Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
39
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
39 results for “spotted hyena”
Fig. 2. Geometric mean ratio and 95 in Associations between Toxoplasma gondii infection and steroid hormone levels in spotted hyenas
Fig. 2. Geometric mean ratio and 95% CI estimates from separate sex stratified models of the relationship between T. gondii infection and plasma cortisol. The red dashed line represents the null, and estimates are based on percentile bootstrapping (2000 simulations).
Fig. 1. Geometric mean ratio and 95 in Associations between Toxoplasma gondii infection and steroid hormone levels in spotted hyenas
Fig. 1. Geometric mean ratio and 95% CI estimates from separate sex and age stratified models of the relationship between T. gondii infection and plasma testosterone. The red dashed line represents the null, and estimates are based on percentile bootstrapping (2000 simulations).
Data and code from: Three decades of wildlife-vehicle collisions in a protected area: main roads and long-distance commuting trips to migratory prey increase spotted hyena roadkills in the Serengeti
<p>This is the first release. Potential updates will be available on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/MarwanNaciri/Three_decades_of_spotted_hyena_roadkill_in_a_protected_area">https://github.com/MarwanNaciri/Three_decades_of_spotted_hyena_roadkill_in_a_protected_area</a></p>
Long-term demography of spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in a lion-depleted but prey-rich ecosystem
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset of wild spotted hyenas from 3 clans in the Serengeti National Park
<p><span><span>Host</span> <span>immune</span> <span>defenses</span> <span>are</span> <span>important</span> <span>components of</span> <span>host-parasite</span> <span>interactions</span> <span>that affect</span> <span>the</span> <span>outcome</span> <span>of</span> <span>infection and may have fitness consequences for hosts when increased allocation of resources to immune responses undermines other essential life processes. Research on host-parasite</span> <span>interactions in large free-ranging wild mammals is currently hampered</span> <span>by</span> <span>a</span> <span>lack of verified non-invasive assays.</span> <span><span>We</span></span> <span>successfully</span> <span>adapted</span> <span>existing</span> <span>assays</span> <span>to measure innate and adaptive immune responses produced by the gastrointestinal mucosa in spotted</span> <span>hyena</span> <span>(</span><i><span>Crocuta</span></i><span><i> </i></span><i><span>crocuta</span></i><span>) faeces, including</span> <span>enzyme-linked immunosorbent</span> <span>assays</span> <span>(ELISAs)</span><span><span>, </span></span><span>to</span> <span>quantify</span><b> </b><span>faecal</span> <span>immunoglobulins (total</span> <span>IgA, total IgG) and</span> <span>total</span> <span>faecal</span> <span>O-linked</span> <span>oligosaccharides</span> <span>(mucin).</span> <span>We investigated the</span> <span><span>effect</span></span> <span>of infection load by an energetically costly hookworm (</span><i><span>Ancylostoma</span></i><span>), parasite richness, host age,</span> <span>sex, year of sampling and clan membership on</span> <span>immune</span> <span>responses</span> <span>and asked</span> <span>whether high investment in immune responses</span> <span>during</span> <span>early</span> <span>life</span> <span>affects longevity</span><span><span> in individually known spotted hyenas in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania.</span></span><span> F</span><span><span>aecal concentrations of IgA, IgG and mucin</span></span> <span>increased with </span><i><span>Ancylostoma</span></i><span> egg load and were higher in juveniles</span> <span>than in</span> <span>adults. Females had higher mucin concentrations than males. Juvenile females had higher IgG concentrations than juvenile males whereas adult females had lower IgG concentrations than males. High</span> <span><span>IgA</span></span><span><span> concentrations </span></span><span>during</span> <span>the</span> <span>first</span> <span>year</span> <span>of</span> <span>life</span> <span>was linked to</span> <span>reduced </span><span><span>longevity</span></span><span><span> after controlling for</span></span> <span>age</span> <span>at</span> <span>sampling</span> <span>and</span> <i><span>Ancylostoma</span></i><span><i> </i></span><span>egg</span><span><span> load</span></span><span>. Our</span> <span>study demonstrates that the use of non-invasive methods can increase knowledge on the complex relationship between gastrointestinal parasites and host local immune responses in wild large mammals and reveal fitness-relevant effects of these responses.</span></span></p>
Using by-catch camera trapping data for estimating the population size of spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)
<p>Spotted hyenas (<em>Crocuta crocuta</em>) are an important carnivore species whose dual role of scavenger and predator is vital to trophic energy flows of systems in which they are found. Where populations of spotted hyenas are small, the environment has few cleaners and carcasses can remain unprocessed. Despite being largely characterized as scavengers, spotted hyenas actively hunt and take down live prey and at high densities can have depressing effects on fragile or choice ungulate populations. In addition, they can alter the structure and composition dynamics of the carnivore guild through direct conflict or indirectly through competition for food and space. Despite their importance to ecosystem function and balance, reliable estimates of spotted hyena densities are rare. This is because unlike lions and leopards, spotted hyenas are generally not regarded as a charismatic species and, as such, survey resources, which are costly, are seldom solely allocated towards surveying them. Nonetheless, being able to confidently estimate spotted hyena numbers is important for the effective management of carnivore and herbivore populations whose dynamics they influence.</p>
