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224 results for “tradeoffs”
Data for Tradeoff Analysis of Recovery Pathways post Superstorm Sandy: a New Jersey Case Study - v0.1
<p>Data repository for the manuscript titled: <em>Tradeoff Analysis of Recovery Pathways post Superstorm Sandy: a New Jersey Case Study.</em></p> <p>This repository includes all of the input data, processed data, and output data used for the project. This is a working version of our Tradeoff Analysis ready for interested users, peer reviewers, and others to run. </p> <p>README file on GitHub: https://github.com/Laura-Geronimo/Geronimo-etal_2024_NaturalHazardsReview/blob/main/README.md</p> <p> </p>
Pre-Publication Dataset: Is Remote Sensing a Better Measure of Internet Censorship than Expert Analysis? Analyzing Tradeoffs for International Donors and Advocacy Organizations
<p>These are the underlying data and do file to support the analysis in the forthcoming paper "Is Remote Sensing a Better Measure of Internet Censorship than Expert Analysis? Analyzing Tradeoffs for International Donors and Advocacy Organizations" that has been submitted to the <em>Data & Policy </em>Journal. This is an expanded and updated version of the Data For Policy conference paper "Comparing Measures of Internet Censorship: Analyzing the Tradeoffs between Expert Analysis and Remote Measurement" (10.5281/zenodo.3967398).</p>
Drought increases microbial allocation to stress tolerance but with few tradeoffs among community-level traits
Climate change will increase soil drying, altering microbial communities via increasing water stress and decreasing resource availability. The responses of these microbial communities to changing environments is likely governed by physiological tradeoffs between high yield, resource acquisition, and stress tolerance (Y-A-S framework). We leveraged a unique field experiment that manipulates both drought and carbon availability across two years and three land uses, and we used both metagenomic and bioassay indicators of the three microbial community traits to test the following hypotheses: 1. Drought increases microbial allocation to stress tolerance functions, at the expense of growth and resource acquisition. 2. Because microbes are resource-limited under drought, increased carbon will enable greater expression of stress tolerance. 3. All three key life history traits described in the YAS framework will trade off, especially when resources are limited. Drought did increase microbial physiological investment in stress tolerance (measured via trehalose production), but we saw few other changes in microbial communities under drought. Carbon addition increased resource acquisition (measured via enzyme activity and resource acquisition gene abundance) and stress tolerance (trehalose assay), but did so in both drought and average rainfall environments. We found no evidence of trait tradeoffs, as we found no significant negative correlations between traits (measured via bioassay and metagenomics). In summary, we found C addition, and to a lesser extent, drought, both altered microbial community function and functional genes. However, resources did not alter drought response in a way that was consistent with theory of life history tradeoffs.
Chemical-genetic interrogation of RNA polymerase mutants reveals structure-function relationships and physiological tradeoffs
<p>The multi-subunit bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) and its associated regulators carry out transcription and integrate myriad regulatory signals. Numerous studies have interrogated the inner workings of RNAP, and mutations in genes encoding RNAP drive adaptation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> to many health- and industry-relevant environments, yet a paucity of systematic analyses has hampered our understanding of the fitness benefits and trade-offs from altering RNAP function. Here, we conduct a chemical-genetic analysis of a library of RNAP mutants. We discover phenotypes for non-essential insertions, show that clustering mutant phenotypes increases their predictive power for drawing functional inferences, and demonstrate that some RNA polymerase mutants both decrease average cell length and confer insensitivity to killing by cell-wall targeting antibiotics. Our findings demonstrate that RNAP chemical-genetic interactions provide a general platform for interrogating structure-function relationships <i>in vivo</i> and for identifying physiological trade-offs of mutations, including those relevant for disease and biotechnology. This strategy should have broad utility for illuminating the role of other important protein complexes.</p>
Level and spatial pattern of overstory retention impose tradeoffs for regenerating and retained trees
