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14 results for “swimming speed”
Fig. 6. Prochilodus costatus swimming speeds measured a in Upstream and downstream migration speed of Prochilodus costatus (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) in upper São Francisco basin, Brazil
Fig. 6. Prochilodus costatus swimming speeds measured a. in this study in stretch 2 and b. in the laboratory by Santos et al. (2012). Central points are medians, boxes represent percentiles 25 and 75 and whiskers represent amplitude. Dashed lines separate different kinds of fish movements. BL/s = swimming velocity in standard length of fish per second.
Individual variation in marine larval-fish swimming speed and the emergence of dispersal kernels
<p>Dispersal emerges as a consequence of how an individual's phenotype interacts with the environment. Not all dispersing individuals have the same phenotype, and variation among individuals can generate complex variation in the distribution of dispersal distances and directions. While active locomotion performance is an obvious candidate for a dispersal phenotype, its effects on dispersal are difficult to measure or predict, especially in small organisms dispersing in wind or currents. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of larval swimming on dispersal and settlement of coral-reef fish larvae using a high-resolution biophysical model. The model is, to date, the only biophysical model of marine larval dispersal that has been statistically validated against genetic parentage estimates of larval origin and destination, and incorporates empirically-estimated larval behaviors and their ontogeny. Larval swimming, in combination with depth, orientation, and navigation behaviors, actually reduced dispersal distances compared to those of passive larvae. Swimming had no consistent effects on long distance dispersal, but increased the spread of settlement locations. Swimming speed, in contrast, did not consistently affect median dispersal distances, but faster swimming larvae had greater mean and maximum dispersal distances than slower swimming larvae. Finally, faster larval swimming speeds consistently increased the probability of settlement. Our analysis shows how larval swimming differentially affects multiple properties of dispersal kernels. In doing so, it indicates how selection could favor faster larval swimming to increase settlement, which may actually result in longer dispersal distances as a by-product of larvae trying to locate habitat rather than to disperse greater distances.</p>
Individual variation in marine larval-fish swimming speed and the emergence of dispersal kernels
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1000 fps Swimming behavioral videos (high-speed camera, in dorsal view)
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Coordination of two opposite flagella allows high-speed swimming and active turning of individual zoospores
<p>This contains the datasets of zoospores swimming in water at global scale and during a turning event. We also include the Matlab files for computing the data of global scale data and the simulation for zoospore spreading.</p>
Data from: A sex-linked supergene controls sperm morphology and swimming speed in a songbird
Sperm are perhaps the most diverse cells in the animal kingdom, with enormous morphological variation between taxa, between species, between males and within an ejaculate. Considerable interest in sperm diversity has arisen following the realisation that sperm competition (post-copulatory sexual selection) is a powerful selective force in many organisms, and that sperm morphology has co-evolved with female reproductive tract morphology. However, the relationship between sperm morphology, sperm motility and fertilisation success is only partially understood. The extent to which between-male variation is heritable is largely unknown, and remarkably few studies have investigated the genetic architecture of sperm traits, especially sperm morphology. Here we use high-density genotyping and gene expression profiling to explore the considerable sperm trait variation that exists in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. We show that nearly all of the genetic variation in sperm morphology is caused by an inversion polymorphism on the Z chromosome acting as a 'supergene'. These results provide a striking example of two evolutionary genetic predictions. First, that in species where females are the heterogametic sex, genetic variation affecting sexually dimorphic traits will accumulate on the Z chromosome. Second, recombination suppression at the inversion allows beneficial dominant alleles to become fixed on whichever haplotype they first arise, without being exchanged onto other haplotypes. Finally, we show that the inversion polymorphism will be stably maintained by heterozygote advantage, because heterozygous males have the fastest and most successful sperm with no apparent fitness cost.
Data for Olive et al., Removal of waterborne viruses by Tetrahymena pyriformis is virus-specific and coincides with changes in protist swimming speed, Environmental Science and Technology, 2022 (https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c05518)
<p>This entry contains the data shown in: Olive et al., <em>Removal of waterborne viruses by Tetrahymena pyriformis is virus-specific and coincides with changes in protist swimming speed,</em> Environmental Science and Technology, 2022 (https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c05518)</p> <p>Net removal values (log10 C/C0 or log10 N/N0) shown in Figures 1 and 4</p> <p>Raw data used to calculate net removal values in Figure 1</p> <p>Raw removal values shown in Figure 2</p> <p>Raw data for protist movement analysis shown in Figure 3</p> <p>R code used for protist movement analysis (as text file)</p> <p>Raw data for all Supporting Figures (S1-S6)</p>
Data from: Sperm head morphology is associated with sperm swimming speed: a comparative study of songbirds using electron microscopy
Sperm exhibit extraordinary levels of morphological diversification across the animal kingdom. In songbirds, sperm have a helically shaped head incorporating a distinct acrosomal membrane or 'helical keel', the form and extent of which varies across species. The functional significance of this helical shape, however, remains unknown. Using scanning electron microscopy, we quantified inter- and intra-specific variation in sperm head morphology across 36 songbird species (Passeriformes: Passerida). Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we investigated the relationship between sperm head morphology and both sperm swimming speed and the frequency of extra-pair young (EPY). We found that species whose sperm had a relatively more pronounced helical form (i.e. long acrosome, short nucleus, wide helical membrane, and a more pronounced waveform along the sperm head 'core') had faster-swimming sperm. We found no evidence of a relationship between inter-specific variation in sperm head morphology and EPY, although we did find that among- and within-male variation in sperm head traits were negatively correlated with EPY. Applying principles of fluid mechanics, we discuss how the helical form of the sperm head may influence swimming speed, and suggest that further studies considering aspects of sperm morphology beyond sperm length are needed to improve our understanding of sperm structure-function relationships.
Data from: Sperm head morphology is associated with sperm swimming speed: a comparative study of songbirds using electron microscopy
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Data from: A sex-linked supergene controls sperm morphology and swimming speed in a songbird
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Data from: How body torque and Strouhal number change with swimming speed and developmental stage in larval zebrafish
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Data from: Body size, swimming speed, or thermal sensitivity? Predator-imposed selection on amphibian larvae
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High-speed video recordings of Müller's larva swimming and feeding
<p>These data form the basis for the paper "Large-scale ciliary reversal mediates capture of individual algal prey by Müller's larva" by George von Dassow and Christina I. Ellison, in press at Invertebrate Biology as of late 2019 (preprint on bioRxiv, doi.org/10.1101/709790). Wild-caught Müller's larva of several species of polyclad flatworm were observed swimming and feeding on unicellular algae using high-speed video. These videos document local ciliary reversal mediating prey capture, one cell at a time, by local control of fluid streams. Data consists mostly of larvae swimming in cuvettes seeded with cryptophyte algae and other prey. Some sequences show larvae tethered by suction pipette or larvae swimmng in seawater seeded with neutral fluid tracers.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
High-speed video recordings of Müller's larva swimming and feeding
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.