Individual or group signatures in spotted hyena whoops
<p>In animal societies, identity signals mediate interactions within groups, and allow individuals to discriminate group-mates from out-group competitors. However, individual recognition becomes increasingly challenging as group size increases and as signals must be transmitted over greater distances. Group vocal signatures appear to evolve when successful in-group/out-group distinctions are at the crux of fitness-relevant decisions, but individual-based recognition systems may be favored when differentiated within-group relationships are important for decision-making. Spotted hyenas are social carnivores that live in stable clans of <125 individuals composed of multiple unrelated matrilines. Clan members cooperate to defend resources and communal territories from neighboring clans and other mega carnivores; this collective defense is mediated by long-range (up to 5 km range) recruitment vocalizations, called whoops. Here, we use machine learning to determine that spotted hyena whoops contain individual but not group signatures, and that fundamental frequency features that propagate well are critical for individual discrimination. For effective clan-level cooperation, hyenas face the cognitive challenge of remembering and recognizing individual voices at long range. We show that serial redundancy in whoop bouts increases individual classification accuracy and thus extended call bouts used by hyenas likely evolved to overcome the challenges of communicating individual identity at long distance.</p>
Data for: Social-ecological predictors of spotted hyena navigation through a shared landscape
<p>Human-wildlife interactions are increasing in severity due to climate change and proliferating urbanization. Regions where human infrastructure and activity are rapidly densifying or newly appearing constitute novel environments in which wildlife must learn to coexist with people, thereby serving as ideal case studies with which to infer future human-wildlife interactions in shared landscapes.<em> </em>As a widely reviled and behaviorally plastic apex predator, the spotted hyena (<em>Crocuta crocuta</em>) is a model species for understanding how large carnivores navigate these human-caused 'landscapes of fear' in a changing world. Using high-resolution GPS collar data, we applied resource selection functions and step selection functions to assess spotted hyena landscape navigation and fine-scale movement decisions in relation to social-ecological features in a rapidly developing region comprising two protected areas: Lake Nakuru National Park and Soysambu Conservancy, Kenya. We then used camera trap imagery and Barrier Behavior Analysis (BaBA) to further examine hyena interactions with barriers. Our results show that environmental factors, linear infrastructure, human-carnivore conflict hotspots, and human tolerance were all important predictors for landscape-scale resource selection by hyenas, while human experience elements were less important for fine-scale hyena movement decisions. Hyena selection for these characteristics also changed seasonally and across land management types. Camera traps documented an exceptionally high number of individual spotted hyenas (234) approaching the national park fence at 16 sites during the study period, and BaBA results suggested that hyenas perceive protected area boundaries' semi-permeable electric fences as risky but may cross them out of necessity. Our findings highlight that the ability of carnivores to flexibly respond within human-caused landscapes of fear may be expressed differently depending on context, scale, and climatic factors. These results also point to the need to incorporate societal factors into multiscale analyses of wildlife movement to effectively plan for human-wildlife coexistence.</p>
Daily ranging and den usage patterns structure fission-fusion dynamics and social associations in spotted hyenas
<p>Environment structure often shapes social interactions. Spatial attractors that draw multiple individuals may play a particularly important role in dispersed groups, where individuals must first encounter one another to interact. We use GPS data recorded simultaneously from five spotted hyenas (<i>Crocuta crocuta</i>) within a single clan to investigate how communal dens and daily ranging patterns shape fission-fusion dynamics (subgroup splits and merges). We introduce a species-general framework for identifying and characterizing dyadic fission-fusion events and describe a taxonomy of ten possible configurations of these events. Applying this framework to the hyena data illuminates the spatiotemporal structure of social interactions within hyenas' daily routines. The most common types of fission-fusion events involve close approaches between individuals, do not involve co-travel together, and occur at the communal den. Comparison to permutation-based reference models suggests that den usage structures broad-scale patterns of social encounters, but that other factors influence how those encounters unfold. We discuss the dual role of communal dens in hyenas as physical and social resources, and suggest that dens are an example of a general "social piggybacking" process whereby environmental attractors take on social importance as reliable places to encounter conspecifics, causing social and spatial processes to become fundamentally intertwined.</p>
Evaluating drivers of female dominance in the spotted hyena: R code and data
