</p>
Data from: Male responses to sperm competition risk associated with increased macronutrient intake and reduced lifespan
<p>Increased expenditure on the ejaculate is a taxonomically widespread male response to sperm competition. Increased ejaculate expenditure is assumed to come at a cost to future reproduction, otherwise males should always invest maximally. However, the life-history costs of strategic ejaculation are not well documented. Macronutrient intake is known to affect the trade-off between reproduction and lifespan. Intakes of protein and carbohydrate that maximise reproduction are often differ from those that maximise lifespan. Here, we asked whether strategic expenditure on the ejaculate by male crickets, <em>Teleogryllus oceanicus</em>, is mediated by macronutrient intake, and whether it comes at a cost of reduced lifespan. Males were exposed to rival song throughout their lifespan or were held in a silent non-competitive environment. Males exposed to song had a higher intake of both protein and carbohydrate, they reached adulthood sooner, produced ejaculates of higher quality, and died sooner than males living in a silent environment. Our findings provide a rare example of both the mechanisms and life-history costs associated with strategic ejaculation.</p>
A Dose-response Trial Using FE 999049 in Japanese Women Undergoing in Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) / Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Treatment
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02309671. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Socially cued seminal fluid gene expression mediates responses in ejaculate quality to sperm competition risk
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Data from: Ocean acidification alters sperm responses to egg-derived chemicals in a broadcast spawning mussel
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Data from: The heritability of mating behaviour in a fly and its plasticity in response to the threat of sperm competition
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Data from: Male responses to sperm competition risk associated with increased macronutrient intake and reduced lifespan
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Males adjust their manipulation of female remating in response to sperm competition risk
<p>To reduce the potential for sperm competition, male insects are thought to inhibit the post-mating reproductive behaviour of females through receptivity inhibiting compounds transferred in the ejaculate. Selection is expected to favour phenotypic plasticity in male post-copulatory expenditure, with males investing strategically in response to their perceived risk of sperm competition. However, the impact that socially cued strategic allocation might have on female post-mating behaviour has rarely been assessed. Here, we varied male perception of sperm competition risk, both prior to and during mating, to determine if a male's competitive environment impacts the extent to which he manipulates female remating behaviour. We found that female Australian field crickets<i> </i>(<i>Teleogryllus oceanicus</i>) mated to males that were reared under sperm competition risk emerged from a shelter in search of male song sooner than did females mated to males reared without risk, but only when mating occured in a risk free environment. We also found that females reared in a silent environment where potential mates were scarce displayed greater post-mating mate searching behaviour than females exposed to male calls during development. Collectively, our findings suggest complex interacting effects of male and female sociosexual environments on female post-mating sexual receptivity.</p>
Data from: Male responses to sperm competition risk when rivals vary in their number and familiarity
Males of many species adjust their reproductive investment to the number of rivals present simultaneously. However, few studies have investigated whether males sum previous encounters with rivals, and the total level of competition has never been explicitly separated from social familiarity. Social familiarity can be an important component of kin recognition and has been suggested as a cue that males use to avoid harming females when competing with relatives. Previous work has succeeded in independently manipulating social familiarity and relatedness among rivals, but experimental manipulations of familiarity are confounded with manipulations of the total number of rivals that males encounter. Using the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus we manipulated three factors: familiarity among rival males, the number of rivals encountered simultaneously, and the total number of rivals encountered over a 48-hour period. Males produced smaller ejaculates when exposed to more rivals in total, regardless of the maximum number of rivals they encountered simultaneously. Males did not respond to familiarity. Our results demonstrate that males of this species can sum the number of rivals encountered over separate days, and therefore the confounding of familiarity with the total level of competition in previous studies should not be ignored.
Data from: Sperm competitive ability evolves in response to experimental alteration of operational sex ratio
In naturally polygamous organisms such as Drosophila, sperm competitive ability is one of the most important components of male fitness and is expected to evolve in response to varying degrees of male–male competition. Several studies have documented the existence of ample genetic variation in sperm competitive ability of males. However, many experimental evolution studies have found sperm competitive ability to be unresponsive to selection. Even direct selection for increased sperm competitive ability has failed to yield any measurable changes. Here we report the evolution of sperm competitive ability (sperm defense-P1, offense-P2) in a set of replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster subjected to altered levels of male–male competition (generated by varying the operational sex ratio) for 55–60 generations. Males from populations with female-biased operational sex ratio evolved reduced P1 and P2, without any measurable change in the male reproductive behavior. Males in the male-biased regime evolved increased P1, but there was no significant change in P2. Increase in P1 was associated with an increase in copulation duration, possibly indicating greater ejaculate investment by these males. This study is one of the few to provide empirical evidence for the evolution of sperm competitive ability of males under different levels of male–male competition.
Data from: Flexible memory controls sperm competition responses to male Drosophila melanogaster
Males of many species use social cues to predict sperm competition and tailor their reproductive strategies, such as ejaculate or behavioural investment, accordingly. Whilst these plastic strategies are widespread, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Plastic behaviour requires individuals to learn and memorise cues associated with environmental change before using this experience to modify behaviour. Drosophila melanogaster respond to an increase in sperm competition threat by extending mating duration after exposure to a rival male. This behaviour shows lag times between environmental change and behavioural response suggestive of acquisition and loss of memory. Considering olfaction is important for a male's ability to assess the sperm competition environment, we hypothesised that an olfactory learning and memory pathway may play a key role in controlling this plastic behaviour. We assessed the role of genes and brain structures known to be involved in learning and memory. We show that sperm competition responses depend on anaesthesia sensitive memory, specifically the genes rut and amn. We also show that the γ lobes of the mushroom bodies are integral to the control of plastic mating behaviour. These results reveal the genetic and neural properties required for reacting to changes in the sperm competition environment.
Data from: Flexible memory controls sperm competition responses to male Drosophila melanogaster
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Males adjust their manipulation of female remating in response to sperm competition risk
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Data from: Male spiders reduce pre- and postmating sexual investment in response to sperm competition risk
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Data from: Male responses to sperm competition risk when rivals vary in their number and familiarity
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Data from: Sperm competitive ability evolves in response to experimental alteration of operational sex ratio
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.