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45 results for “sweet potato”
Data from: Evaluation of a low-cost staining method for improved visualization of sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) eggs on multiple crop plant species
<p>The sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a damaging insect pest that feeds on hundreds of crop plants. Oviposition rate is a useful metric to screen plants for whitefly resistance. Whitefly eggs are small and translucent, and can therefore be hard to count on the leaves of some crops. In this research, we tested a selective egg staining process on five crop species to determine if egg staining can improve the visualization and quantification of whitefly eggs. By comparing the egg counts before and after staining using two-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (a non-parametric test for paired analyses). Two individuals counted the eggs, and for both these counters we found a significant increase in the number of visible eggs after staining on melon, tomato, and cowpea. This method could be applied to improve phenotyping for whitefly resistance in plant breeding applications.</p>
Figs. 2 A-H in Copper and zinc interactions: morphophysiological responses in sweet potato plants (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Figs. 2 A-H. Effects of Cu and Zn on the nutrient content, based on dry weight (DW), in sweet potato plants (Ipomoea batatas L.). A. Nitrogen (g kg-1 DW); B. Potassium (g kg-1 DW); C. Calcium (g kg-1 DW); D. Magnesium (g kg-1 DW); E. Copper (mg kg-1 DW); F. Zinc (mg kg-1 DW); G. Iron (mg kg-1 DW); H. Manganese (mg kg-1 DW).
Fig. 1 in First record of the sweet potato pest Bedellia somnulentella (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae) in Brazil
Fig. 1. Larvae (A); pre-pupae (B); pupae (C); and adults (male and female) (D) of Bedellia somnulentella (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae).
Fig. 2 in First record of the sweet potato pest Bedellia somnulentella (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae) in Brazil
Fig. 2. Bedellia somnulentella (Lepidoptera: Bedelliidae) adult perched on the abaxial end of an Ipomoea batatas leaf (A); larval damage on I. batatas leaves (B); caterpillar with excreta deposited outside a mine (C).
Fig. 1 in First record of Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) attacking sweet potato in Brazil
Fig. 1. Adults of Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on sweet potato leaves (A, B), immature (C) and resulting injuries; chlorotic spots (C, D) Diamantina, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in 2017.
Data from: Evaluation of a low-cost staining method for improved visualization of sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) eggs on multiple crop plant species
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Growth performance and harvest index of sweet potato (Ipoma batatas, Lam) under integrated soil fertility management in Andosol and Nitisol soils
<p>This dataset represent the raw data obtained following the cultivation of two sweet potato varieties (A white skin white-fleshed and a purple skin orange-fleshed) in two agroecological zones of Cameroon dominated by Andosol and Nitisol soils. The soil chemical composition plus that of the organic manures (Rice husk biochar, poultry litter, fast compost and Tithonia diversifolia leaf powder) is part of the data set. The growth parameters; primary branch number, main stem length, petoile length, leaf area index, and harvest index components; adventitious roots, dry biomass, weight of small, medium and big roots, marketable and total yield were collected during the experimentation.</p>
Data from: High-throughput classification and quantification of skinning phenotype in sweet potatoes
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PLATE 1 in Empoasca fabalis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): first report of an invasive pest of sweet potatoes in Portugal (Madeira Island)
PLATE 1. Female of Empoasca fabalis (A). Fore wing venation of Empoascini of Madeira: E. fabalis (B); E. alsiosa (C); A. decedens (D); Morphotype A (E); Morphotype B (F); Morphotype C (G). Damage caused by E. fabalis to the leaves of sweet potatoes (H, I).
Data from: Suppression of reproductive characteristics of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha by sweet potato competition
Background: As a means of biologically controlling Mikania micrantha H.B.K. in Yunnan, China, the influence of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] on its reproductive characteristics was studied. The trial utilized a de Wit replacement series incorporating six ratios of sweet potato and M. micrantha plants in 25 m2 plots over two years. Results: Budding of M. micrantha occurred at the end of September; flowering and fruiting occurred from October to February. Flowering phenology of M. micrantha was delayed (P<0.05), duration of flowering and fruiting was reduced (P<0.05) and duration of bud formation was increased (P<0.05) with increasing proportions of sweet potato. Reproductive allocation, reproductive investment and reproductive index of M. micrantha were significantly reduced (P<0.05) with increasing sweet potato densities. Apidae bees, and Calliphoridae or Syrphidae flies were the most abundant visitors to M. micrantha flowers. Overall flower visits decreased (P<0.05) as sweet potato increased. Thus the mechanism by which sweet potato suppressed sexual reproduction in M. micrantha was essentially two-fold: causing a delay in flowering phenology and reducing pollinator visits. The number, biomass, length, set rate, germination rate, and 1000-grain dry weight of M. micrantha seeds were suppressed (P<0.05) by sweet potato competition. With proportional increases in sweet potato, sexual and asexual seedling populations of M. micrantha were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The mortality of both seedling types increased (P<0.05) with proportional increases in sweet potato. Conclusions: These results suggest that sweet potato significantly suppresses the reproductive ability of the invasive species M. micrantha, and is a promising alternative to traditional biological control and other methods of control. Planting sweet potato in conjunction with other control methods could provide a comprehensive strategy for managing M. micrantha. The scenario of controlling M. micrantha by utilizing a crop with a similar growth form may provide a useful model for similar management strategies in other systems.
