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22 results for “three-taxon statement”
Fig. 1. A in "A character does not make a genus, but the genus makes the character ": three-taxon statement analysis and intuitive taxonomy
Fig. 1. A. Strict consensus of 61 most parsimonious phylogenetic trees; tree length = 90 steps; CI = 0.6000; RI = 0.8302, recovered from a standard cladistic analysis (MP) (Fitch Parsimony) of the complete conventionalmorphologicalmatrixof Atraphaxis s. l. (TableS1).All 27 unordered (non-additive) characters are parsimony informative. B. Strict consensus of two nested most parsimonious hierarchies of patterns; length = 8328 steps; CI = 0.8521; RI = 0.8264), recovered from a MP analysis of the three-taxon statement representation of the complete conventional 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s. l. (Table S1). The number of 3TSs (characters) is equal to 7096, all are parsimony-informative. C. Strict consensus of six most parsimonious phylogenetic trees; tree length = 56 steps; CI = 0.6071; RI = 0.8370, recovered from a MP analysis of the reduced conventional 18 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s. l. (Table S1) with the characters one, two, four, eight, 12, 16, 18, 19, and 26 excluded. D. Strict consensus of two nested, most parsimonious hierarchies of patterns; length = 5844 steps; CI = 0.8665; RI = 0.8460), recovered from a MP analysis of the three-taxon statement representation of the reduced conventional 18 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s. l. (Table S1) with characters 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 18, 19 and 26 excluded. The number of 3TSs (characters) is equal to 5064, all are parsimony-informative. All MP analyses as in PAUP* 4.0a150 (Swofford 2002) were conducted using either conventional matrices or TAXODIUM's output 3TS NEXUS files with a heuristic search of 1000 random addition replicates (saving no more than 100 trees per replicate), and the TBR branch swapping/MulTrees option into effect. Branches with a minimum length of zero were collapsed. The three-taxon statement analysis (3TA) of the unordered morphological matrix was established after it three-taxon (3TS) Williams-Siebert (WS) representation (Williams & Siebert 2000) using TAXODIUM v. 1.2 (Mavrodiev & Madorsky 2012). The 3TS permutations were performed with the following command: taxodium input_file_name. csv –ium –ob –og –nex The value of the operational outgroup was fixed as a value of Bactria lazkovii. All 3TSs were weighted uniformly and treated as ''ordered'' (Wagner Parsimony). The bootstrap resampling of both conventional and 3TS matrices have been performed as described in Mavrodiev & Madorsky (2012). The diagnostic traits are optimized using Mesquite (Maddison & Maddison 2011).
FIGURE 21 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 21. (I)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 20 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 20. (E–H)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 19 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 19. (A–D)—Most parsimonious optimizations (Maddison & Maddison, 2011) of the selected morphological traits using topology resulted from the standard MP analysis of the 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Fig. 18A, Appendix 3). All character states were treated as "unordered" Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 17 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 17. Tricolporate pollen grains of Atraphaxis and Bactria, equatorial view (SEM): (A–C)—A. toktogulica (Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE), reticulate-perforate to striate-perforate pollen surface. (D–E)—A. atraphaxiformis (Abdusaljamova 65, LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (F)—Bactria ovczinnikovii (Nepli et al. s.n. LE), microreticulate-foveolate pollen surface. (G)—A. ariana (Gorelova s.n. LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (H–I)—A. frutescens (Resnichenko 145, MW), striate-perforate pollen surface. Scale bar = 10 μm for A, D, G–H; = 1 μm for B; = 3 μm for C, E, F, I. Images: E. Severova & O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 18 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 18. (A)—Strict consensus of 61 most parsimonious phylogenetic trees; tree length = 90 steps; CI = 0.6000; RI = 0.8302, recovered from a standard MP analysis of the morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Appendix 3). All 27 characters are parsimony informative. (B)—Strict consensus of two nested most parsimonious hierarchies of patterns; length = 8328 steps; CI = 0.8521; RI = 0.8264), recovered from a MP analysis of the 3TS representation of 27 characters' morphological matrix of Atraphaxis s.l. (Appendix 3). The number of the characters (3TS) is equal to 7096, all are parsimony-informative. The MP bootstrap values are indicated below branches (A and B). Image: E. Mavrodiev.