<p>Variable retention (VR) has been adopted globally as an alternative to more intensive forms of regeneration harvest. By retaining live trees within harvest units, VR seeks balance among the commodity, ecological, and aesthetic values of managed forests. Achieving these multiple, often competing objectives requires an understanding of how level and spatial pattern of retention shape the abundance, growth, and mortality of regenerating and retained trees. Using long-term (18-19 yr) data from a regional-scale VR experiment, we explore the individual and interactive effects of retention level (15% vs. 40% of initial basal area) and pattern (dispersed vs. aggregated) on the post-harvest dynamics of forests of differing structure and seral composition.</p> <p>Level and pattern of retention imposed tradeoffs for the density and growth of regenerating trees (>0.1 m tall, <5 cm dbh) and ingrowth (trees attaining 5 cm during the study). Greater retention led to greater density of late-seral regeneration, but lower density of early-seral ingrowth, and slower growth of late-seral ingrowth. Dispersed retention enhanced the density of early- and late-seral regeneration (compared to aggregated treatments), but reduced the growth of early-seral ingrowth. We also observed tradeoffs for retained trees. Lower retention enhanced the growth of smaller trees (<25 cm dbh)—particularly in dispersed settings—but reduced the survival of larger trees, which were more susceptible to windthrow. Greater retention reduced the growth, but enhanced the survival of smaller trees. Pattern imposed similar tradeoffs, with dispersed retention enhancing growth, but reducing survival of small trees. Finally, level and pattern resulted in tradeoffs for productivity of regenerating vs. retained-tree cohorts. Ingrowth productivity was greater at lower retention and in aggregated treatments; retained-tree productivity was greater at higher retention and in dispersed treatments.</p> <p>Our results provide a unique, long-term perspective on the sensitivity of tree regeneration, growth, and mortality to key structural elements of VR systems. Strong responses to level and pattern of retention produce tradeoffs for different ecological or resource objectives. Balancing these objectives may require the combined use of aggregates, dispersed retention, and clearings, to mimic the spatial heterogeneity of habitats, physical structures, and resource conditions that are produced by natural disturbances.</p>
Model output and figure code for "Tradeoffs Between Vertical and Lateral Resilience in a Salt Marsh Restoration Model"
<p>Simulation output data from COLT_Restorations model stored on the Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System public model repository at <a href="https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Model:COLT_Restorations">https://csdms.colorado.edu/wiki/Model:COLT_Restorations</a> and on a GitHub public repository at<a href="https://github.com/mbbarksdale/CoLT_Restorations"> https://github.com/mbbarksdale/CoLT_Restorations</a>.</p> <p>These data were processed and graphed with model code that can also be found in a GitHub public repository at <a href="https://github.com/mbbarksdale/COLTRestorationsPaper_dataANDfigures">https://github.com/mbbarksdale/COLTRestorationsPaper_dataANDfigures</a>. </p>
Data for: A fundamental tradeoff among resilience, resistance, efficiency, and redundancy in tidal wetlands
<p>We filtered the raw NASA-MODIS (MOD13Q1) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) dataset to only inlcude pixels with high tidal wetland class purity and Quality Assurance (QA) reliability scores. We filtered 782,693 tidal wetland pixels with coverage spanning the entire contiguous United States to only include those with greater than 90% tidal wetland class purity. We then further filtered these pixels to only include those where data dropouts in the EVI or QA layer occured fewer than 10% of the time. In the end, we used 145,871 pixels in our analysis. Tidal wetland GPP was calculated by pixel for the dates 3/5/2000 to 12/2/2020 at 16-day intervals using the algorithms published in: </p> <p>R. A. Feagin, I. Forbrich, T.P. Huff, J.G. Barr, J. Ruiz-plancarte, J.D Fuentes, R.G. Najjar, R. Vargas, A. Vazquez-lule, L. Windham-Myers, K. Kroeger, E.J. Ward, G.W. Moore, M. Leclerc, K.W. Krauss, C.L. Stagg, M. Alber, S.H. Knox, K.V.R. Schafer, T.S., Bianchi, J.A. Hutchings, H.B. Nahrawi, A. Noormets, B. Mitra, A. Jaimes, A.L. Hinson, B. Bergamaschi, J. King, and G. Miao., Tidal wetland gross primary production across the continental United States, 2000–2019. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 34, e2019GB006349 (2020).