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112 results for “survival probability”
Data for Survival probabilities of atmospheric particles: comparison based on theory, cluster population simulations, and observations in Beijing
<p>Data for<em> Survival probabilities of atmospheric particles: comparison based on theory, cluster population simulations, and observations in Beijing </em>(https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-484)</p> <p>Contact Santeri Tuovinen (santeri.tuovinen@helsinki.fi) for more details.</p>
Figures represent five groups respectively. In group, when the dispersal rate is equal to 1% values of the probability of disperser survival are 1, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 respectively as in groups and in The Influence Of Dispersal On The Metapopulation Viability Of Giant Panda (Aliuropoda Melanoleuca) In The Minshan Mountains
Figures represent five groups respectively. In group, when the dispersal rate is equal to 1% values of the probability of disperser survival are 1, 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 respectively as in groups and
Figure 6. Association between survival probability estimates with circulating T4 in Harbor seal pup dispersal and individual morphology, hematology, and contaminant factors affecting survival
Figure 6. Association between survival probability estimates with circulating T4 (nmol/L) at the time of capture/release from the best supported model: {Φ(g + T4)}.
Figure 3 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 3. Survival probability (mean ± SE) of small rodents in the prethinning and postthinning periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea. *: P <0.05, **: P <0.001 according to a Mann–Whitney U test.
Figure 1 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 1. Mean numbers of small rodents captured per month (individuals/ha; mean ± SE) in the prethinning and postthinning periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea. Asterisk indicates a significant difference (P <0.05) according to a Mann–Whitney U test.
Figure 2 in Influence of tree thinning on abundance and survival probability of small rodents in a natural deciduous forest
Figure 2. Estimated mean (n = 2) abundance of small rodents in the prethinning (2014) and postthinning (2015) periods in a natural deciduous forest, Mt. Maehwa, Hongcheon, South Korea.
Data from: Greater agility increases probability of survival in the endangered northern quoll
<p>Introduced predators combined with habitat loss and modification are threatening biodiversity worldwide, particularly the 'critical weight range' (CWR) mammals of Australia. In order to mitigate the impacts of invasive predators on native species in different landscapes, we must understand how the prey's morphology and performance determine their survival. Here we evaluate how phenotypic traits related to escape performance predict the probability of survival for an endangered CWR mammal, the northern quoll (<em>Dasyurus hallucatus</em>). We measured mass, body size, body shape, body condition, and age, as well as maximum sprint speed, acceleration, and agility of female quolls over two consecutive years. Those with higher body condition and agility around a 135° corner were more likely to survive their first 21 months of life but were not more likely to survive after this period. No other morphological or performance traits affected survival. Heavier second-year individuals were more agile than first-years but second-years experienced higher mortality rates throughout the year. Females with higher body condition and agility around a 135° corner tended to have shorter limbs and feet but larger heads. Our findings suggest that higher body condition and agility are advantageous for survival in female northern quolls. These results can be used to develop predictive models of predator-prey interactions based on performance capacities and how performance is affected by habitat, aiding conservation efforts to predict and manage the impacts of introduced predators on native species.</p>
Measuring the benefit of a risk-induced trait response: vigilance and survival probability
<p>Defensive traits are hypothesized to benefit prey by reducing predation risk from a focal predator but come at a cost to the fitness of the prey. Variation in the expression of defensive traits is seen among individuals within the same population, and in the same individual in response to changes in the environment (i.e., phenotypically plastic responses). It is the relative magnitude of the cost and benefit of the defensive trait which underlies the defensive trait expression and its consequences to the community. However, whereas the cost has received much attention in ecological research, the benefit is seldom examined. Even in a defensive trait as extensively studied as vigilance, there are few studies of the purported benefit of the behavior, namely that vigilance enhances survival. We examined if prey vigilance increased survival and quantified that benefit in a natural system, with white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) experiencing unmanipulated levels of predation risk from Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi). Deer that spent more time vigilant (as measured by head position using camera trap data) had a higher probability of survival. Indeed, an individual deer that were vigilant 75% of the time were more than three times as likely to be killed by panthers over the course of a year compared to a deer that were vigilant 95% of the time. Our results therefore show that within-population variation in the expression of a defensive trait has profound consequences to the benefit it confers. Our results provide empirical evidence supporting a long-held but seldom tested hypothesis, that vigilance is a behavior that reduces the probability of predation and quantified the benefit of this defensive trait. Our work furthers an understanding of the net effects of a trait on prey fitness and predator-prey interactions, within-population variation in traits, and predation risk effects.</p>
