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14 results for “taxonomic homogenization”
Figure 7 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 7. Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), MNHN 1999.5821, topotype of Rana (Chaparana) fansipani Bourret, 1939, adult male from Fan Si Pan, Vietnam: ventral view of chest and throat showing shape of patch of nuptial spines.
Figure 6 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 6. Plots of factors 1 and 2 of principal component analysis based on varimax rotated coefficients for logtransposed characters (25 measurements) for four adult specimens of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922) (see Table II) and six adult specimens of Chaparana unculuanus (Liu, Hu and Yang, 1960) (see Table IV).
Figure 3 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 3. Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922). (a–c) MNHN 1989.0712, non-breeding adult male from Doi Inthanon, Chiangmai Province, Thailand: (a) whole body in dorsal view; (b) whole body in ventral view; (c) head in right lateral view. (d–f) MNHN 1948.0139, holotype of Rana (Chaparana) fansipani Bourret, 1939, juvenile male from Fan Si Pan, Vietnam: (d) whole body in dorsal view; (e) whole body in ventral view; (f) head in right lateral view.
Figure 4 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 4. (a–c) Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), MNHN 1999.5818, topotype of Rana (Chaparana) fansipani Bourret, 1939, adult male from Fan Si Pan, Vietnam: (a) whole body in dorsal view; (b) whole body in ventral view; (c) head in right lateral view. (d–f) Chaparana unculuanus (Liu, Hu and Yang, 1960), MNHN 2001.0280, adult female from Jingdong Xian, Yunnan, China: (d) whole body in dorsal view; (e) whole body in ventral view; (f) head in right lateral view.
Figure 1 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 1. Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922). (a–c) BMNH 1947.2.2.31 (ex BMNH 1922.7.4.4, ex MAS 5821), holotype of Rana aenea Smith, 1922, juvenile female from Doi Chang, Thailand: (a) whole body in dorsal view; (b) whole body in ventral view; (c) head in right lateral view. (d–f) MNHN 1999.5821, topotype of Rana (Chaparana) fansipani Bourret, 1939, adult male from Fan Si Pan, Vietnam: (d) whole body in dorsal view; (e) whole body in ventral view; (f) head in right lateral view.
Viral zoonotic risk is homogenous among taxonomic orders of mammalian and avian reservoir hosts
<p>Data and code for the paper "Viral zoonotic risk is homogenous among taxonomic orders of mammalian and avian reservoir hosts".</p>
Data from: Local and regional drivers of taxonomic homogenization in stream communities along a land use gradient
Aim: The interaction of land use with local vs. regional processes driving biological homogenization (β-diversity loss) is poorly understood. We explored: i) stream β-diversity responses to land cover (forest vs. agriculture) in terms of physicochemistry and physicochemical heterogeneity, ii) whether these responses were constrained by the regional species pool, i.e. γ-diversity, or local assembly processes through local (α) diversity, iii) if local assembly operated through the regional species abundance distribution (SAD) or intraspecific spatial aggregation, and iv) the dependency on body size, dispersal capacity, and trophic level (producer vs. consumer). Location: United States of America, Canada, and France Time Period: 1993-2012 Major Taxa Studied: Stream diatoms, insects, and fish Methods: We analyzed six datasets totaling 1,225 stream samples. We compared diversity responses to eutrophication and physicochemical heterogeneity in forested vs. agricultural streams with regression methods. Null models quantified contribution of local assembly to β-diversity (β-deviance, βDEV) for both land covers and partitioned it into fractions explained by the regional SAD (βSAD) vs. aggregation (βAGG). Results: Eutrophication explained homogenization and more uneven regional SADs across groups, but local and regional biodiversity responses differed across taxa. βDEV was insensitive to land use. βSAD largely exceeded βAGG and was higher in agriculture. Main Conclusion: Eutrophication but not physicochemical heterogeneity of agricultural streams underlay β-diversity loss in diatoms, insects and fish. Agriculture did not constrain the magnitude of local vs. regional effects on β-diversity, but controlled the local assembly mechanisms. While the SAD fraction dominated in both land covers, it further increased in agriculture at the expense of aggregation. Notably, the regional SADs were more uneven in agriculture, exhibiting excess common species or stronger dominance. Diatoms and insects diverged from fish in terms of biodiversity, SAD shape, and βDEV patterns, suggesting an overriding role of body size and/or dispersal capacity compared to trophic position.