</p> <p>The file named "SWR_90percentFinal.csv" contains the filtered SWR database used to calculate GPP. File named "temp_90percentFinal_rounded.csv" contains the filtered air temperature database used to calculate GPP. The file named "EVI(gapped_filled)_90percentFinal.csv" contains the final gap-filled EVI time series database used to calculate GPP. File named "QA_90%Final.csv" contains the filtered quality assurance (QA) values. Dates in the EVI database where QA = 3 were determined to be of poor quality, removed from the database, and replaced with "NA". Single NA gaps in the EVI database were gap-filled by taking the mean of the dates flanking the NA gap. File named "myGPP(gap_filled)_FINAL.csv" contains the calculated GPP estimates used throughout the study analysis. </p> <p>File named "rawEVI.csv" contains the raw EVI database prior to filtering and gap-filling. File named "rawSWR.csv" contains the raw SWR database prior to filtering. File named "rawAirTemp.csv" contains the air temperature database prior to filtering. File named "rawQA.csv" contains the QA layer of the MOD13 satellite product prior to filtering. These files contain the raw data for all 782,693 tidal wetland pixel locations. These raw files can also be accessed at daac.ornl.gov. </p>
A distinct neurogenomic response to a tradeoff between social challenge and opportunity in male sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
<p>Animals frequently make adaptive decisions about what to prioritize when they are faced with multiple, conflicting demands at the same time. However, the proximate mechanisms of decision-making in the face of competing demands are not well understood. We explored this question using brain transcriptomics in a classic model system: threespined sticklebacks, where males face conflict between courtship and territorial defense. The outcome of decisions made by breeding males over whether to court mates or defend against territory intrusion are profoundly important to fitness. We characterized the behavior and brain gene expression profiles of males confronted by a tradeoff between courtship and territorial defense by comparing them to males not confronted by this tradeoff. When faced with the tradeoff, males behaviorally prioritized defense over courtship, and this decision was reflected in their brain gene expression profiles. A distinct set of genes and biological processes was recruited in the brain when males faced a tradeoff and these responses were largely non-overlapping across two brain regions. Combined, these results raise new questions about the interplay between the neural and molecular mechanisms involved in decision-making.</p>
A tradeoff between robustness to environmental fluctuations and speed of evolution
<p>The ability of a species to cope with both long-term and short-term environmental fluctuations might vary with the species' life history. While some life-history characteristics promote large and stable population sizes despite interannual environmental fluctuations, other life-history strategies might allow to evolve quickly in response to long-term gradual changes. In a theoretical study, we show that there is a tradeoff between both properties. Life-history characteristics that promote fast rates of evolution come at the expense of a poor response to short-term environmental fluctuations, and vice versa. We demonstrated the presence of this tradeoff by the use of a mathematical analysis and individual-based simulations.</p>
Tradeoffs between the use of improved varieties and agrobiodiversity conservation in the Sahel
<p>This folder includes the data source and do-files used for writing the paper entitled "Tradeoffs between the use of improved varieties and agrobiodiversity conservation in the Sahel".</p>
SUPER-G synthesis report & associated data - D3.6 Synergies & Tradeoffs
<p>A series of co-innovation workshops within 23 farm networks helped to identify PG management <br>options, innovations, and technologies to trial on commercial and experimental farms before being <br>road tested and demonstrated on a selection of pilot farms. A series of over 40 experiments were <br>conducted on commercial and research farms across the biogeographic regions on a wide range of <br>topics. </p> <p>The field trials and experiments have involved detailed integrated assessments on farms or <br>permanent grassland (PG) areas to investigate the synergies and trade-offs between productivity, <br>biodiversity, and delivery of other selected ecosystem services (ES). </p> <p>The investigations were placed into five overarching themes:<br>1. New Grassland Species / Diverse Species Swards<br>2. Precision Grassland Management<br>3. Nutrient Management<br>4. Agri-Environment Options<br>5. Miscellaneous</p>
BRAIN Journal-Intelligent Continuous Double Auction method For Service Allocation in Cloud Computing-Figure 4. Sharing and tradeoff factor effect on resource utilization
<p>In Figure 4 we consider tradeoff and sharing factors in providers. The result illustrates that<br> by using these factors providers improve resource utilization. Higher resource utilization motivates<br> more providers to participate in the cloud and also enables the cloud market to handle more<br> consumers which influences market efficiency.</p>
Tradeoffs and benefits explain scaling, sex differences, and seasonal oscillations in the remarkable weapons of snapping shrimp (Alpheus spp.)