Data from: Combining chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites to investigate origin and dispersal of New World sweet potato landraces
We analyzed a representative collection of New World sweet potato landraces (329 accessions from Mexico to Peru) with both chloroplast and nuclear microsatellite markers. Both kinds of markers supported the existence of two geographically restricted genepools, corresponding to accessions from the north-western part of South America and accessions from the Caribbean and Central America super-region. Our conservative cpSSRs markers revealed that the divergence between the two haplotype groups is associated with numerous mutation events concerning various markers, supporting the idea that this divergence may be ancient, predating domestication. For both kind of markers, we found no significant difference in diversity between the two genepools and detected region-specific alleles in both groups. Previous studies have favoured the hypothesis of a single domestication of this crop. Our analysis suggests at least two independent domestications, in Meso-America and in the north-western part of South America. Sweet potato was then dispersed from these centres throughout tropical America. Comparison of nuclear and chloroplast data suggests that exchanges of clones and sexual reproduction were both important processes in landrace diversification in this clonally propagated crop. Our analysis provides useful tools for rationalizing the conservation and use of germplasm collections.
Data from: Genome-wide assessment of population structure and genetic diversity and development of a core germplasm set for sweet potato based on specific length amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing
Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., is an important food crop that is cultivated worldwide. However, no genome-wide assessment of the genetic diversity of sweet potato has been reported to date. In the present study, the population structure and genetic diversity of 197 sweet potato accessions most of which were from China were assessed using 62,363 SNPs. A model-based structure analysis divided the accessions into three groups: group 1, group 2 and group 3. The genetic relationships among the accessions were evaluated using a phylogenetic tree, which clustered all the accessions into three major groups. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the accessions were distributed according to their population structure. The mean genetic distance among accessions ranged from 0.290 for group 1 to 0.311 for group 3, and the mean polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.232 for group 1 to 0.251 for group 3. The mean minor allele frequency (MAF) ranged from 0.207 for group 1 to 0.222 for group 3. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the maximum diversity was within accessions (89.569%). Using CoreHunter software, a core set of 39 accessions was obtained, which accounted for approximately 19.8% of the total collection. The core germplasm set of sweet potato developed will be a valuable resource for future sweet potato improvement strategies.
Data from: On the origin of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) genetic diversity in New Guinea, a secondary centre of diversity
New Guinea is considered the most important secondary centre of diversity for sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). We analysed nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity of 417 New Guinea sweet potato landraces, representing agro-morphological diversity collected throughout the island, and compared this diversity with that in tropical America. The molecular data reveal moderate diversity across all accessions analysed, lower than that found in tropical America. Nuclear data confirm previous results, suggesting that New Guinea landraces are principally derived from the Northern neotropical genepool (Camote and Batata lines, from the Caribbean and Central America). However, chloroplast data suggest that South American clones (early Kumara line clones or, more probably, later reintroductions) were also introduced into New Guinea and then recombined with existing genotypes. The frequency distribution of pairwise distances between New Guinea landraces suggests that sexual reproduction, rather than somaclonal variation, has played a predominant role in the diversification of sweet potato. The frequent incorporation of plants issued from true seed by farmers, and the geographical and cultural barriers constraining crop diffusion in this topographically and linguistically heterogeneous island, has led to the accumulation of an impressive number of variants. As the diversification of sweet potato in New Guinea is primarily the result of farmers' management of the reproductive biology of their crop, we argue that on-farm conservation programmes that implement distribution of core samples (clones representing the useful diversity of the species) and promote on-farm selection of locally adapted variants may allow local communities to fashion relatively autonomous strategies for coping with ongoing global change.
Iron Bioavailability From Biofortified Orange-fleshed Sweet Potato
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03840031. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Evaluation of White Sweet Potato Tube Feeding Formula on Type 2 Diabetic Residents in Long-term Care Institutions
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02711839. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 2.
Data from: Molecular genetic analysis of virus isolates from wild and cultivated plants demonstrates that East Africa is a hotspot for the evolution and diversification of Sweet potato feathery mottle virus
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Data from: Combining chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites to investigate origin and dispersal of New World sweet potato landraces
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Data from: Historical collections reveal patterns of diffusion of sweet potato in Oceania obscured by modern plant movements and recombination
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Data from: Suppression of reproductive characteristics of the invasive plant Mikania micrantha by sweet potato competition
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Data from: On the origin of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) genetic diversity in New Guinea, a secondary centre of diversity
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