<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Dominance relationships in which females dominate males are rare among mammals. Mechanistic hypotheses explaining the occurrence of female dominance suggest that females dominate males because 1) they are intrinsically more aggressive or less submissive than males, and/or 2) they have access to more social support than males.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: Here, we examine the determinants of female dominance across ontogenetic development in spotted hyenas (<em>Crocuta crocuta</em>) using 30 years of detailed behavioral observations from the Mara Hyena Project to evaluate these two hypotheses.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Among adult hyenas, we find that females spontaneously aggress at higher rates than males, whereas males spontaneously submit at higher rates than females. Once an aggressive interaction has been initiated, adult females are more likely than immigrant males to elicit submission from members of the opposite sex, and both adult natal and immigrant males are more likely than adult females to offer submission in response to an aggressive act. We also find that adult male aggressors are more likely to receive social support than adult female aggressors, and that both adult natal and immigrant males are 2-3 times more likely to receive support when attacking a female than when attacking another male. Across all age classes, females are more likely than males to be targets of aggressive acts that occur with support. Further, receiving social support does slightly help immigrant males elicit submission from adult females compared to immigrant males acting alone, and it also helps females elicit submission from other females. However, adult females can dominate immigrant males with or without support far more often than immigrant males can dominate females, even when the immigrants are supported against females.</p> <p><strong>Discussion</strong>: Overall, we find evidence for both mechanisms hypothesized to mediate female dominance in this species: 1) male and female hyenas clearly differ in their aggressive and submissive tendencies, and 2) realized social support plays an important role in shaping dominance relationships within a clan. Nevertheless, our results suggest that social support alone cannot explain sex-biased dominance in spotted hyenas. Although realized social support can certainly influence fight outcomes among females, adult females can easily dominate immigrant males without any support at all.</p>
Daily ranging and den usage patterns structure fission-fusion dynamics and social associations in spotted hyenas
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Social-ecological predictors of spotted hyena navigation through a shared landscape
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Individual or group signatures in spotted hyena whoops
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Assessing niche conservatism using a multiproxy approach: dietary ecology of extinct and extant spotted hyenas
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Using by-catch camera trapping data for estimating the population size of spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Epigenetic signatures of social status in wild spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset of wild spotted hyenas from 3 clans in the Serengeti National Park
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Evaluating drivers of female dominance in the spotted hyena: R code and data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Socioecological predictors of immune defenses in wild spotted hyenas
Social rank can profoundly affect many aspects of mammalian reproduction and stress physiology, but little is known about how immune function is affected by rank and other socioecological factors in free-living animals. In this study, we examine the effects of sex, social rank and reproductive status on immune function in long-lived carnivores that are routinely exposed to a plethora of pathogens, yet rarely show signs of disease. Here, we show that two types of immune defences, complement-mediated bacterial killing capacity (BKC) and total IgM, are positively correlated with social rank in wild hyenas, but that a third type, total IgG, does not vary with rank. Female spotted hyenas, which are socially dominant to males in this species, have higher BKC, and higher IgG and IgM concentrations, than do males. Immune defences are lower in lactating than pregnant females, suggesting the immune defences may be energetically costly. Serum cortisol and testosterone concentrations are not reliable predictors of basic immune defences in wild female spotted hyenas. These results suggest that immune defences are costly and multiple socioecological variables are important determinants of basic immune defences among wild hyenas. The effects of these variables should be accounted for when attempting to understand disease ecology and immune function.
Data from: Lifetime selection on a hypoallometric trait in the spotted hyena
Size-related traits are common targets of natural selection, yet there is a relative paucity of data on selection among mammals, particularly from studies measuring lifetime reproductive success (LRS). We present the first phenotypic selection analysis using LRS on size-related traits in a large terrestrial carnivore, the spotted hyena, which displays a rare pattern of female-biased sexual size dimorphism (SSD). Using path analysis, we investigate the operation of selection to address hypotheses proposed to explain SSD in spotted hyenas. Ideal size measures are elusive, and allometric variation often obfuscates interpretation of size proxies. We adopt a novel approach integrating two common methods of assessing size, and demonstrate lifetime selection on size-related traits that scale hypoallometrically with overall body size. Our data support selection on hypoallometric traits in hyenas, but not on traits exhibiting isometric or hyperallometric scaling relationships, or on commonly-used measures of overall body size. Our results represent the first estimate of lifetime selection on a large carnivore, and suggest a possible route for maintenance of female-biased SSD in spotted hyenas. Finally, our results highlight the importance of choosing appropriate measures when estimating animal body size, and suggest caution in interpreting selection on size-related traits as selection on size itself.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.