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22 results for “spotted wing drosophila”
Data from: Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
<p>The Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>) is native to Southeast Asia. Since its first detection in 2008 in Europe and North America, it has been a pest to the fruit production industry as it feeds and oviposits on ripening fruit. Here we aim to model the potential geographical distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>. We performed an extensive literature review to map the current records. In total, 517 documented occurrences (96 native and 421 invasive) were identified spanning 52 countries. Next, we constructed three species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence records in: 1) the native range (SDMnative), 2) the invasive range in Europe (SDMEurope) and 3) a global model of all records (SDMglobal). The models aimed to investigate, whether this species will be able to occupy additional ecological niches beyond its native range and expand its current geographic distribution both globally and in Europe. The SDMs were generated using Maximum Entropy algorithms (Maxent) based on present occurrence records and bioclimatic variables (WorldClim). Predictions of habitat suitability vary greatly depending on the origins of occurrence records. According to all models, precipitation and low temperatures were key limiting factors for the distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>, which suggests that this species requires a humid environment with mild winters in order to establish a permanent population in its invasive range. Several regions in the invasive range, not presently occupied by this species, were predicted highly suitable, especially in northern Europe, suggesting that <em>D. suzukii</em> is not occupying its full fundamental niche yet. Synthesis and applications. Based on these models of potential geographic distribution of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>), we show a shift in the ecological niche in <em>D. suzukii</em> populations, emphasizing the importance of using presence and local environmental data. Further investigation regarding new occurrences is recommended to secure optimal pest management. Despite a continuing expansion, many countries still lack proper surveillance schemes, and we urge policymakers to initiate appropriate management programs.</p>
Fig. 1 in Survey for spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the five-county nursery production region of middle Tennessee, USA
Fig. 1. Average trap captures of Drosophila suzukii males (gray triangles) and females (black circles) by week in 2013 and 2014. Weeks with an asterisk above them indicate significant differences (P <0.05) between the sexes by pair-wise LSMeans comparison in the negative binomial regression analysis (PROC GENMOD).
Fig. 2 in Survey for spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the five-county nursery production region of middle Tennessee, USA
Fig. 2. Average trap captures of Drosophila suzukii in red (black circles) and yellow traps (gray triangles) by week in 2013 and 2014. No significant differences (P> 0.05) were found between the colors by pair-wise LSMeans comparison in the negative binomial regression analysis (PROC GENMOD).
Fig. 3 in Survey for spotted-wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the five-county nursery production region of middle Tennessee, USA
Fig. 3. Adult Drosophila suzukii males (gray triangles) and females (black circles) captured from a yeast-baited deli cup trap in a plot of mixed Cornus species at the Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center during 2014 and 2015.
Fig. 2. Adult spotted wing drosophila emergence from berries 2 in Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungal products for biological control of spotted wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) under laboratory conditions
Fig. 2. Adult spotted wing drosophila emergence from berries 2 wk afer re- moval from the arenas. Bars with the same letter are not significantly different from each other (P> 0.05). Error bars represent standard error of the mean.
Fig. 1 in Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungal products for biological control of spotted wing drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) under laboratory conditions
Fig. 1. Percent mortality of spotted wing drosophila afer 24, 48, 72, and 168 h in each treatment (Untrt = deionized water treated control, BotL = BotaniGard low rate, BotH = BotaniGard high rate, PFRL = PFR 97 low rate, and PFRH = PFR 97 high rate). Bars with the same letter are not significantly different from each other (P> 0.05). N. S. = no significant differences (P> 0.05). Error bars represent standard error of the mean.
Data from: Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
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DNA Metabarcoding Enables High-Throughput Detection of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) within Unsorted Trap Catches
<p>Data to support the paper: DNA Metabarcoding Enables High-Throughput Detection of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) within Unsorted Trap Catches</p>
Selection results of two native parasitoids on the invasive spotted wing drosophila
<p>Co-evolved natural enemies provide sustainable and long-term control of numerous invasive insect pests, but the introduction of such enemies has declined sharply due to increasing regulations. In the absence of co-evolved natural enemies, native species may attack exotic invasive pests; however, they usually lack adaptations to control novel hosts effectively. We investigated the potential of two native pupal parasitoids, <em>Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae</em>, and <em>Trichopria drosophilae</em>, to increase their developmental success on the invasive <em>Drosophila suzukii</em>. Replicated populations of the two parasitoids were subjected to 10 generations of laboratory selection on <em>D. suzukii</em> with <em>D. melanogaster</em> serving as the co-evolved host. We assessed the developmental success of selected and control lines in generations 0, 3, and 10. Changes in host preference, sex ratio, development time, and body size were measured to evaluate correlated responses with adaptation. Both parasitoid species responded rapidly to selection by significantly increasing their developmental success on the novel host within three generations, which remained constant for seven additional generations without further improvement. The generalist parasitoid species <em>P. vindemmiae</em> was able to reach similar developmental success as the control populations, while the performance of the more specialized parasitoid <em>T. drosophilae</em> remained lower on the novel than on the co-evolved host. There was no increase in preference towards the novel host over ten generations of selection; nor were there changes in development time or body size associated with adaptation in either parasitoid species. The sex ratio became less female-biased for both parasitoids after three generations of selection but rebounded in <em>P. vindemmiae</em> by generation 10. These results suggest that a few generations of selection may be sufficient to improve the performance of native parasitoids on invasive hosts, but with limits to the degree of improvement for managing invasive pests when exotic co-evolved natural enemies are unavailable.</p>
Drosophila suzukii wing spot size is robust to developmental temperature
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Data from: Co-evolving wing spots and mating displays are genetically separable traits in Drosophila
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Selection results of two native parasitoids on the invasive spotted wing drosophila
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Data from: Local and landscape-scale heterogeneity shape spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) activity and natural enemy abundance: implications for trophic interactions
Like natural enemies, invasive polyphagous pests may respond positively to local and landscape-scale diversity, making them more serious challenges to sustainable management than specialists. Yet the current view of landscape effects on pests rarely considers perennial systems or polyphagous pests. We investigated Drosophila suzukii (SWD) and natural enemy distributions and trophic interactions in blueberry systems of the southeast US in relation to local management and landscape structure. Fields were nested in 1-km landscapes along gradients of crop and forest heterogeneity (landscape compositional diversity) and field border and crop border lengths (landscape configurational diversity). Yeast-sugar bait traps were used to collect SWD and canopy suction sampling for natural enemies. Management practices at the local scale did not influence SWD abundance, but natural enemy abundance was higher in organic systems and fields with vegetation present between rows. Landscape configurational diversity and greater proportion of non-cropping habitat promoted higher SWD populations. Natural enemy communities were composed of highly generalized species, and contrary to our predictions, we observed lower abundances in landscapes with higher proportion of non-cropping area. Few predators were detected to have fed on SWD, and communities were dominated by predators with low specialization on prey in blueberry. Our results indicate that local and landscape features in blueberry landscapes have differential effects on a polyphagous pest and generalist natural enemies. Our initial analysis of predator diets, using a metabarcoding approach, suggests spatial structure in specialization on prey with high diversity of prey in predators collected in forested margins.