Code from: Geometric-mean fitness does not correspond to long-term survival probability
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Measuring the benefit of a risk-induced trait response: vigilance and survival probability
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Data from: Greater agility increases probability of survival in the endangered northern quoll
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Survival probability in a small shorebird decreases with the time an individual carries a tracking device
<p>Effects of tracking devices on survival are generally considered to be small. However, most studies to date have been conducted over a time-period of only one year, neglecting the possible accumulation of negative effects and consequently stronger negative impacts on survival when the individuals have carried the tracking devices for longer periods. We studied the effects of geolocators in a closely monitored and colour-ringed southern dunlin (<i>Calidris alpina schinzii</i>) population breeding in Finland. Our capture-recapture data spans 2002-2018 and includes individual histories of 338 colour-ringed breeding adult dunlins (the term 'recapture' includes resightings of colour-ringed and individually recognizable birds). These data include 53 adults that were fitted with leg-flag mounted geolocators in 2013-2014. We followed their fates together with other colour-ringed birds not equipped with geolocators until 2018. Geolocators were removed within 1-2 years of attachment or were not removed at all, which allowed us to examine whether carrying a geolocator reduces survival and whether the reduction in survival becomes stronger when geolocators are carried for more than one year. We fit multi-state open population capture-recapture models to the encounter history data. When assessing geolocator effects, we accounted for recapture probabilities, time since marking, and sex and year effects on survival. We found that carrying a geolocator reduced survival, which contrasts with many studies that examined return rates after one year. Importantly, survival declined with the time the individual had carried a geolocator, suggesting that the negative effects accumulate over time. Hence, the longer monitoring of birds carrying a geolocator may explain the difference from previous studies. Despite their larger mass, females tended to be more strongly affected by geolocators than males. Our results warrant caution in conducting tracking studies and suggest that short-term studies examining return rates may not reveal all possible effects of tracking devices on survival.</p>
Data from: Joint estimation of survival and breeding probability in female dolphins and calves with uncertainty in state assignment
While the population growth rate in long-lived species is highly sensitive to adult survival, reproduction can also significantly drive population dynamics. Reproductive parameters can be challenging to estimate as breeders and non-breeders may vary in resighting probability and reproductive status may be difficult to assess. We extended capture–recapture (CR) models previously fitted for data on other long-lived marine mammals to estimate demographic parameters while accounting for detection heterogeneity between individuals and state uncertainty regarding reproductive status. We applied this model to data on 106 adult female bottlenose dolphins observed over 13 years. The detection probability differed depending on breeding status. Concerning state uncertainty, offspring were not always sighted with their mother, and older calves were easier to detect than young-of-the-year (YOY), respectively 0.79 (95% CI 0.59–0.90) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.46–0.68). This possibly led to inaccurate reproductive status assignment of females. Adult female survival probability was high (0.97 CI 95% 0.96–0.98) and did not differ according to breeding status. Young-of-the-year and 1-year-old calves had a significantly higher survival rate than 2-year-old (respectively 0.66 CI 95% 0.50-0.78 and 0.45 CI 95% 0.29–0.61). This reduced survival is probably related to weaning, a period during which young are exposed to more risks since they lose protection and feeding from the mother. The probability of having a new YOY was high for breeding females that had raised a calf to the age of 3 or lost a 2-year-old calf (0.71, CI 95% 0.45– 0.88). Yet this probability was much lower for non-breeding females and breeding females that had lost a YOY or a 1-year-old calf (0.33, 95% CI 0.26–0.42). The multievent CR framework we used is highly flexible and could be easily modified for other study questions or taxa (marine or terrestrial) aimed at modelling reproductive parameters.
data for the manuscript entitled Survival probability of atmospheric new particles: closure between theory and measurements from 1.4 to 100 nm
<p>data for figures.</p> <p>Please contact runlong.cai@helsinki.fi if needed</p>
Data from: Joint estimation of survival and breeding probability in female dolphins and calves with uncertainty in state assignment
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Survival probability in a small shorebird decreases with the time an individual carries a tracking device
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Data from: Experiencing El Niño conditions during early life reduces recruiting probabilities but not adult survival
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Data from: Model and test in a fungus of the probability that beneficial mutations survive drift
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Machine-learning model based on glycosyltransferase expression predicts multiple cancer types, subtypes and survival probability
GEO Series GSE254461. Homo sapiens. 57 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Links between blood parasites, blood chemistry, and the survival probability of nestling American crows
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