<p>Evolutionary theory suggests that individuals should express costly traits at a magnitude that optimizes the cost-benefit ratio for the trait-bearer. Trait expression varies across a species because costs and benefits vary among individuals. For example, if large individuals pay lower costs than small individuals, then larger individuals should reach optimal cost-benefit ratios at a greater magnitude of trait expression. Using the remarkable cavitation-shooting weapons found in the big claws of male and female alpheid snapping shrimp, we test whether size- and sex-dependent expenditures explain the scaling of weapon size relative to body size and why males have larger proportional weapon size than females. We found that males and females from three snapping shrimp species (<em>Alpheus</em> <em>heterochaelis</em>, <em>Alpheus</em> <em>angulosus</em>, and <em>Alpheus</em> <em>estuariensis</em>) exhibit resource allocation tradeoffs between weapon and abdomen mass. For male <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em>, the species for which we had the greatest sample size and statistical power, the smallest individuals showed the steepest tradeoff. Our extensive dataset in <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> also included data about pairing, breeding season, and egg clutch size. Therefore, we could test for reproductive tradeoffs and benefits in this species. Female <em>A</em>. <em>heterochaelis</em> exhibited additional tradeoffs between weapon size and egg count, average egg volume, and total egg mass volume. For average egg volume, the smallest females exhibited the steepest tradeoff relative to weapon size. Furthermore, for both sexes, large weapons were positively correlated with the relative size of their pair mate; however, for males only, large weapons were positively correlated with being paired in the first place. In conclusion, we establish that size-dependent tradeoffs underlie reliable scaling relationships of costly traits. Furthermore, we show that males and females differ in weapon investment, suggesting that weapons are especially beneficial to males and especially burdensome to females.</p>
Data from: Increased aridity is associated with stronger tradeoffs in ponderosa pine vital functions
<p>Trees must allocate resources to core functions, like growth, defense, and reproduction. These allocation patterns have profound effects on forest health, yet little is known about how core functions trade off over time, and even less is known about how a changing climate will impact tradeoffs. We conducted a 21-year survey of growth, defense, and reproduction in 80 ponderosa pine individuals spanning 8 populations across environmental gradients along the Colorado Front Range, USA. We used linear mixed models to describe tradeoffs among these functions and to characterize variability among and within individuals over time. Growth and defense were lower in years of high cone production and local drought conditions amplified year-to-year tradeoffs between reproduction and growth, where trees located at sites with hotter and drier climates showed stronger tradeoffs between reproduction and growth. Our results support the environmental stress hypothesis of masting, which predicts that greater interannual variation in tree functions is associated with more marginal environments, such as those that are prone to drought. With warming temperatures and increased exposure to drought stress, trees will be faced with stronger interannual tradeoffs, which could lead to further decreases in growth and defensive efforts, ultimately increasing risks of mortality.</p>
Snow cover and snow water equivalent for: How do tradeoffs in satellite spatial and temporal resolution impact snow water equivalent reconstruction?
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Sex-specific speed-accuracy tradeoffs shape neural processing of acoustic signals in a grasshopper
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Level and spatial pattern of overstory retention impose tradeoffs for regenerating and retained trees
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Data from: Increased aridity is associated with stronger tradeoffs in ponderosa pine vital functions
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Data from: Ecological tradeoffs drive a power-law relationship between group size and population density in social foragers
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Managing the tradeoff between reproduction and survival requires flexibility in behavior and gene regulation in three-spined stickleback
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.