Data from: Local and landscape-scale heterogeneity shape spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) activity and natural enemy abundance: implications for trophic interactions
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Color preference of the spotted wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Drosophila suzukii</i> Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a significant invasive pest in soft-skin fruits and berries in Asia, Europe, and North and South America. Many herbivorous insects use multiple cues for host selection, particularly olfactory and visual stimuli. The visual system of closely-related <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> is well-documented, expressing strong sensitivity to short-wavelength colors (ultraviolet to green) and only limited sensitivity to long-wavelength colors (red to infrared). <a name="_Hlk14941109">Our results suggest that <i>D. suzukii</i> have limited ability to distinguish red consistent with visual sensitivity range within the melanogaster subgroup. </a>We propose that color contrast rather than color appearance may be of greater importance in orientation and attraction. We propose that differences in reflectance between light wavelengths important for color opponency are key to color discrimination to provide color contrast between foreground and background, as occurs between fruit and foliage, during host-finding.</p>
Data from: Back and forth Wolbachia transfers reveal efficient strains to control spotted wing drosophila populations
1.Since its recent invasion of the European and American continents, the spotted wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii has become a burden of the fruit industry. Armed with a highly sclerotized ovipositor, females can lay eggs in a wider variety of ripening and healthy fruits than other Drosophila species. Economic losses due to Drosophila suzukii reach millions of dollars annually and methods to control natural populations in the field mainly rely on the use of chemical pesticides. 2.We tested if Wolbachia bacteria represents a potential ally to control this pest. These symbionts are naturally present in many insects and often induce a form of conditional sterility called Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI): the offspring of infected males die, unless the eggs are rescued by the compatible infection, inherited from the mother that protects the embryo. A long-recognised, a strategy called the Incompatible Insect Technique (IIT) makes use of the CI phenotype to control insect populations through the mass release of infected males. To implement this technique in D. suzukii, we used back and forth Wolbachia transfers between D. suzukii and D. simulans to identify Wolbachia strains that can sterilize D. suzukii females despite the presence of wSuz, a natural Wolbachia infection in this species. 3.We identified two Wolbachia strains as potential candidates for developing IIT in D. suzukii. Both induce a very high level of CI in this pest which is not attenuated by the presence of wSuz in females. Moreover, the newly transferred Wolbachia do not affect the fitness or the mating competitiveness of the sterilizing males. 4.Synthesis and applications. Although several critical steps still need to be tested and developed outside the laboratory to achieve the control of Drosophila suzukii using Incompatible Insect Technique. By an experimental approach in large population cage, we showed that releases of transinfected males limits population size. Thus, we provide in this study the proof of concept that this technique can be a very promising approach to control D. suzukii populations.
Data from: Nutritional geometry and fitness consequences in Drosophila suzukii, the Spotted-Wing Drosophila
Since its arrival to North America less than a decade ago, the invasive Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) has inflicted substantial economic losses on soft fruit agriculture due to its ability to oviposit into ripening fruits. More effective management approaches for this species are needed, but little is known about the factors that influence behavioral choices made by D. suzukii when selecting hosts, or the consequences that their offspring experience when developing in different environments. Using a nutritional geometry methodology, we found that the ratio of proteins-to-carbohydrates (P:C) present in media greatly influenced adult D. suzukii behavior and subsequent offspring development. Whereas adult flies showed a strong bias in their oviposition and association behaviors toward carbohydrate-rich foods, larval survival and eclosion rate were strongly dependent on protein availability. Here, we explore the preference–performance hypothesis (PPH), in which females are predicted to oviposit on medias that provide the greatest offspring benefits, in regard to its relevance in D. suzukii behavior and consequences for management. Our results provide valuable insight into the ecology and evolution of this species that may hopefully lead to more effective management strategies.
Data from: Back and forth Wolbachia transfers reveal efficient strains to control spotted wing drosophila populations
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Data from: Data from: Seasonal polyphenism of Spotted-wing Drosophila is affected by variation in local abiotic conditions within its invaded range, likely influencing survival and regional population dynamics
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Data from: Nutritional geometry and fitness consequences in Drosophila suzukii, the Spotted-Wing Drosophila
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