Data from: Temperature seasonality drives taxonomic and functional homogenization of tropical butterflies
<p>To understand the potential impact of climate change on butterfly assemblages across a tropical island, we used thousands of museum records of diurnal Lepidoptera to model current (1970–2000) and forecast future (2061–2080) species distributions and combined these to test for taxonomic and functional homogenization. We then quantified climatic-mediated effects on current and forecasted taxonomic and functional composition and, specifically, whether temperature was a primary driver, as predicted by the temperature-size rule and the thermal melanism hypotheses. Finally, we measured wing traits important in thermoregulation (size and color) and determined trait-mediated changes in forecasted species distributions over time. Our models projected an increase in taxonomic and functional richness over time, and a decrease in taxonomic and functional turnover – a signature of biotic homogenization. Under future climate scenarios, models projected a decrease in wing length and an increase in wing brightness at higher elevations. One variable, temperature seasonality, was the strongest predicted driver of both the current spatial distribution and the projected percent change over time for not only wing traits, but also taxonomic and functional richness and turnover. This dataset contains wing trait data for 62 butterfly species of Puerto Rico, included in the study, measured on digitized museum specimens. Generally, 10 individuals of each species were measured, allowing for measurements of inter- and intraspecific wing trait variation. Traits include: wing length and width, and color metrics: intensity, hue, saturation, and brightness. </p>
Data from: Local and regional drivers of taxonomic homogenization in stream communities along a land use gradient
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Data from: Temperature seasonality drives taxonomic and functional homogenization of tropical butterflies
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Taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland birds along an urbanization gradient in a tropical megacity
<p>Urbanization is a major driver of land use change and biodiversity decline. While most of the ongoing and future urbanization hot spots are located in the Global South, the impact of urban expansion on agricultural biodiversity and associated functions and services in these regions has widely been neglected. Additionally, most studies assess biodiversity responses at local scale (α-diversity), however, ecosystem functioning is strongly determined by compositional and functional turnover of communities (β-diversity) at regional scales. We investigated taxonomic and functional β-diversity of farmland birds across three seasons on 36 vegetable farms spread along a continuous urbanization gradient in Bangalore, a South Indian megacity. Increasing amount of grey area in the farm surroundings was the dominant driver affecting β-diversity and resulting in taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland bird communities. Functional diversity losses were higher than expected from species declines (i.e. urbanization acts as an environmental filter), with particular losses of functionally important groups such as insectivores of crop pests. Moreover, urbanization reduced functional redundancy of bird communities, which may further weaken ecosystems resilience to future perturbations. Our study underscores urbanization as a major driver of taxonomic and functional homogenization of species communities in agricultural systems, potentially threatening crucial ecosystem services for food production.</p>
Taxonomic and functional homogenization of farmland birds along an urbanization gradient in a tropical megacity
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Figure 5 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 5. Plots of factors 1 and 2 of principal component analysis based on varimax rotated coefficients for logtransposed characters (32 measurements) for 13 specimens of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922) from China, Thailand and Vietnam (see Table II).
Figure 2 in Taxonomic notes on the Asian frogs of the tribe Paini (Ranidae, Dicroglossinae): 1. Morphology and synonymy of Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922), with proposal of a new statistical method for testing homogeneity of small samples
Figure 2. Map showing the localities of specimens studied of the species Chaparana aenea (Smith, 1922) (circles) and Chaparana unculuanus (Liu, Hu and Yang, 1960) (square). 1, Doi Chang, Thailand; 2, Doi Inthanon, Thailand; 3, Fan Si Pan, Vietnam; 4, Pu Hoat, Vietnam; 5, Luchun, China; 6, Jingdong, China.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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