FIGURE 16 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 16. Tricolporate pollen grains of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia, equatorial view (SEM): (A–C)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE), foveolate to perforate (punctate) pollen surface. (D–E)—P. spinosum (Bornmüller 5083, LE), foveolate to perforate (punctate) pollen surface. (F, I)—P. dumosum (Kotschy 242, LE), striate-perforate pollen surface. (G–H)—P. aridum (Sawers, 1868, Haussknecht s.n. LE), foveolate, foveolate-perforate to microreticulate-foveolate pollen surface. Scale bar = 3μm. Images: E. Severova & O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 15 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 15. Flowers and achenes of Atraphaxis (A–F, J, L), Bactria (K), and Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (G–I) (SEM): (A–B)—A. fischeri, filaments at the receptacle edge. (C–D)—ibid, papillae at the filament base. (E)—ibid, nectar-secreating zone of receptacle. (F)—A. pungens, epidermis of filament. (G)—Polygonum salicornioides, three linear styles connate at base. (H)—Polygonum salicornioides, tuberculate achene surface; (I)—P. aridum, three linear styles connate at base. (J)—A. toktogulica, three styles connate at base. (K)—Bactria ovczinnikovii, three styles connate at base. (L)—A. pungens, three styles with fimbriate-capitate stigmas. Scale bar = 300 μm for A, G, G–L; = 100 μm for B, I; = 30 μm for C–F, H. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 14 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 14. Filaments (A, D, G, J), epidermis of the filaments (B, E, H, K), and nectar-secreating zone (C, F, I, L) of Bactria and Atraphaxis (SEM): (A–C)—Bactria ovczinnikovii, Nepli s.n. LE. (D–F)—Atraphaxis toktogulica, Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE; (G–I)—A. atraphaxiformis, Kamelin 523, LE. (J–L)—A. ariana, Androsov s.n. LE. Scale bar = 300 μm for A, D, G, J; = 30 μm for the rest. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 13 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 13. Filaments (A, D, E), epidermis of the filaments (B, F, G), and nectar-secreating zone (C, H, I) of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–C)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE). (D–I)—P. aridum (Sawers, Haussknecht s.n., LE). Scale bar = 300 μm for A, D–E; = 30 μm for B–C, F–I. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 12 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 12. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A)—A. tournefortii, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube, flower bud. (B, D)—A. pungens, dome-shaped cells of tube, young flower. (C)—ibid, segment edge of mature flower. (E)—ibid, segment of flower bud. (F)—A. fischeri, segment of flower bud. (G–H)—A. frutescens, tube (G) and segment (H) of flower bud. (I)—A. teretifolia, segment edge. Scale bar = 30 μm for A, I; = 50 μm for B, C; = 10 μm (D–H). Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 10 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 10. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A)—A. toktogulica, papillae at segment edge. (B)—A. ariana, domeshaped cells of perianth tube, some forming papillae. (C)—A. ariana, segment edge. (D)—A. ariana, epidermal cells of petaloid segment. (E–F)—A. badghysi, dome-shaped cells of perianth tube, some forming papillae. (G)—A. badghysi, sinuate epidermal cells of segment, flower bud. (H–I)—A. aucheri, oblong epidermal cells of segment, flower bud. (J–L)—A. virgata, polygonal cells of perianth tube (J–K) and oblong cells of segment edge (L), flower bud. Scale bar =30 μm for A, C, J; = 10 μm for B, D, F–I, K–L; = 50 μm for E. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 6 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 6. Perianths of Polygonum salicornioides (A), Bactria ovczinnikovii (B–C), Atraphaxis toktogulica (D–F), Atraphaxis virgata (D) and A. frutescens (H–I). Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 11 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 11. Abaxial perianth surface of Atraphaxis (SEM): (A–B)—A. manshurica, polygonal cells of tube (A) and oblong cells of segment (B), young flower. (C–D)—A. avenia, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (C) and oblong cells of segment (D), young flower. (E–F)—A. seravschanica, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (E) and sinuate cells of segment (F), flower bud. (G)—A. caucasica, perianth segment of mature flower. (H)—A. muschketowi, segment of mature flower. (I) A. laetevirens, segment of mature flower. (J–L)— A. billardierei, polygonal dome-shaped cells of tube (J), sinuate cells of segment (K–L), flower bud. Scale bar = 30 μm for A–B, K–L; = 10 μm for C–J. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 9 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 9. Abaxial perianth surface of Bactria and Atraphaxis (SEM). (A–B)—B. ovczinnikovii, the outer segment with papillae at the edge. (C–D)—A. atraphaxiformis: perianth tube (C), papillae at segment edge (D). (E–I)—A. tortuosa: polygonal cells of perianth tube (E–F), perianth segment outside (G–H), and inside (I). (J–L)—A. toktogulica: perianth tube of flower bud (J), conical papillae at tube of mature flower (K) and flowerbud (L). Scale bar = 100 μm for A, E; = 30 μm for B–D, G, I–L; = 10 μm for F, H. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 2 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 2. Leaf blades (A–C, G–H) and ocreas (D–F, I) of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–D)—P. salicornioides, Kotschy 468, LE. (E–F)—P. dumosum, Kotschy 242, LE. (G–I)—ibid, Wendelbo 790, LE. Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 8 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 8. Leaf blade (A–B) and perianth (C–L) surface of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–F)—P. dumosum (Kotschy 242, LE): leaf blade abaxially (A–B); perianth segments outside (C–F). (G–L)—P. aridum (Sawers and Kuh-Enhker, Haussknecht s.n. LE): perianth tube outside (G); middle part of perianth segment outside (H–I); the edge of perianth segment outside (J–K); perianth segment inside (L). Scale bar = 300 μm for A; = 30 μm for B–K; = 10 μm for L. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE. 1 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE. 1. Life history and shoots of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia: (A–C)—P. salicornioides, a dwarf undershrub with fleashy annual shoots (Kotschy 468, LE). (D–E)—P. spinosum, a dwarf shrub with lignified prickly shoots (Bornmüller 5083, LE). (F–G)—P. dumosum, a dwarf undershrub with wiry leafy annual shoots (Kotschy 242, LE). (H)—ibid (Wendelbo 790, LE). (I–J)—P. aridum, a dwarf shrub with wiry leafless annual shoots (Kuh-Enhker, Haussknecht s.n. LE). (K)—ibid (Sawers, Haussknecht s.n. LE). Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 4 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 4. Ocreas of Bactria and Atraphaxis: (A–C)—B. ovczinnikovii, Ukrainskaya et al. 12, MW. (D–F)—A. virgata, Gubanov 7227, MW. (G–H)—A. ariana, Gorelova s.n. LE. (I–J)—A. toktogulica, Ajdarova et al. s.n. LE. (K–M)—A. seravschanica, Boryaev & Gubanov 43, LE. Scale bar = 1 mm. Images: O. Yurtseva.
FIGURE 7 in Persepolium (Polygoneae): A new genus in Polygonaceae based on conventional Maximum Parsimony and Three-taxon statement analyses of a comprehensive morphological dataset
FIGURE 7. Perianth surface of Polygonum subsection Spinescentia (SEM): (A–I)—P. salicornioides (Kotschy 468, LE): papillate surface of perianth segments outside (A–D), perianth tube outside (E–F), and perianth segment inside (G–I). (J–L)—P. spinosum (Bornmüller 5083, LE): middle part of perianth segment outside (J), and papillate segment edge (K–L). Scale bar = 100 μm for A; = 300 μm for G; = 30 μm for B–D, H–L; =10 μm for E. Images: O.V.Yurtseva.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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